stabbing

　 　

WordNet

1. causing physical or especially psychological injury; "a stabbing remark"; "wounding and false charges of disloyalty" (同)wounding

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (痛みが)突き刺すような,鋭い / しんらつな,痛烈な
2. 陰で中傷する行為

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/21 16:30:39」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

For information relating to stab wounds, see stab wound.

A detail from The Haywain Triptych by Hieronymus Bosch

A stabbing is penetration with a sharp or pointed object at close range. Stab connotes purposeful action, as by an assassin or murderer, but it is also possible to accidentally stab oneself or others. Stabbing differs from slashing or cutting in that the motion of the object used in a stabbing generally moves perpendicular to and directly into the victim's body, rather than being drawn across it.

Stabbings today are common among gangs and in prisons because knives are cheap, easy to acquire (or manufacture), easily concealable and relatively effective.

History

After being attacked and stabbed, empress Elisabeth of Austria boarded a ship, unaware of the severity of her condition as consequence of an acute stress reaction. Bleeding to death from a puncture wound to the heart, Elisabeth's last words were, "What happened to me?"

Stabbings have been common throughout human history and were the means used to assassinate a number of distinguished historical figures, such as Roman emperors Julius Caesar and Caligula.

In Japan, the historical practice of stabbing oneself deliberately in ritual suicide is known as seppuku (more colloquially hara-kiri, literally "belly-cutting" since it involves cutting open the abdomen). The ritual is highly codified, and the person committing suicide is assisted by a "second" who is entrusted to decapitate him cleanly (and thus expedite death and prevent an undignified spectacle) once he has made the abdominal wound.

Mechanism

The human skin has a somewhat elastic property as a self-defense; when the human body is stabbed by a thin object such as a kitchen knife, the skin often closes tightly around the object and closes again if the object is removed, which can trap some blood within the body. It has thus been speculated that the fuller, an elongated concave depression in a metal blade, functions to let blood out of the body in order to cause more damage. This misconception has led to fullers becoming widely known as "blood grooves". The fuller is actually a structural reinforcement of the blade similar in design to a metal I-beam used in construction. However, internal bleeding is just as dangerous as external bleeding; if enough blood vessels are severed to cause serious injury, the skin's elasticity will do nothing to prevent blood from exiting the circulatory system and accumulating uselessly in other parts of the body.

Death from stabbing is caused by shock, severe blood loss, infection, or loss of function of an essential organ such as the heart or lungs.

Medical treatment

Further information: Stab wound

Although previously a victim of abdominal stabbing would be subject to exploratory surgery laparotomy, it is now considered safe not to operate if the patient is stable. In that case, they should be observed for signs of decompensation indication a serious injury. In the event that the patient initially presents stabbing injuries and is unstable, laparotomy should be initiated to discover and rectify any internal injury.

Autopsy Examination

When someone who has sustained a stab wound dies, the body is autopsied and the wound is inspected by a forensic pathologist. Such examination can yield valuable information about the weapon used to produce the injury. From the external appearance and internal findings, the pathologist will usually be able to offer opinion about the dimensions of the weapon including the width and minimum possible length of the blade. It is possible to determine whether the weapon was single edged or double edged.

Sometimes factors like the taper of the blade and movement of knife in the wound can also be determined. Bruises or abrasions may give information about the guard.

References

See also

• Impalement

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人における腹部刺創の初期評価およびマネージメント initial evaluation and management of abdominal stab wounds in adults
• 2. 一次性穿刺様頭痛 primary stabbing headache
• 3. 鈍的または鋭的損傷を受け初期は安定している小児に対するアプローチ approach to the initially stable child with blunt or penetrating injury
• 4. 慢性連日性頭痛の概要 overview of chronic daily headache
• 5. 発作性片側頭痛：臨床的特徴および診断 paroxysmal hemicrania clinical features and diagnosis

English Journal

• Sharp neck injuries in suicidal intention.

• Biétry D1, Exadaktylos A2, Müller T3, Zbären P4, Caversaccio M4, Arnold A4.
• European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.2015 Dec;272(12):3825-31. doi: 10.1007/s00405-014-3471-y. Epub 2014 Dec 28.
• Sharp neck injuries in suicidal intention often present as serious emergency situations with the need for an immediate diagnosis and treatment. We report our study of the clinical evolution of this emergency condition. This study investigates the cases of sharp neck injuries in suicidal intention tr
• PMID 25543307

• Presenting symptoms among premenopausal and postmenopausal women with vulvodynia: a case series.

