spermatocele

Spermatocele
	Classification and external resources
	Ultrasound of a testicle (grey) and a spermatocele (black).
ICD-10	N43.4
ICD-9	608.1
DiseasesDB	31243
MeSH	D013088

精液瘤

WordNet

a swelling on the epididymis or the testis; usually contains spermatozoa

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/09/17 21:19:08」(JST)

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Spermatocele (/spɜrˈmætəsiːl/^[1]^[2]) is a retention cyst of a tubule of the rete testis or the head of the epididymis distended with barely watery fluid that contains spermatozoa. Spermatoceles are the most common cystic condition encountered within the scrotum.^{[citation needed]} They vary in size from several millimeters to many centimeters. Spermatoceles are generally not painful. However, some men may experience discomfort from larger spermatoceles. They are harmless.

Etiology

Spermatoceles can originate as diverticulum from the tubules found in the head of the epididymis. Sperm formation gradually causes the diverticulum to increase in size, causing a spermatocele. They are due to continuity between the epididymis and tunica vaginalis.
They are also believed to result from epididymitis or physical trauma. Scarring, of any part of the epididymis, can cause it to become obstructed and may form a spermatocele. It can also result from vasectomy.

Diagnosis

Micrograph of a spermatocele. The characteristic sperm are present (black dots - left of image). H&E stain.

Spermatoceles can be discovered as incidental scrotal masses found on physical examination by a physician. They may also be discovered by self-inspection of the scrotum and testicles.

Finding a painless, cystic mass at the head of the epididymis, that transilluminates and can be clearly differentiated from the testicle, is generally sufficient. If uncertainty exists, ultrasonography of the scrotum can confirm if it is spermatocele.

If an individual finds what they suspect to be a spermatocele, they are advised to consult a urologist.

Treatment

Small cysts are best left alone, as are larger cysts that are an asymptomatic condition. Only when the cysts are causing discomfort and are enlarging in size, or the patient wants the spermatocele removed, should a spermatocelectomy be considered. Pain may persist even after removal.

Spermatocelectomy can be performed on an outpatient basis, with the use of local or general anesthesia.

A spermatocelectomy will not improve fertility.

References

^ Entry "spermatocele" in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
^ OED 2nd edition, 1989.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人男性における非急性陰嚢疾患の評価 evaluation of nonacute scrotal pathology in adult men
2. 小児および思春期における無痛性陰嚢腫脹の原因 causes of painless scrotal swelling in children and adolescents
3. 小児および思春期における陰嚢痛または腫脹の評価 evaluation of scrotal pain or swelling in children and adolescents
4. 鼠径ヘルニアおよび大腿ヘルニアの分類、臨床症状、および診断 classification clinical features and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults
5. 精巣胚細胞腫瘍の臨床症状、診断、および病期分類 clinical manifestations diagnosis and staging of testicular germ cell tumors

English Journal

Spermatocele in a South african boerboel dog.

Hesser AC1, Davidson AP2.
Topics in companion animal medicine.Top Companion Anim Med.2015 Mar;30(1):28-30. doi: 10.1053/j.tcam.2015.03.001. Epub 2015 Mar 7.
A 2-year-old intact male South African Boerboel presented for semen cryopreservation and was discovered to be azoospermic. The dog had excellent libido and had sired litters within 6 months, so a further investigation of why his collection lacked sperm was warranted. On further examination of his sc
PMID 26041595

Routine pathology evaluation of hydrocele and spermatocele specimens is associated with significant costs and no identifiable benefit.

Shah VS1, Nepple KG1, Lee DK2.
The Journal of urology.J Urol.2014 Oct;192(4):1179-82. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.04.085. Epub 2014 Apr 25.
PURPOSE: Hydrocelectomy and spermatocelectomy are routine scrotal surgeries. A significant number of the surgical specimens are sent for pathology analysis. However, to our knowledge no study has been done to examine outcomes and necessity, which results in significant potentially unnecessary costs
PMID 24768992

Pathology: clinical benefit of scrotal specimen analysis questioned.

Payton S.
Nature reviews. Urology.Nat Rev Urol.2014 Jun;11(6):304. doi: 10.1038/nrurol.2014.115. Epub 2014 May 20.
PMID 24841168

Japanese Journal

急性陰嚢症を契機に発見された陰嚢内腫瘤の2例

竹下英毅,千葉浩司,北山沙知 [他],野呂彰
日本泌尿器科學會雜誌 99(6), 698-702, 2008-09-20
急性陰嚢症を契機に見つかった陰嚢内腫瘤の2症例を経験したので報告する.症例1)15歳男性.突然の右陰嚢痛あり来院.右精索捻転症を疑い,緊急手術を行った.手術所見では,有茎の精液瘤の捻転を認めた.精液瘤切除を行った.症例2)25歳男性.突然の左陰嚢痛あり来院.左精索捻転症が疑われ,徒手整復を行い疼痛軽快した.徒手整復後も陰嚢腫大が続くため,精巣摘除も考慮し手術を施行した.術中左精巣の異常な硬結を触知 …
NAID 110006935717

両側陰嚢水腫を併発し著明な陰嚢腫大を呈した両側精液瘤の1例

三塚浩二,江里口智大,嶋田修一 [他],Kato Shin-nosuke
泌尿器科紀要 53(10), 729-731, 2007-10
… Bilateral spermatocele is very rare; … moreover, this is the first report of bilateral spermatocele concurrent with bilateral hydrocele. …
NAID 120001177930