stewed

　

WordNet

1. bear a grudge; harbor ill feelings (同)grudge
2. cook slowly and for a long time in liquid; "Stew the vegetables in wine"
3. food prepared by stewing especially meat or fish with vegetables

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. とろ火で煮込んだ,シチューにした / 《英》(お茶が)出すぎた,苦い / 《補語にのみ用いて》《話》酔っぱらった
2. 〈食物〉‘を'『とろ火で煮る』,シチューにする / 《話》…‘の'気をもませる,‘を'いらいらさせる / とろとろに煮える,シチューになる / 《話》やきもきする,気をもむ / 〈C〉〈U〉『シチュー』(肉・野菜などをとろ火で煮込んだ料理) / 〈C〉《話》気をもむこと

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/10/10 15:27:31」(JST)

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For other uses, see Stew (disambiguation).

Stew

A beef stew
Details
Type	Stew
Main ingredient(s)	Vegetables (carrots, potatoes, beans, peppers, tomatoes, etc.), meat (tougher meats such as beef), water or stock or wine or beer

A stew is a combination of solid food ingredients that have been cooked in liquid and served in the resultant gravy. Ingredients in a stew can include any combination of vegetables (such as carrots, potatoes, beans, peppers and tomatoes, etc.), meat, especially tougher meats suitable for slow-cooking, such as beef. Poultry, sausages, and seafood are also used. While water can be used as the stew-cooking liquid, wine, stock, and beer are also common. Seasoning and flavourings may also be added. Stews are typically cooked at a relatively low temperature (simmered, not boiled), allowing flavors to mingle.

Stewing is suitable for the least tender cuts of meat that become tender and juicy with the slow moist heat method. This makes it popular in low-cost cooking. Cuts having a certain amount of marbling and gelatinous connective tissue give moist, juicy stews, while lean meat may easily become dry.

Stews may be thickened by reduction or with flour, either by coating pieces of meat with flour before searing, or by using a roux or beurre manié, a dough consisting of equal parts of butter and flour. Thickeners like cornstarch or arrowroot may also be used.

Stews are similar to soups, and in some cases there may not be a clear distinction between the two. Generally, stews have less liquid than soups, are much thicker and require longer cooking over low heat. While soups are almost always served in a bowl, stews may be thick enough to be served on a plate with the gravy as a sauce over the solid ingredients.

Highland stew, a common Cantabrian dish.

History

Lamb and Lentil Stew

Stews have been made since ancient times. Herodotus says that the Scythians (8th to 4th centuries BC) "put the flesh into an animal's paunch, mix water with it, and boil it like that over the bone fire. The bones burn very well, and the paunch easily contains all the meat once it has been stripped off. In this way an ox, or any other sacrificial beast, is ingeniously made to boil itself."

Amazonian tribes used the shells of turtles as vessels, boiling the entrails of the turtle and various other ingredients in them. Other cultures used the shells of large mollusks (clams etc.) to boil foods in.^{[citation needed]} There is archaeological evidence of these practices going back 8,000 years or more.^{[citation needed]}

There are recipes for lamb stews and fish stews in the Roman cookery book Apicius, believed to date from the 4th century AD. Le Viandier, one of the oldest cookbooks in French, written by the French chef known as Taillevent, has ragouts or stews of various types in it.^{[citation needed]}

Hungarian Goulash dates back to the 9th century Magyar shepherds of the area, before the existence of Hungary. Paprika was added in the 18th century.^{[citation needed]}

The first written reference to 'Irish stew' is in Byron's "The Devil's Drive" (1814): "The Devil ... dined on ... a rebel or so in an Irish stew."^{[citation needed]}

Types of stew

In meat-based stews, white stews, also known as blanquettes or fricassées, are made with lamb or veal that is blanched, or lightly seared without browning, and cooked in stock. Brown stews are made with pieces of red meat that are first seared or browned, before a browned mirepoix, sometimes browned flour, stock and wine are added. These choices of stew are all unique to the individuals' personal stew preference.^{[citation needed]}

List of stews

Irish stew

A traditional bouillabaisse from Marseille, with the fish served separately from the soup

Cochinita pibil, cooling in the pan after cooking

Goulash in a traditional "bogrács"

Dubu jjigae (Korean tofu stew)

