WordNet

a convex fold or elevation in the surface of the brain (同)convolution

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/01 10:43:49」(JST)

wiki en

The supramarginal gyrus is a portion of the parietal lobe. This area of the brain is also known as Brodmann area 40 based on the universally used brain map created by Korbinian Brodmann to define the structures in the cerebral cortex. It is probably involved with language perception and processing, and lesions in it may cause receptive aphasia.^[1]

Additional images

Position of supramarginal gyrus (shown in red).
Gyri in lateral surface of human left cerebral hemisphere. Supramarginal gyrus is shown in green.
Gyri of human right parietal lobe. Supramarginal gyrus is labeled by *.
Cerebrum. Lateral view.Deep dissection.
Cerebrum. Lateral view.Deep dissection.
Cerebrum. Lateral view.Deep dissection.

Important Functions

The surpramarginal gyrus is part of the somatosensory association cortex, which interprets tactile sensory data and is involved in perception of space and limbs location. It is also involved in identifying postures and gestures of other people, and is thus a part of the mirror neuron system.^[2]^[3]

The right portion of the surpramarginal gyrus appears to play a central role in controlling our empathy towards other people. When this structure isn't working properly or when we have to make very quick judgments, our empathy becomes severely limited.^[4] Research has shown that disrupting the neurons in the right supramarginal gyrus causes humans to project our emotions on other, inhibiting our ability to be empathetic. In addition, this disruption also causes people to be more egocentric, mainly because they aren't able to perceive the emotions of those around them.^[5] Both the left and right supramarginal gyri of healthy, right-handed individuals are shown to be active when making phonological word choices.^[6] Individuals who had lesions to the left hemisphere had more difficulty than those with lesions to the right hemisphere, reinforcing the dominance of the left hemisphere in language.

Relationships to Surrounding Structures

The supramarginal gyrus is located just ventral to the angular gyrus allowing these two structures to form a multimodal complex that receives somatosensory, visual, and auditory inputs from the brain.^[7] Although the supramarginal gyrus isn't considered a major portion of the language circuit, it still works with the angular gyrus to attempt to link words with meanings. It is also bound caudally by the lateral sulcus, one of the most prominent structures found in the brain.

References

^ Gazzaniga, M.S., Ivry, R.B. and Mangun, G.R., Cognitive Neuroscience, the Biology of the Mind, third edition, 2009, W.W. Norton, publishers. pgs. 395–401
^ Carlson, N. R. (2012). Physiology of Behavior 11th Edition. Pearson. pp. 83; 268; 273-275‏
^ Reed, C. L., & Caselli, R. J. (1994). The nature of tactile agnosia: a case study. Neuropsychologia, 32(5), 527-539.‏
^ Silani, C. "I'm OK, You're Not OK: Right Supramarginal Gyrus Plays an Important Role in Empathy." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 9 Oct. 2013. Web. 03 July 2014.
^ Singer, Tania. "ARE YOU EGOCENTRIC? CHECK YOUR RIGHT SUPRAMARGINAL GYRUS." Degreed, 28 May 2014. Web. 3 July 2014.
^ Hartwigsen, Gesa. "Phonological Decisions Require Both the Left and Right Supramarginal Gyri." PNAS. National Academy of Sciences, 11 Aug. 2010. Web. 3 July 2014.
^ Dubac, Bruno. "THE BRAIN FROM TOP TO BOTTOM." THE BRAIN FROM TOP TO BOTTOM. McGill, 2002. Web. 03 July 2014.

External links

http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/centraldirectory.aspx?ID=108
http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_10/a_10_cr/a_10_cr_lan/a_10_cr_lan.html

This anatomy article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 失語症患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with aphasia
2. 成人における単極性うつ病：外科的アプローチによる治療 unipolar depression in adults treatment with surgical approaches
3. 成人における精神状態検査 the mental status examination in adults
4. 進行性核上性麻痺（PSP） progressive supranuclear palsy psp
5. 同名半盲 homonymous hemianopia

English Journal

Emotional effect on cognitive control in implicit memory tasks in patients with schizophrenia.

Kim GW1, Yang JC, Jeong GW.
Neuroreport.Neuroreport.2015 Aug 5;26(11):647-55. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000405.
The aim of this study was to reveal a potential effect of emotion on cognitive control in the implicit memory task with emotionally neutral and unpleasant words in healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia using a 3.0 T functional MRI (fMRI). A total of 15 patients with schizophrenia and 15
PMID 26103120

Rub epilepsy in an infant with Turner syndrome.

Magara S1, Kawashima H2, Kobayashi Y2, Akasaka N2, Yamazaki S3, Tohyama J2.
Brain & development.Brain Dev.2015 Aug;37(7):725-8. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.11.004. Epub 2014 Dec 3.
We report a case of infantile refractory epilepsy associated with Turner syndrome (TS), showing very frequent, focal clonic seizures of the left upper extremity. Characteristically, in addition to spontaneous fits, her seizure was inducible by rubbing her left hand and forearm for a few seconds. Acc
PMID 25480382

Simultaneous EEG-fMRI reveals brain networks underlying recognition memory ERP old/new effects.

Hoppstädter M1, Baeuchl C2, Diener C3, Flor H4, Meyer P5.
NeuroImage.Neuroimage.2015 Aug 1;116:112-22. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.026. Epub 2015 May 16.
The mapping of event-related potentials (ERP) on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data remains difficult as scalp electroencephalography (EEG) is assumed to be largely insensitive to deep brain structures. Simultaneous recordings of EEG and fMRI might be helpful in reconciling surface ER
PMID 25988228

Japanese Journal

Neural activities in cortical areas induced by listening to vocalized sentences measured by fMRI : Comparison between inductive and deductive reasoning

Nakayama Yuki,Nozawa Kyohei,Hisano Shohei [他]
聴覚研究会資料 = Proceedings of the auditory research meeting 44(4), 203-207, 2014-05-30
NAID 40020128493

fMRIを用いた聴覚的注意機構の解析

中尾雄太,大西英雄,遠藤優有美,城本修,村中博幸
音声言語医学 55(2), 146-154, 2014
われわれは，音刺激への注意喚起における脳賦活領域を同定するために，fMRI（functional magnetic resonance imaging）を用いて，「聴く」と「聞く」における脳賦活領域を定量的に比較検討した．さらに，自作したソフトウェアを用いてMR画像の賦活領域の体積を算出し，各領域における賦活程度を比較した．聴覚障害を認めない健常成人12名（男性5名，女性7名）に対して，男性話者と …
NAID 130004903369

反復経頭蓋磁気刺激の刺激部位及び頻度が事象関連電位に与える影響

佐藤綾,鳥居徹也,中原由木子,岩橋正国,伊藤裕司,伊良皆啓治
電気学会論文誌. A, 基礎・材料・共通部門誌 = The transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. A, A publication of Fundamentals and Materials Society 133(8), 445-450, 2013-08-01
NAID 10031189023

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「gyrus supramarginalis」「supramarginal convolution」「縁上回」

「gyrus supramarginalis」

Supramarginal gyrus
	Lateral view of a human brain, main gyri labeled.
	Lateral surface of left cerebral hemisphere, viewed from the side. (Supramarginal gyrus shown in orange.)
Details
Latin	Gyrus supramarginalis
Identifiers
Gray's	p.823
NeuroNames	hier-90
NeuroLex ID	Supramarginal gyrus
TA	A14.1.09.131
FMA	61897
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy