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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/11/25 23:04:06」(JST)
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This article needs more medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the article and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be removed. (October 2012) |
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| Gynecologic ultrasonography |
| Intervention |
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Left hydrosalpinx on gyn. ultrasonography
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| ICD-9-CM |
88.76, 88.79 |
| OPS-301 code: |
3-05d |
Gynecologic ultrasonography or gynecologic sonography refers to the application of medical ultrasonography to the female pelvic organs (specifically the uterus, the ovaries, and the Fallopian tubes) as well as the bladder, the adnexa, and the Pouch of Douglas. The procedure may lead to other medically relevant findings in the pelvis.
Contents
- 1 Routes
- 2 Applications
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Routes
Device for both vaginal ultrasonography and abdominal ultrasonography.
Transvaginal ultrasonography to check the location of an intrauterine device (IUD).
The examination can be performed by transabdominal ultrasonography, generally with a full bladder which acts as an acoustic window to achieve better visualization of pelvis organs, or by transvaginal ultrasonography with a specifically designed vaginal transducer. Transvaginal imaging utilizes a higher frequency imaging, which gives better resolution of the ovaries, uterus and endometrium (the fallopian tubes are generally not seen unless distended), but is limited to depth of image penetration, whereas larger lesions reaching into the abdomen are better seen transabdominally. Having a full bladder for the transabdominal portion of the exam is helpful because sound travels through fluid with less attenuation to better visualize the uterus and ovaries which lies posteriorly to the bladder. The procedure is by definition invasive when performed transvaginally. Scans are performed by health care professionals called sonographers, or gynecologists trained in ultrasound.
Applications
Gynecologic sonography is used extensively:
- to assess pelvic organs,
- to diagnose acute appendicitis[1]
- to diagnose and manage gynecologic problems including endometriosis, leiomyoma, adenomyosis, ovarian cysts and lesions,
- to identify adnexal masses, including ectopic pregnancy,
- to diagnose gynecologic cancer
- in infertility treatments to track the response of ovarian follicles to fertility medication (i.e. Pergonal). However, it often underestimates the true ovarian volume.[2]
Through transvaginal sonography ovarian cysts can be aspirated. This technique is also used in transvaginal oocyte retrieval to obtain human eggs (oocytes) through sonographic directed transvaginal puncture of ovarian follicles in IVF.
Gynecologic ultrasonography is sometimes overused when it is used to screen for ovarian cancer in women who are not at risk for this cancer.[3] There is consensus that women with only average risk for ovarian cancer should not be screened with this procedure for cancer.[3]
Sonohysterography is a specialized procedure by which fluid, usually sterile saline, is installed into the uterine cavity, and gynecologic sonography performed at the same time. The procedure delineates intrauterine pathology such as polyps, Asherman's syndrome, uterine malformations or submucous leiomyoma.
See also
- Gynography
- Gynoroentgenology
- Obstetric ultrasonography
- Sonosalpingography
References
- ^ Caspi, B.; Zbar, AP.; Mavor, E.; Hagay, Z.; Appelman, Z. (Mar 2003). "The contribution of transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: an observational study.". Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 21 (3): 273–6. doi:10.1002/uog.72. PMID 12666223.
- ^ Rosendahl M, Ernst E, Rasmussen PE, Yding Andersen C (December 2008). "True ovarian volume is underestimated by two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound measurement". Fertil. Steril. 93 (3): 995–998. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.10.055. PMID 19108822.
- ^ a b American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question, Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation (American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists), retrieved August 1, 2013 , which cites
- "Screening for Ovarian Cancer: Recommendation Statement". The Annals of Family Medicine 2 (3): 260–262. 2004. doi:10.1370/afm.200. edit
- Lin, Kenneth; Barton, Mary B. (April 2012), Screening for Ovarian Cancer - Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Reaffirmation Recommendation Statement, AHRQ Publication No. 12-05165-EF-3 (United States Preventive Services Task Force), retrieved 30 August 2013
- Partridge, E.; Greenlee, A. R.; Xu, R. T.; Kreimer, C.; Williams, J. L.; Riley, T. R.; Reding, B.; Church, C. C.; Kessel, J. L.; Johnson, C.; Hill, G. L.; Fouad, S.; Buys, L. R.; Isaacs, S. S.; Andriole, T.; Ogden, S.; Chia, D.; Ragard, L. R.; Prorok, P. C.; Gohagan, J. K.; Berg, C. D. (2009). "Results from four rounds of ovarian cancer screening in a randomized trial". Obstetrics and gynecology 113 (4): 775–782. doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e31819cda77. PMC 2728067. PMID 19305319. edit
- American College of Obstetricians; Gynecologists Committee on Gynecologic Practice (2011). "Committee Opinion No. 477: The Role of the Obstetrician–Gynecologist in the Early Detection of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer". Obstetrics & Gynecology 117 (3): 742–746. doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e31821477db. PMID 21343791. edit
External links
- Information about Sonography
- Medical testing : Medical imaging
- Radiology
- (ICD-9-CM V3 87–88, ICD-10-PCS B, CPT 70010–79999)
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X-ray/
medical radiography/
Industrial radiography |
| 2D |
| Medical: |
- Pneumoencephalography
- Dental radiography
- Sialography
- Myelography
- CXR
- AXR
- KUB
- DXA/DXR
- Upper gastrointestinal series/Small-bowel follow-through/Lower gastrointestinal series
- Cholangiography/Cholecystography
- Mammography
- Pyelogram
- Cystography
- Arthrogram
- Hysterosalpingography
- Skeletal survey
- Angiography
- Angiocardiography
- Aortography
- Venography
- Lymphogram
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| Industrial: |
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| 3D / XCT |
| Medical: |