Pichelsteiner

Chicken Yahni

• Baeckeoffe, a potato stew from Alsace;
• Barbacoa, a meat stew from Mexico;
• Beef Stroganoff, a stew with beef from Russia
• Bigos, a traditional stew in Polish cuisine;
• Birria, a goat stew from Mexico;
• Bo Kho, (Vietnamese: bò kho), a beef stew in rich seasonings, served with bread, noodle or plain rice from Vietnam;
• Bollito Misto, consisting of beef, veal, and pork simmered in an aromatic vegetable broth from Italy;
• Bourguignon, a French dish of beef stewed in red burgundy wine;
• Booyah, an American meat stew;
• Bouillabaisse, a fish stew from Provence;
• Brunswick stew, from Virginia and the Carolinas;
• Burgoo, a Kentuckian stew;
• Caldeirada, a fish stew from Portugal;
• Carbonade flamande, a traditional Belgian beef and onion stew made with Belgian beer;
• Carnitas, a pork meat stew from Michoacán, Mexico;
• Cassoulet, a French bean stew;
• Cawl, a Welsh stew,
• Chakapuli, Georgian stew made with lamp chops, coriander and tarragon leaves and white wine
• Charquican, a Chilean dish;
• Chankonabe, a Japanese dish flavoured with soy sauce or miso. Chankonabe is traditionally eaten by sumo wrestlers;
• Chicken stew, whole chicken and seasonings;
• Chicken paprikash, chicken stew with paprika;
• Chili con carne, Mexican meat and bean stew;
• Chili sin carne, a meatless American adaptation of the Mexican dish;
• Chilorio, a pork stew from Sinaloa, Mexico;
• Cincinnati chili, chili developed by Greek immigrants in the Cincinnati area;
• Cholent, a slow-cooked Jewish dish eaten on the Shabbat;
• Chorba (also spelt "Shorba"), a stew like soup dish found in various Middle Eastern, Central Asian, South Asian and European cuisines;
• Cochinita pibil, an orange color pork stew from Yucatán, Mexico;
• Cotriade, a fish stew from Brittany;
• Cozido, a traditional Portuguese stew. In Spain, it is called cocido;
• Cream stew, a yōshoku Japanese white stew;
• Daal, the Indian legume stew that has many varieties, a staple food throughout Asia;
• Daube, a French stew made with cubed beef braised in wine, vegetables, garlic, and herbs;
• Dinuguan, pork blood stew from the Philippines;
• Eintopf, (one pot) a German stew that includes a vast number of unlimited ingredients.
• Fabada Asturiana, a Spanish bean and meat stew;
• Feijoada, Brazilian or Portuguese bean stew;
• Fårikål, traditional Norwegian stew with lamb or mutton and white cabbage;
• Főzelék, a thick Hungarian vegetable dish;
• Gaisburger Marsch, a German dish of stewed beef served with Spätzle and potatoes;
• Gheimeh, an Iranian stew with cubed lamb and yellow split peas;
• Ghormeh Sabzi, an Iranian stew with green herbs, dried limes, beans and meat;
• Goulash, a Hungarian meat stew with paprika;
• Gumbo, a Louisiana creole dish;
• Hachee, a Dutch type of stew with wine or vinegar.
• Haleem, a Pakistani lentil and beef stew;
• Hasenpfeffer, a sour, marinated rabbit stew from Germany;
• Hayashi rice, a Japanese dish of beef, onions and mushrooms in red wine and demi-glace sauce, served with rice;
• Irish stew, made with lamb or mutton, potato, onion and parsley
• Ishtu, a curry in Kerala, India made from chicken or mutton, potato, and coconut milk;
• Istrian Stew or yota, or jota, a dish popular in Croatian and Slovenian Istra and NE Italy;
• I-tal Stew, a Rastafarian vegan dish of mostly Caribbean root vegetables and spices;
• Jjigae, a diverse range of Korean stews;
• Kalops, a traditional Swedish beef stew, with onions and carrots, served with potatoes and pickled beets;
• Kare-kare, stewed beef or oxtail and vegetables in peanut sauce from the Philippines;
• Karelian hot pot, from the region of Karelia in eastern Finland;
• Khash, a stew from Armenia and Georgia;
• Khoresht, a variety of Persian stews, often prepared with saffron;
• Kokkinisto, a Greek stew with red meat, in a tomato passata with shallots, cinnamon and other spices;
• Lancashire Hotpot, an English stew;
• Locro, a South American stew (mainly in the Andes region);
• Machanka (Makanka), a Belarus and Ukraine pork stew
• Mechado, a Philippine-style beef stew;
• Moqueca, a Brazilian stew with fish (or shrimp, crab or other seafoods) as its main ingredient;
• Nihari, a Pakistani beef stew made overnight and served for breakfast;
• Nikujaga, a Japanese beef and potato stew;
• Olla podrida, a Spanish red bean stew;
• Pasticada, a Croatian stew from the region of Dalmatia;
• Peperonata, an Italian stew made with peppers;
• Pescado Blanco, a white fish stew from Patzcuaro Michoacán Mexico;
• Pichelsteiner a traditional German stew
• Pörkölt, a Hungarian meat stew resembling goulash, flavoured with paprika;
• Potjiekos, a South African stew;
• Pot au feu, a simple French stew;
• Pozole, a Mexican stew or soup;
• Puchero, a South American and Spanish stew;
• Pulusu, is a form of stew from Andhra Pradesh in India that is typically sour and cooked with tamarind paste;
• Ratatouille, a French vegetable stew;
• Sambar, a thick vegetable stew, from South India;
• Sancocho, a stew from the Caribbean;
• Scouse, a stew commonly eaten by sailors throughout Northern Europe, popular in seaports such as Liverpool;
• The Stew, a stew from La Tour-du-Pin;
• Semur, a typical Indonesian stew with beef or chicken, potatoes, carrots, various spices and kecap manis (sweet soy sauce) from Indonesia;
• Stoofvlees, a Belgian beef stew with beer, mustard and laurel;
• Tagine, a Moroccan stew, named after the conical pot in which it is traditionally cooked and/or served in;
• Tharid, a traditional Arab stew of bread in broth;
• Waterzooi, a Belgian stew;
• Yahni, a Greek (γιαχνί), Turkish, and Persian stew.

