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南へ(に) / 南の;南へ向かう / 南方・南部

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/26 04:55:31」(JST)

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A 16-point compass rose with south at the bottom.

South is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. It is one of the four cardinal directions or compass points. South is the polar opposite of north and is perpendicular to east and west.

Etymology

The word south comes from Old English sūþ, from earlier Proto-Germanic *sunþaz ("south"), possibly related to the same Proto-Indo-European root that the word sun derived from.

Navigation

By convention, the bottom side of a map is south, although reversed maps exist that defy this convention.^[1] To go south using a compass for navigation, set a bearing or azimuth of 180°. Alternatively, in the Northern Hemisphere the Sun will be roughly in the south at midday.^[2]

South Pole

True south is the direction towards the southern end of the axis about which the earth rotates, called the South Pole. The South Pole is located in Antarctica. Magnetic south is the direction towards the south magnetic pole, some distance away from the south geographic pole.^[3]

Roald Amundsen, from Norway, was the first to reach the south pole, on 14 December 1911, after Ernest Shackleton from the UK was forced to turn back some distance short.^[4]

Geography

The Global South refers to the socially and economically less-developed southern half of the globe. 95% of the Global North has enough food and shelter, and a functioning education system.^[5] In the South, on the other hand, only 5% of the population has enough food and shelter. It "lacks appropriate technology, it has no political stability, the economies are disarticulated, and their foreign exchange earnings depend on primary product exports."^[5]

Use of the term 'South' may also be country-relative, particularly in cases of noticeable economic or cultural divide - for example the Southern United States, separated from the Northeastern United States by the Mason–Dixon line, or the South of England, which is politically and economically unmatched with all of the North of England.

Other uses

In the card game bridge, one of the players is known for scoring purposes as South. South partners with North and plays against East and West.^[6]

In fiction and popular culture

Corsair, a race of men from Umbar in the Lord of the Rings.
Pandarian, a race of pandas from the continent Pandaria in the World of Warcraft.

In non-fiction

In Greek religion, Notos, was the south wind and bringer of the storms of late summer and autumn.

References

^ "The Upsidedown Map Page". flourish.org. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
^ "How to use a compass". Learn Orienteering. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
^ "Geomagnetism Frequently Asked Questions". National Geophysical Data Center. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
^ "Roald Amundsen". Public Broadcasting Service. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
^ ^a ^b Mimiko, Oluwafemi (2012). Globalization: The Politics of Global Economic Relations and International Business. Carolina Academic. p. 47.
^ Francis, Henry G., Editor-in-Chief; Truscott, Alan F., Executive Editor; Francis, Dorthy A., Editor, Sixth Edition (2001). The Official Encyclopedia of Bridge (6th ed.). Memphis, TN: American Contract Bridge League. p. 81. ISBN 0-943855-44-6. OCLC 49606900.

External links

The dictionary definition of south at Wiktionary

English Journal

Galápagos hydroclimate of the Common Era from paired microalgal and mangrove biomarker 2H/1H values.

Nelson DB1, Sachs JP2.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2016 Mar 14. pii: 201516271. [Epub ahead of print]
Tropical maritime precipitation affects global atmospheric circulation, influencing storm tracks and the size and location of subtropical deserts. Paleoclimate evidence suggests centuries-long changes in rainfall in the tropical Pacific over the past 2,000 y, but these remain poorly characterized ac
PMID 26976574

Atlantic SSTs control regime shifts in forest fire activity of Northern Scandinavia.

Drobyshev I1,2, Bergeron Y2, Vernal Ad3, Moberg A4, Ali AA5, Niklasson M1.
Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2016 Mar 4;6:22532. doi: 10.1038/srep22532.
Understanding the drivers of the boreal forest fire activity is challenging due to the complexity of the interactions driving fire regimes. We analyzed drivers of forest fire activity in Northern Scandinavia (above 60 N) by combining modern and proxy data over the Holocene. The results suggest that
PMID 26940995

Radioactive cesium dynamics derived from hydrographic observations in the Abukuma River Estuary, Japan.

Kakehi S1, Kaeriyama H2, Ambe D2, Ono T2, Ito S3, Shimizu Y2, Watanabe T4.
Journal of environmental radioactivity.J Environ Radioact.2016 Mar;153:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.11.015. Epub 2015 Dec 14.
Large quantities of radioactive materials were released into the air and the ocean as a result of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, caused by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and the subsequent major tsunami off the Pacific coast. There is much concern about radioactive contamin
PMID 26698826

Japanese Journal

Simulation of high concentration of iron in dense shelf water in the Okhotsk Sea

Uchimoto Keisuke,Nakamura Tomohiro,Nishioka Jun,Mitsudera Humio,Misumi Kazuhiro,Tsumune Daisuke,Wakatsuchi Masaaki
Progress in Oceanography 126, 194-210, 2014-08
… The model represented characteristic features reasonably well, such as high iron concentration in the dense shelf water (DSW) and its mixing, which extends southward in the intermediate layer from the northwestern shelf along Sakhalin Island and finally flows into the Pacific. …
NAID 120005460253

Decadal sea-level variability along the coast of Japan in response to ocean circulation changes

Sasaki Yoshi N.,Minobe Shoshiro,Miura Yuji
Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans 119(1), 266-275, 2014-01-16
… The first SVD mode reveals that the northward shifts of the Kuroshio Extension (KE) jet and the Kuroshio southeast of Japan accompany the coastal sea-level rise in the early 2000s and 2010, and their southward shifts accompany the coastal sea-level fall in the late 1990s and the late 2000s. …
NAID 120005457011

Southward Move, Transnational Community, and Hurricanes : The Circum-Caribbean World in Their Eyes Were Watching God (特集北アメリカの文学 : 柴田元幸教授退官記念号)

井上正子
れにくさ = Реникса : 現代文芸論研究室論集 (5), 14-32, 2014
NAID 40020015439

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