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1. 扁桃の蜂巣炎および膿瘍 peritonsillar cellulitis and abscess
2. 連鎖球菌扁桃咽頭炎の治療における抗菌薬不全 antibiotic failure in the treatment of streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis
3. ブドウ球菌性毒素性ショック症候群 staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome
4. 小児における後咽頭部感染 retropharyngeal infections in children
5. 成人における急性副鼻腔炎および鼻副鼻腔炎：臨床症状および診断 acute sinusitis and rhinosinusitis in adults clinical manifestations and diagnosis

Excessive antibiotic prescribing for sore throat and acute bronchitis remains common.

Kuehn BM.
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.JAMA.2013 Nov 27;310(20):2135-6. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.281452.
PMID 24281441

The contribution of group A streptococcal virulence determinants to the pathogenesis of sepsis.

Reglinski M, Sriskandan S.Author information Department of Infectious Disease and Immunity; Imperial College London; London, UK.AbstractStreptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS) is responsible for a wide range of pathologies ranging from mild pharyngitis and impetigo to severe invasive soft tissue infections. Despite the continuing susceptibility of the bacterium to β-lactam antibiotics there has been an unexplained resurgence in the prevalence of invasive GAS infection over the past 30 years. Of particular importance was the emergence of a GAS-associated sepsis syndrome that is analogous to the systemic toxicosis associated with TSST-1 producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Despite being recognized for over 20 years, the etiology of GAS associated sepsis and the streptococcal toxic shock syndrome remains poorly understood. Here we review the virulence factors that contribute to the etiology of GAS associated sepsis with a particular focus on coagulation system interactions and the role of the superantigens in the development of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
Virulence.Virulence.2013 Oct 9;5(1). [Epub ahead of print]
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS) is responsible for a wide range of pathologies ranging from mild pharyngitis and impetigo to severe invasive soft tissue infections. Despite the continuing susceptibility of the bacterium to β-lactam antibiotics there has been an unexplained resur
PMID 24157731

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia associated with Lemierre's syndrome: case report and literature review.

Kizhner V, Samara G, Panesar R, Krespi YP.Author information Department of Otolaryngology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, New York, USA. vkizhner@gmail.comAbstractBACKGROUND: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a growing health concern. Lemierre's syndrome is a septic jugular thrombophlebitis that primarily affects young adults. This paper aimed to identify a possible sub-group of Lemierre's syndrome cases associated with community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
The Journal of laryngology and otology.J Laryngol Otol.2013 Jul;127(7):721-3. doi: 10.1017/S0022215113001035. Epub 2013 May 24.
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a growing health concern. Lemierre's syndrome is a septic jugular thrombophlebitis that primarily affects young adults. This paper aimed to identify a possible sub-group of Lemierre's syndrome cases associated with communi
PMID 23701713