See also

• Casserole
• Curry
• Eintopf
• Hot pot
• Jugging
• Nabemono
• Pottage
• Soup

References

External links

English Journal

• Is diabetes patients' knowledge of laboratory tests for monitoring blood glucose levels associated with better glycaemic control?

• Ezenwaka CE1, Okoye O, Esonwune C, Dioka C, Onuoha P, Osuji C, Oguejiofor OC, Meludu SC.Author information 1Department of Para-Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies , St Augustine , Trinidad & Tobago and.AbstractAbstract Aim: To determine if there is any difference in indices of glycaemic control between type-2 diabetes patients who knew the laboratory tests for monitoring blood glucose and their peers who did not know. Methods: Eighty-nine type-2 diabetes patients were studied after an overnight fast. The patients' bio-data, blood pressure, anthropometric indices and baseline biochemical parameters and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured. After a breakfast of stewed boiled rice, a 2-hour postprandial blood glucose was measured and a questionnaire administered. Results: The patients' mean ± SD HbA1c level was 8.6 ± 2.4% and none of the patients knew about HbA1c test for monitoring glycaemic control. Interestingly, patients who knew about fasting blood glucose test had significantly lower HbA1c values than their counterparts who did not know (8.1 ± 2.2 vs. 9.1 ± 2.5%, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Diabetes self-management education incorporating laboratory-based information may assist to prevent poor glycaemic control in developing countries with increasing reports of hyperglycaemic emergencies.
• Archives of physiology and biochemistry.Arch Physiol Biochem.2014 Feb 4. [Epub ahead of print]
• Abstract Aim: To determine if there is any difference in indices of glycaemic control between type-2 diabetes patients who knew the laboratory tests for monitoring blood glucose and their peers who did not know. Methods: Eighty-nine type-2 diabetes patients were studied after an overnight fast. The
• PMID 24494805

• Red meat and cancer risk in a network of case-control studies focusing on cooking practices.

• Di Maso M1, Talamini R, Bosetti C, Montella M, Zucchetto A, Libra M, Negri E, Levi F, La Vecchia C, Franceschi S, Serraino D, Polesel J.Author information 1Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano.AbstractBACKGROUND: Consumption of red meat has been related to increased risk of several cancers. Cooking methods could modify the magnitude of this association, as production of chemicals depends on the temperature and duration of cooking.
• Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO.Ann Oncol.2013 Dec;24(12):3107-12. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdt392. Epub 2013 Oct 11.
• BACKGROUND: Consumption of red meat has been related to increased risk of several cancers. Cooking methods could modify the magnitude of this association, as production of chemicals depends on the temperature and duration of cooking.METHODS: We analyzed data from a network of case-control studies co
• PMID 24121119

• Effects of chitosan, aqueous extract of ginger, onion and garlic on quality and shelf life of stewed-pork during refrigerated storage.