- CT pulmonary angiogram
- Computed tomography of the heart
- Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis
- CT angiography
- Computed tomography of the head
- Quantitative computed tomography
- Spiral computed tomography
- High resolution CT
- Whole body imaging
- Electron beam tomography
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| Industrial: |
- Industrial computed tomography
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| Other |
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| MRI |
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain
- MR neurography
- Cardiac MRI/Cardiac MRI perfusion
- MR angiography
- MR cholangiopancreatography
- Breast MRI
- Functional MRI
- Diffusion MRI
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| Ultrasound |
- Echocardiography
- Doppler echocardiography
- Intravascular
- Gynecologic
- Obstetric
- Echoencephalography
- Transcranial Doppler
- Abdominal ultrasonography
- Transrectal
- Breast ultrasound
- Transscrotal ultrasound
- Carotid ultrasonography
- Contrast-enhanced
- 3D ultrasound
- Endoscopic ultrasound
- Emergency ultrasound
- FAST
- Pre-hospital ultrasound
- Duplex
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| Radionuclide |
| 2D / scintigraphy |
- Cholescintigraphy
- Scintimammography
- Ventilation/perfusion scan
- Radionuclide ventriculography
- Radionuclide angiography
- Radioisotope renography
- Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy
- Radioactive iodine uptake test
- Bone scintigraphy
- Immunoscintigraphy
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| full body: |
- Octreotide scan
- Gallium 67 scan
- Indium-111 WBC scan
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| 3D / ECT |
- SPECT
- gamma ray: Myocardial perfusion imaging
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| PET (positron): |
- Brain PET
- Cardiac PET
- PET mammography
- PET-CT
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| Optical laser |
- Optical tomography
- Optical coherence tomography
- Confocal microscopy
- Endomicroscopy
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| Thermography |
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Female genital surgical and other procedures (gynecological surgery) (ICD-9-CM V3 65–71, ICD-10-PCS 0U)
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| Adnexa |
| Ovaries |
- Oophorectomy
- Salpingoophorectomy
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| Fallopian tubes |
- Falloposcopy
- Salpingectomy
- Tubal ligation
- Essure
- Tubal reversal
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| Uterus |
| general: |
- Hysterectomy
- Hysterotomy
- Pelvic exenteration
- Uterine artery embolization
- Transplantation
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| uterine cavity: |
- Hysteroscopy
- Vacuum aspiration
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| endometrium: |
- Endometrial biopsy
- Endometrial ablation
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| myometrium: |
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| cervix: |
- Colposcopy
- Cervical conization
- Cervical cerclage
- Cervical screening (pap test)
- Cervicectomy
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| Vagina |
- Vaginectomy
- Culdoscopy
- Culdocentesis
- Hymenotomy
- Colpocleisis
- Hymenorrhaphy
- Vaginal wet mount
- Vaginal transplantation
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| Vulva |
- Vulvectomy
- Female genital mutilation
- Labiaplasty
- Clitoral hood reduction
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| Medical imaging |
- Gynecologic ultrasonography
- Hysterosalpingography
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noco/cong/npls, sysi/epon
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proc/asst, drug (G1/G2B/G3CD)
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UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- AIUM Practice Guideline for the Performance of Sonohysterography.
- Guideline developed in collaboration with the American College of Radiology; American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound.
- Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine.J Ultrasound Med.2015 Aug;34(8):1-6. doi: 10.7863/ultra.34.8.15.13.0005.
- PMID 26206817
- Risk Factors Associated with the Malignant Changes of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Endometrial Polyps in Premenopausal Women.
- Elfayomy AK1, Soliman BS2.
- Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India.J Obstet Gynaecol India.2015 May;65(3):186-92. doi: 10.1007/s13224-014-0576-6. Epub 2014 Jun 1.
- OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of premalignant and malignant lesions of symptomatic and asymptomatic endometrial polyps among premenopausal women and to verify whether different clinical parameters, and polyp volume and number are associated with a more precise estimate of ma
- PMID 26085741
- Diagnostic accuracy of saline infusion sonography in the evaluation of uterine cavity abnormalities prior to assisted reproductive techniques: a systematic review and meta-analyses.
- Seshadri S1, El-Toukhy T2, Douiri A3, Jayaprakasan K4, Khalaf Y2.
- Human reproduction update.Hum Reprod Update.2015 Mar-Apr;21(2):262-74. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmu057. Epub 2014 Dec 10.
- BACKGROUND: The diagnostic accuracy of a 2-D transvaginal scan, which is commonly employed to evaluate the regularity and shape of the uterine cavity in subfertile women, is relatively poor compared with other diagnostic modalities like saline infusion sonography (SIS) or hysteroscopy. SIS is a mini
- PMID 25505226
Japanese Journal
- ISP-3-6 Evaluation of Cesarean hysterotomy scar of single-layer interrupted suture by saline contrast sonohysterography(Group 3 Perinatology 3,IS Poster,International Session)
- 既往帝王切開創瘢痕部妊娠後の挙児希望症例に対し腹腔鏡下子宮形成術を施行した一例
- 日本産科婦人科内視鏡學會雜誌 = The journal of the Japan Endoscopy Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology 28(1), 353-357, 2012-08-01
- NAID 10031121788
Related Links
- Current and accurate information for patients about sonohysterography - also called ultrasound of the uterus or saline infusion sonography. Learn what you might experience, how to prepare for the exam, benefits, risks and much more.
- Sonohysterography is a specialized procedure by which fluid, usually sterile saline, is installed into the uterine cavity, and gynecologic sonography performed at the same time. The procedure delineates intrauterine pathology such, ...
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