WordNet

(anatomy) a fold of dura mater that covers the cerebellum and supports the occipital lobes of the cerebrum

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/09/28 15:02:07」(JST)

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The tentorium cerebelli or cerebellar tentorium (Latin: "tent of the cerebellum") is an extension of the dura mater that separates the cerebellum from the inferior portion of the occipital lobes.

Anatomy

The tentorium cerebelli is an arched lamina, elevated in the middle, and inclining downward toward the circumference.

It covers the superior surface of the cerebellum, and supports the occipital lobes of the brain.

Its anterior border is free and concave, and bounds a large oval opening, the tentorial incisure, for the transmission of the cerebral peduncles.

It is attached, behind, by its convex border, to the transverse ridges upon the inner surface of the occipital bone, and there encloses the transverse sinuses; in front, to the superior angle of the petrous part of the temporal bone on either side, enclosing the superior petrosal sinuses.

At the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone the free and attached borders meet, and, crossing one another, are continued forward to be fixed to the anterior and posterior clinoid processes respectively.

To the middle line of its upper surface the posterior border of the falx cerebri is attached, the straight sinus being placed at their line of junction.

Clinical significance

Clinically, the tentorium is important because brain tumors are often characterized as supratentorial (above the tentorium) and infratentorial (below the tentorium). The location of the tumor can help in determining the type of tumor, as different tumors occur with different frequencies at each location. Additionally, most childhood primary brain tumors are infratentorial, while most adult primary brain tumors are supratentorial. The location of the tumor may have prognostic significance as well.

Since the tentorium is a hard structure, if there is a volume expansion in the parenchyme above the tentorium, the brain can get pushed down partly through the tentorium. This is called herniation and will often give mydriasis on the affected side, due to pressure on cranial nerve III (N. Oculomotorius). Tentorial herniation is a serious symptom, especially since the brainstem is likely to be compressed as well if the intracranial pressure rises further. See uncal herniation for a common subtype of a tentorial herniation.

Additional images

Dura mater and its processes exposed by removing part of the right half of the skull, and the brain.
Sagittal section of the skull, showing the sinuses of the dura.
Human brain dura mater (reflections)
Tentorium cerebelli

External links

Photo at Indiana University
Atlas of anatomy at UMich n2a3p2

This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained within it may be outdated.

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English Journal

Infratentorial complications following preresection CSF diversion in children with posterior fossa tumors.

El-Gaidi MA1, El-Nasr AH, Eissa EM.
Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics.J Neurosurg Pediatr.2014 Nov 7:1-8. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECT This report presents the incidence, causes, and morbidity and mortality of infratentorial complications following CSF diversion before resection in children with posterior fossa tumors. METHODS The medical records of 437 children admitted to Abo El-Reesh Pediatric University Hospital with a d
PMID 25380176

Tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula manifesting as contralateral trigeminal neuralgia: resolution after transarterial Onyx embolization.

Lu X1, Qin X1, Ni L2, Chen J1, Xu F2.
Journal of neurointerventional surgery.J Neurointerv Surg.2014 Nov;6(9):e45. doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2013-010984.rep. Epub 2013 Dec 2.
Tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) as a cause of trigeminal neuralgia is extremely rare. Although less than 10 cases have been reported in the literature, all cases presented with ipsilateral trigeminal neuralgia. Here we report a unique case of tentorial DAVF manifesting as contralateral
PMID 24297368

Clinical approach of using Onyx via transarterial access in treating tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula.

Liu C, Xu B, Song D, Leng B, Mao Y, Gu Y, Liao Y.
Neurological research.Neurol Res.2014 Nov;36(11):983-91. doi: 10.1179/1743132814Y.0000000383. Epub 2014 May 12.
OBJECTIVE: In this study, based on clinical presentation and angiographic findings, we try to investigate the possibility to do transarterial embolization using Onyx to treat tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula (TDAVF). Particular attention will be given to the relationship between vascular anatom
PMID 24821189

Japanese Journal

症例報告両側上小脳動脈硬膜枝を流入動脈とした小脳テント硬膜動静脈瘻の1例

立林洸太朗,垣田寛人,阪本大輔 [他]
JNET : journal of neuroendovascular therapy 8(2), 83-88, 2014-05
NAID 40020196271

小脳動静脈奇形摘出の要点

前田佳一郎,石川治,田中健太郎,野村征司
脳卒中の外科 42(4), 233-237, 2014
… The superior cerebellar artery is often hidden by the drainer in the operative field, and perioperative embolization or temporary occlusion via supra-tentorial root may be needed, especially in cases with high-flow AVMs. …
NAID 130004699310

尿閉で発症し急速に進行し四肢麻痺に至った小脳テント下硬膜動静脈瘻の1例

河岡大悟,花北順哉,高橋敏行,渡邊水樹,安部倉友,寺田行範
Japanese Journal of Neurosurgery 23(5), 423-427, 2014
64歳男性. 尿閉単独で発症し泌尿器科へ入院後, 急速に四肢麻痺となった. 画像検査で小脳テント近傍に短絡部を有し脊髄表面へ下降する硬膜動静脈瘻を認め, 直達手術を行った. 頭蓋内硬膜動静脈瘻が尿閉を含む脊髄症で発症する報告は散見されるが, 尿閉のみを初発症状とし, 他の脊髄症状が出現するまでに時間的ずれを生じた報告はない. 排尿に関する連絡路は主に脊髄の側・後索にあり, 特に求心路は後索にある …
NAID 130004610376