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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/09/23 01:59:27」(JST)

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Anal sphincterotomy is a surgical procedure that involves treating mucosal fissures from the anal canal/sphincter. The word is formed from sphincter + otomy (to cut, to separate).

Procedure

The surgery can be performed under any kind of anesthesia.
After anesthesia is administered, the area is cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
The sphincter is separated either by simply stretching or cutting. Cutting the muscle prevents spasm and temporarily weakens the muscles. Both methods help the underlying area to heal.
Remove the fissure and any underlying scar tissue.
Suture back the wound.

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2. Anal fissure: Surgical management
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English Journal

Long term outcomes after lateral anal sphincterotomy for anal fissure: a retrospective cohort study.

Davies I1, Dafydd L, Davies L, Beynon J.
Surgery today.Surg Today.2014 Jun;44(6):1032-9. doi: 10.1007/s00595-013-0785-0. Epub 2013 Nov 19.
PURPOSE: Lateral anal sphincterotomy is the gold standard of surgical treatment for anal fissure. Patients undergoing this procedure are warned about the risk of incontinence; however, there are few reports on long-term outcomes. We conducted this study to investigate long-term outcomes after latera
PMID 24241581

Endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation vs endoscopic sphincterotomy for retrieval of common bile duct stones: A meta-analysis.

Jin PP, Cheng JF, Liu D, Mei M, Xu ZQ, Sun LM.
World journal of gastroenterology : WJG.World J Gastroenterol.2014 May 14;20(18):5548-56. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5548.
AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation (EPLBD) with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) in retrieval of common bile duct stones (≥ 10 mm).METHODS: PubMed, Web of Knowledge, EBSCO, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for eligible studies. Rando
PMID 24833886

Endoscopic Minor Papilla Balloon Dilation for the Treatment of Symptomatic Pancreas Divisum.

Yamamoto N1, Isayama H, Sasahira N, Tsujino T, Nakai Y, Miyabayashi K, Mizuno S, Kogure H, Sasaki T, Hirano K, Tada M, Koike K.
Pancreas.Pancreas.2014 May 13. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: A subpopulation of patients with pancreas divisum experience symptomatic events such as recurrent acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis. Minor papilla sphincterotomy has been reported as being an effective treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of e
PMID 24826883