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a system of words used to name things in a particular discipline; "legal terminology"; "biological nomenclature"; "the language of sociology" (同)nomenclature, language

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術語,専門用語 / (特定の分野の)用語法
(各分野で用いる)専門用語法 / (体系に基づく)科学的命名法

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/20 19:44:01」(JST)

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For terminology as a type of resource/artifact, see Terminology (artifact).

Terminology is the study of terms and their use. Terms are words and compound words that in specific contexts are given specific meanings, meanings that may deviate from the meaning the same words have in other contexts and in everyday language. The discipline Terminology studies among other things how such terms of art come to be and their interrelationships within a culture. Terminology differs from lexicography in studying concepts, conceptual systems, and their labels (terms), whereas lexicography study words and their meanings.

Terminology is a discipline which systematically studies the labelling or designating of concepts particular to one or more subject fields or domains of human activity. It does this through research and analysis of terms in context for the purpose of documenting and promoting consistent usage.

Terminology can be limited to one or more languages (multilingual terminology, bilingual terminology, and so forth) or may have an interdisciplinarity focus on the use of terms in different fields.

Overview[edit source | edit]

The discipline of terminology consists primarily of the following aspects:

analysing the concepts and concept structures used in a field or domain of activity
identifying the terms assigned to the concepts
in the case of bilingual or multilingual terminology, establishing correspondences between terms in the various languages
compiling the terminology, on paper or in databases
managing terminology databases
creating new terms, as required

Types of terminology[edit source | edit]

A distinction is made between two types of terminology:

Ad hoc terminology, which deals with a single term or a limited number of terms
Systematic terminology, which deals with all the terms in a specific subject field or domain of activity

Ad hoc terminology is prevalent in the translation profession, where a translation for a specific term (or group of terms) is required quickly to solve a particular translation problem.

Terminology as a discipline[edit source | edit]

A terminologist intends to hone categorical organization by improving the accuracy and content of its terminology. Technical industries and standardization institutes compile their own glossaries. This provides the consistency needed in the various areas—fields and branches, movements and specialties—to work with core terminology to then offer material for the discipline's traditional and doctrinal literature.

Terminology is also then key in boundary-crossing problems, such as in language translation and social epistemology. Terminology helps to build bridges and to extend one area into another. Translators research the terminology of the languages they translate. Terminology is taught alongside Translation in the universities and translation schools. Large translation departments and translation bureaus have a Terminology section.

Terminological theories[edit source | edit]

Terminological theories include general theory of terminology,^[1] socioterminology,^[2] communicative theory of terminology,^[3] sociocognitive terminology,^[4] and frame-based terminology.^[5]

References[edit source | edit]

^ Wüster, E. (1979). Einführung in die allgemeine Terminologielehre und terminologische Lexikographie. Teil 1-2. Springer-Verlag.
^ Gaudin, F. (1993). "Socioterminologie: propos et propositions épistémologiques". Le langage et l'homme (Intercommunications) 28 (4): 247–257.
^ Cabré, M.T. (1999). La terminología: representación y comunicación. Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
^ Temmerman, R. (2terminology is a scientific word which means divided in particular terms). Towards new ways of terminology description: the sociocognitive-approach.
^ Faber, P.; Montero, S.; Castro, M.R.; Senso, J.; Prieto, J.A.; León, P.; Márquez C.; Vega, M. (2006). "Process-oriented terminology management in the domain of Coastal Engineering". Terminology (John Benjamins Publishing Company) 12 (2): 189–213. doi:10.1075/term.12.2.03fab.

External links[edit source | edit]

Terminology from the OTTIAQ website
TermNet - International Network for Terminology
Infoterm - International Information Centre for Terminology
ISO Technical Committee 37 "Terminology and other language and content resources" (ISO/TC 37)
Muegge, Uwe (2007). "Disciplining words: What you always wanted to know about terminology management". Tcworld (tekom) (3): 17–19.
Faoterm from the FAO Terminology website
The Online Dictionary of Language Terminology
TermSciences, the Scientific Terminology Database

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