• Cao Y1, Gu W, Zhang J, Chu Y, Ye X, Hu Y, Chen J.Author information 1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.AbstractEffects of 1% or 0.5% chitosan (CHI), 10% or 5% aqueous extract of ginger, onion and garlic (GOG) and their composite solutions (1% CHI+10% GOG, 0.5% CHI+5% GOG) on quality and shelf life of stewed-pork were evaluated. Microbiological (total bacterial count), chemical (pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), peroxide value (POV), 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA)) and sensory characteristics were analysed periodically during refrigerated storage at 4 °C for 12 days. CHI and/or GOG treatments retarded the increases in pH, TVB-N, POV, TBA and total bacterial count. CHI showed better antibacteria but weaker antioxidation than GOG. Composite treatment had possible synergistic effect while the high concentration of composite solution (Mix1) had adverse effect on odour and overall acceptance. Mix2, the diluted solution of Mix1, could be a natural promising preservative for the stewed-pork considering the comprehensive effects of antioxidation, antibacteria and sensory quality, which could extend the shelf life for about 5-6 days.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2013 Dec 1;141(3):1655-60. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.084. Epub 2013 May 7.
• Effects of 1% or 0.5% chitosan (CHI), 10% or 5% aqueous extract of ginger, onion and garlic (GOG) and their composite solutions (1% CHI+10% GOG, 0.5% CHI+5% GOG) on quality and shelf life of stewed-pork were evaluated. Microbiological (total bacterial count), chemical (pH, total volatile basic nitro
• PMID 23870874

Japanese Journal

• 行事食に関する調査研究 第4報

• 山村 涼子,山下 浩子,真谷 智美,高松 幸子
• 久留米信愛女学院短期大学研究紀要 (36), 27-32, 2013-07-01
• … New Year cuisine eaten this year was: traditional cold dishes: 60.2%, soup with rice cakes: 51.5%, gameni (stewed chicken and vegetables): 27.2%, sushi: 10.7%, sashimi/hors d'oeuvres at 6.8% each and spiced sake: 5.8%. …
• NAID 110009591190

• 温野菜と簡単な運動では代謝はあがらない

• 青木 貴子,黒木 由希子
• 岐阜市立女子短期大学研究紀要 62, 63-66, 2012-00-00
• … 1) Eating 100 g of warm vegetable (radish-daikon, carrot-ninjin,and green leaves-komatuna) stewed in Japanese flavor, 2) rise and down step for 3 min with 500 g –weight on each hand, and 3) eating vegetable following rise and down step. …
• NAID 110009594778

• 中学校家庭科における郷土料理を取り入れた調理実習題材の選定--奈良県を例として

• 鈴木 洋子,山崎 翔子,スズキ ヨウコ,ヤマザキ ショウコ,Suzuki Yoko,Yamazaki Shoko
• 奈良教育大学紀要 人文・社会科学 58(1), 139-145, 2009-11-00
• … Ultimately, broiled sardine in Kabayaki sauce, Hamburg steak, and greens dressed in sesame sauce were selected as popular dishes that enhance students' understanding of the cooking properties of daily food as required by school curriculum guidelines, and Japanese persimmon seasoned in vinegar, Nara Noppei (stewed root vegetables and thick tofu), and Cha-Meshi (rice seasoned with tea and grains) were selected as local dishes. …
• NAID 120001814751

Related Links

• stewedの意味 - 英和辞書 - 英語辞書 - goo辞書

stewedとは。意味や和訳。[形]1 とろ火で煮込んだ，シチューにした.2 ((通例叙述))((英略))〈茶が〉出すぎた.3 ((叙述))((略式))へべれけに酔った. - goo英和辞書は14万項目以上を収録し、発音、音声、慣用句、例文が分かる英和辞書です。

• Stewed | Define Stewed at Dictionary.com - Dictionary.com ...

c.1300, "vessel for cooking," from stew (v.). Later "heated room" (late 14c.). The noun meaning "stewed meat with vegetables" is first recorded 1756; Irish stew is attested from 1814. The obsolete slang meaning "brothel" (mid-14c ...

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