• Phillips NA1, Brown C, Foster D, Bachour C, Rawlinson L, Wan J, Bachmann G.
• Menopause (New York, N.Y.).Menopause.2015 Dec;22(12):1296-300. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000526.
• OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether there are differences in the clinical presentation of symptoms and vulvar pain ratings in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women with provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) enrolled in a clinical trial, after correcting for estrogen def
• PMID 26325083

• Filarial hydropneumothorax: a strange journey.

• Chakraborty A1, Mukherjee A1, Talukdar P2, Talukdar A1.
• BMJ case reports.BMJ Case Rep.2015 Nov 24;2015. pii: bcr2015209470. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-209470.
• Filarial infection can have varied manifestations, but hydropneumothorax at presentation has not yet been reported. A 28-year-old man presented to our hospital with heaviness of the left chest for the past 10 days, which was preceded by a sudden, short stabbing pain in the left chest after straini
• PMID 26604240

• Injuries can prolong lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster males.

• Henten AM1, Loeschcke V2, Pedersen JG3, Leisner JJ4, Sarup P5,6.
• Biogerontology.Biogerontology.2015 Nov 12. [Epub ahead of print]
• Previous studies have shown that a range of different stresses can increase mean lifespan. Here we investigated the effect of injuries and bacterial inoculation on mean lifespan in lines selected for increased longevity and their controls. The three lines from each selection regime were subjected to
• PMID 26564163

Japanese Journal

• 阿蘇地方の住民によるB29飛行兵殺傷事件に関する一考察

• 藤井 可
• 先端倫理研究 : 熊本大学倫理学研究室紀要 6, 49-63, 2012-03
• … This paper investigated the stabbing incident of downed B29’s soldiers caused by residents in Aso area in Japan (May 5, 1945). …
• NAID 110009452372

• 釣獲されたサワラの船上における致死方法の検討

• 岡本 満,齋藤 寛之
• 日本水産學會誌 = Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 77(6), 1083-1088, 2011-11-15
• 釣獲したサワラの船上における適正な処理方法を検討した。4 種の異なる致死条件（延髄刺殺，脱血，温度ショック，苦悶死）のうち，延髄刺殺区のサワラの背肉が最も破断強度が高く，身割れが小さかった。また，苦悶死区のサワラの肉が最も身割れが大きい傾向が認められた。致死条件によって K 値，乳酸量の差異は認められなかった。以上の結果から，延髄刺殺を行うことで筋肉破断強度の低下を遅延させるとともに身割れを防止で …
• NAID 10029654171

• 穿通性気管気管支損傷(刺創)に対し, 自発呼吸下胸骨正中切開にて修復を行った1例

• 長阪 智,伊藤 秀幸,桑田 裕美,清家 彩子,北沢 伸祐,森田 敬知
• 日本呼吸器外科学会雑誌 = The journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery 25(4), 413-417, 2011-05-15
• 穿通性気管気管支損傷の頻度は非常に稀であるが，致命的な外傷である．今回我々は，自殺目的の刺創による気管気管支損傷に対し，挿管・自発呼吸下に胸骨正中切開にて修復を行い良好な経過をたどった1例を経験した．一般的に，分岐部損傷を認め換気が保てない場合，または人工呼吸器が不可欠の場合，損傷部を超えた片肺換気が必要であり，手術時は後側方切開にての修復術を行うように推奨されている．文献的考察を踏まえ報告する．
• NAID 10029125467

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• stabbingの意味、和訳 - 英和辞典 - コトバンク

/st#509;bi/[形]〈痛みが〉刺すような；〈言葉などが〉しんらつな；心を傷つける. [名][U][C]刺傷（事件）. ... この辞書の凡例を見る 編集主幹：國廣哲彌、安井稔、堀内克明 編集委員：池上嘉彦、大沼雅彦、米須興文 編集顧問：小西友七

• stabbingの意味 - 英和辞書 - goo辞書

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• Stabbing | Define Stabbing at Dictionary.com

He averted a fall only by stabbing an ice ax through the tent floor. We keep walking, and soon the sunlight stabbing through the trees signals a clearing. stabbing aches deep in her bones, where the marrow was ...

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