sorting

• 選別、並び替え、ソーティング

関

cull、filter、filtering、screen、screening、sort

　

WordNet

1. grouping by class or kind or size
2. project onto a screen for viewing; "screen a film"
3. a covering that serves to conceal or shelter something; "a screen of trees afforded privacy"; "under cover of darkness"; "the brush provided a covert for game"; "the simplest concealment is to match perfectly the color of the background" (同)cover, covert, concealment
4. the display that is electronically created on the surface of the large end of a cathode-ray tube (同)CRT screen
5. a white or silvered surface where pictures can be projected for viewing (同)silver_screen, projection screen
6. a protective covering consisting of netting; can be mounted in a frame; "they put screens in the windows for protection against insects"; "a metal screen protected the observers"
7. partition consisting of a decorative frame or panel that serves to divide a space
8. prevent from entering; "block out the strong sunlight" (同)block_out
9. examine in order to test suitability; "screen these samples"; "screen the job applicants" (同)screen out, sieve, sort
10. test or examine for the presence of disease or infection; "screen the blood for the HIV virus" (同)test
11. examine methodically; "screen the suitcases"
12. an operation that segregates items into groups according to a specified criterion; "the bottleneck in mail delivery is the process of sorting" (同)sorting
13. an approximate definition or example; "she wore a sort of magenta dress"; "she served a creamy sort of dessert thing"
14. a person of a particular character or nature; "what sort of person is he?"; "hes a good sort"
15. remove by passing through a filter; "filter out the impurities" (同)filtrate, strain, separate out, filter out
16. an electrical device that alters the frequency spectrum of signals passing through it
17. device that removes something from whatever passes through it
18. fabric of metal or plastic mesh
19. testing objects or persons in order to identify those with particular characteristics
20. the display of a motion picture (同)showing, viewing
21. remove something that has been rejected; "cull the sick members of the herd"
22. the person or thing that is rejected or set aside as inferior in quality (同)reject
23. an algorithm for sorting a list

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (わくのついた)『金網』,網戸 / 『ついたて』,びょうぶ / 『隠すもの』,遮蔽(しゃへい)物,保護物 / (映画・スライドの)映写幕,スクリーン / (テレビなどの)映像スクリーン / 《the screen》《集合的に》映画[産業];映画界 / (じゃり・砂などの)ふるい / …‘に'網戸をつける,金網を付ける / 《しばしば受動態で》…‘を'『隠す』,保護する / (…から)…‘を'仕切る《+『off』+『名』(+『名』+『out』)+『from』+『名』》 / 〈じゃり・砂など〉‘を'ふるいにかける / (ふるいにかけるように)…‘を'除去する,濾過(ろか)する《+『out』+『名』,+『名』+『out』》 / 《しばしば受動態で》…‘を'えり分ける,選別(選抜)する / 《通例受動態で》〈映画〉‘を'上映する
2. 『種類』,部類(kind) / 性格,性質,タイプ / 《おもに英話》《単数形で》(ある)種類の人 / …‘を'分類する,区分けする;えり分ける,選び出す《+『名』+『out,』+『out』+『名』》
3. 『ろ過器』,ろ過装置;ろ過用材料(布・紙・木炭・砂など) / (写真の)フィルター / 〈液体・気体〉‘を'『ろ過する』,こす;…‘を'ろ過して取る / ゆっくり進む(通る)
4. 映写,上映 / (志願者などを)選抜すること
5. 〈花など〉'を'摘む / 〈最上のもの〉'を'選び取る / 〈粗悪なもの〉'を'淘汰(とうた)する,〈劣っているもの〉'を'えり分けて殺す / えり出された劣等品(きず物の果物など)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/19 21:45:37」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For the sorting of sediment, see Sorting (sediment).

On Wikipedia, SORTKEY may refer to Wikipedia:SORTKEY.

Sorting type

Sorting is any process of arranging items according to a certain sequence or in different sets, and therefore, it has two common, yet distinct meanings:

1. ordering: arranging items of the same kind, class or nature, in some ordered sequence,
2. categorizing: grouping and labeling items with similar properties together (by sorts).

Sorting information or data

In computer science, sorting is one of the most extensively researched subjects because of the need to speed up the operation on thousands or millions of records during a search operation; see sorting algorithm.

The main purpose of sorting information is to optimise its usefulness for specific tasks. In general, there are two ways of grouping information: by category e.g. a shopping catalogue where items are compiled together under headings such as 'home', 'sport & leisure', 'women's clothes' etc. (nominal scale) and by the intensity of some property, such as price, e.g. from the cheapest to most expensive (ordinal scale). Richard Saul Wurman, in his book Information Anxiety, proposes that the most common sorting purposes are name, by location and by time (these are actually special cases of category and hierarchy). Together these give the acronym LATCH (Location, Alphabetical, Time, Category, Hierarchy) and can be used to describe just about every type of ordered information.

