球状赤血球

WordNet

an abnormal spherical red blood cell

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/05/15 00:15:02」(JST)

wiki en

Spherocytosis seen in a peripheral blood smear from a patient with hereditary spherocytosis

Spherocytosis is an auto-hemolytic anemia (a disease of the blood) characterized by the production of red blood cells (RBCs), or erythrocytes, that are sphere-shaped, rather than bi-concave disk shaped. Spherocytes are found in hereditary spherocytosis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.^[1]

It almost always refers to hereditary spherocytosis. This is caused by a molecular defect in one or more of the proteins of the red blood cell cytoskeleton, including, spectrin, ankyrin, Band 3, or Protein 4.2. Because the cell skeleton has a defect, the blood cell contracts to its most surface-tension efficient and least flexible configuration, a sphere. The sphere-shaped red blood cells are known as spherocytes. Though the spherocytes have a smaller surface area through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can be exchanged, they in themselves perform adequately to maintain healthy oxygen supplies. However, they have a high osmotic fragility--when placed into water, they are more likely to burst than normal red blood cells. These cells are more prone to physical degradation.

They are most commonly found in immunologically-mediated hemolytic anemias and in hereditary spherocytosis, but the former would have a positive direct Coombs test and the latter would not. The misshapen but otherwise healthy red blood cells are mistaken by the spleen for old or damaged red blood cells and it thus constantly breaks them down, causing a cycle whereby the body destroys its own blood supply (auto-hemolysis).

The term "non hereditary spherocytosis" is occasionally used, albeit rarely. ^[2]

External links [edit]

A short article from WebMD
A picture of spherocytes from Medline
Hereditary Spherocytosis from Medscape

References [edit]

^ Robert S. Hillman; Kenneth A. Ault; Henry M. Rinder (2005). Hematology in clinical practice: a guide to diagnosis and management. McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 146–. ISBN 978-0-07-144035-6. Retrieved 15 November 2010.
^ Thoma J, Kutter D, Casel S, et al. (2005). "HbSC hemoglobinopathy suspected by chest x-ray and red blood cell morphology". Acta Clin Belg 60 (6): 377–82. PMID 16502600.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 遺伝性球状赤血球症：臨床的特徴、診断および治療 hereditary spherocytosis clinical features diagnosis and treatment
2. 小児における自己免疫性溶血性貧血 autoimmune hemolytic anemia in children
3. 自己免疫性溶血性貧血の病因：温暖凝集素と薬剤 pathogenesis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia warm agglutinins and drugs
4. 遺伝性球状赤血球症：溶血の機序および原因 hereditary spherocytosis mechanism of hemolysis and pathogenesis
5. 自己免疫性溶血性貧血の病因：寒冷凝集素症 pathogenesis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia cold agglutinin disease

English Journal

Screening and confirmation of hereditary spherocytosis in children using a CELL-DYN Sapphire haematology analyser.

Rooney S1, Hoffmann JJ, Cormack OM, McMahon C.
International journal of laboratory hematology.Int J Lab Hematol.2014 Apr 17. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.12245. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Multidimensional optical scatter of sphered erythrocytes can identify and enumerate hyperchromic erythrocytes, which might be used for hereditary spherocytosis (HS) screening. The flow cytometric eosin-5'-maleimide test (EMA) is highly sensitive and specific for HS as a confirmatory me
PMID 24739214

Gas-forming liver abscess associated with rapid hemolysis in a diabetic patient.

Kurasawa M, Nishikido T, Koike J, Tominaga S, Tamemoto H.
World journal of diabetes.World J Diabetes.2014 Apr 15;5(2):224-9. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i2.224.
We experienced a case of liver abscess due to Clostridium perfringens (CP) complicated with massive hemolysis and rapid death in an adequately controlled type 2 diabetic patient. The patient died 6 h after his first visit to the hospital. CP was later detected in a blood culture. We searched for cas
PMID 24748935

Critical values in Hematology.

McFarlane A1, Aslan B, Raby A, Bourner G, Padmore R.
International journal of laboratory hematology.Int J Lab Hematol.2014 Apr 2. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.12226. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Critical values are life-threatening results that require immediate notification to the patient's healthcare provider. Accreditation bodies require laboratories to establish critical values. A survey of Ontario laboratories was conducted to determine current practice for critical value
PMID 24690478

Japanese Journal

Finite Element Method Analysis of the Deformation of Human Red Blood Cells(<Special Issue>Macro-, Micro-, Meso-, and Nano-scopic Strength of Materials Relating to Microstructures)

Higuchi Rie,Kanno Yoshinori
JSME international journal. Series A, Solid mechanics and material engineering 49(3), 331-336, 2006-07-15
… An erythrocyte and a spherocyte are subjected to aspiration pressure with a micropipette and analyzed by the finite element method (FEM). … The comparison of the erythrocyte and the spherocyte indicates that the y-direction displacement of the erythrocyte was larger than that of the spherocyte under the same aspiration pressure. …
NAID 110004798967

922 粒子法を用いた3次元流路を流れる赤血球の変形シミュレーション(OS-9E,OS-9 メッシュフリー/粒子法)

田中正幸,越塚誠一
計算力学講演会講演論文集 2005(18), 591-592, 2005-11-17
NAID 110006214083

強磁場下で観測した低浸透圧中の赤血球沈降速度

飯野正昭,奥田雄一
日本バイオレオロジー学会誌(B&R) = Journal of Japanese Society of Biorheology 13(2), 94-97, 1999-06-30
… ESR of spherocyte in plasma solution was significantly greater than that in saline solution. …
NAID 10002622343