Often information is sorted using different methods at different levels of abstraction: e.g. the UK telephone directories which are sorted by location, by category (business or residential) and then alphabetically. New media still subscribe to these basic sorting methods: e.g. a Google search returns a list of web pages in a hierarchical list based on its own scoring system for how closely they match the search criteria (from closest match downwards).

The opposite of sorting, rearranging a sequence of items in a random or meaningless order, is called shuffling.

For sorting, either a weak order, "should not come after", can be specified, or a strict weak order, "should come before" (specifying one defines also the other, the two are the complement of the inverse of each other, see operations on binary relations). For the sorting to be unique, these two are restricted to a total order and a strict total order, respectively.

Sorting n-tuples (depending on context also called e.g. records consisting of fields) can be done based on one or more of its components. More generally objects can be sorted based on a property. Such a component or property is called a sort key.

For example, the items are books, the sort key is the title, subject or author, and the order is alphabetical.

A new sort key can be created from two or more sort keys by lexicographical order. The first is then called the primary sort key, the second the secondary sort key, etc.

For example, addresses could be sorted using the city as primary sort key, and the street as secondary sort key.

If the sort key values are totally ordered, the sort key defines a weak order of the items: items with the same sort key are equivalent with respect to sorting. See also stable sorting. If different items have different sort key values then this defines a unique order of the items.

Workers sorting parcels in a postal facility

A standard order is often called ascending (corresponding to the fact that the standard order of numbers is ascending, i.e. A to Z, 0 to 9), the reverse order descending (Z to A, 9 to 0). For dates and times, ascending means that earlier values precede later ones e.g. 1/1/2000 will sort ahead of 1/1/2001.

Physical sorting processes

A railroad classification yard, used for sorting freight cars

Various sorting tasks are essential in industrial processes. For example, during the extraction of gold from ore, a device called a shaker table uses gravity, vibration, and flow to separate gold from lighter materials in the ore (sorting by size and weight). Sorting is also a naturally occurring process that results in the concentration of ore or sediment. Sorting results from the application of some criterion or differential stressor to a mass to separate it into its components based on some variable quality. Materials that are different, but only slightly so, such as the isotopes of uranium, are very difficult to separate.

Optical sorting is an automated process of sorting solid products using cameras and/or lasers and has widespread use in the food industry.

See also

• Collation
• Sorting algorithm
• Unicode collation algorithm
• Organizing

External links

• Demonstration of Sorting Algorithms (includes bubble and quicksort)
• Animated video explaining bubble sort and quick sort and compares their performance.

UpToDate Contents

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• SORTING

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Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「sort」「選別」「screen」「screening」「filter」
拡張検索	「protein sorting signal」「fluorescence-activated cell sorting」「sorting signal」

「sort」

　　[★]

• v.

• 選別する、分別する、識別する、分類する、局在化する

• n.

• 種類

関

assortment、categorization、categorize、category、class、classification、classifier、classify、cull、discern、discernment、discriminate、discrimination、distinguish、filter、filtering、fractional、fractionate、group、grouping、identification、kind、localisation、localise、localization、localize、pattern、screen、screening、separate、separation、sorting、systematization、typing

　 　 　 　

「選別」

　　[★]

英

screening、sorting、filtering、screen、sort、filter、cull

関

局在化、検診、識別、種類、スクリーニング、スクリーン、フィルタ、フィルター、フィルタリング、ふるい分け、分類、ろ過、濾過、遮蔽、分別、ソーティング、並び替え

「screen」

　　[★]

• n.

• スクリーン

• v.

• 選別する、スクリーニングする、遮蔽する

関

cull、filter、filtering、insulate、insulation、mask、masking、screening、shield、shielding、sort、sorting

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「screening」

　　[★]

• n.

• スクリーニング、選別、ふるい分け、検診

関

cull、filter、filtering、mass screening、medical check-up、medical examination、screen、sort、sorting

　 　 　 　

「filter」

　　[★]

• フィルター、濾過する、選別する

関

cull、filtering、filtrate、filtration、leach、screen、screening、sort、sorting

　 　 　 　

「protein sorting signal」

　　[★]

• タンパク質局在化シグナル

関

leader peptide、signal peptide、signal sequence

「fluorescence-activated cell sorting」

　　[★]

関

Flow cytometry, FACS

関

Flow cytometry, FACS

「sorting signal」

　　[★]

• 局在化シグナル

関

localization signal