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Schematic of micellar solubilization of fatty substance in water with the use of a dispersant

Micellar solubilization (solubilization) is the process of incorporating the solubilizate (the component that undergoes solublization) into or onto micelles.^[1] Solublization may occur in a system consisting of a solvent, an association colloid (a colloid that forms micelles), and at least one other solubilizate.

Usage of the term

Solubilization is distinct from dissolution because the resulting fluid is a colloidal dispersion involving an association colloid. This suspension is distinct from a true solution, and the amount of the solubilizate in the micellar system can be different (often higher) than the regular solubility of the solubilizate in the solvent.

In non-chemical literature and in everyday language, the term "solubilization" is sometimes used^{[citation needed]} in a broader meaning as "to bring to a solution or (non-sedimenting) suspension" by any means, e.g., leaching by a reaction with an acid.

Application

Micellar solublization is widely utilized, e.g. in laundry washing using detergents, in the pharmaceutical industry, for formulations of poorly soluble drugs in solution form,^[2] and in cleanup of oil spills using dispersants.

Mechanism

Literature distinguishes two major mechanisms of solubilization process of oil by surfactant micelles, affecting the kinetics of solubilization:^[3] surface reaction, i.e., by transient adsorption of micelles at the water-oil interface, and bulk reaction, whereby the surfactant micelles capture dissolved oil molecules.

References

^ "micellar solubilization". 2009. doi:10.1351/goldbook.M03887.
^ Jain A, Ran Y, Yalkowsky S, "Effect of pH-Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Combination on Solubilization of PG-300995 (an Anti-HIV Agent): A Technical Note." AAPS PharmSciTech. 2004; 5(3): article 45. [1]
^ P. D. Todorov, P. A. Kralchevsky, N. D. Denkov, G. Broze, and A. Mehreteab, "Kinetics of Solubilization of n-Decane and Benzene by Micellar Solutions of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate". Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 245, 371–382 (2002), doi:10.1006/jcis.2001.8031 [2]

External links

Solubilization of Homopolymers by Block Copolymer Micelles in Dilute Solutions, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99 (11), pp 3723–3731, Jose R. Quintana, Ramiro A. Salazar, Issa Katime

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English Journal

Efficient removal of detergents from proteins and peptides in a spin column format.

Antharavally BS, Mallia KA, Rosenblatt MM, Salunkhe AM, Rogers JC, Haney P, Haghdoost N.SourceThermo Scientific Pierce Protein Research, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Rockford, IL 61105, USA.
Analytical biochemistry.Anal Biochem.2011 Sep 1;416(1):39-44. Epub 2011 May 17.
Detergents are commonly used in protein-chemistry protocols and may be necessary for protein extraction, solubilization, and denaturation; however, their presence interferes with many downstream analysis techniques, including mass spectrometry (MS). To enable downstream analysis, it is critical to r
PMID 21640699

Modulation of sulfide oxidation and toxicity in rat mitochondria by dehydroascorbic acid.

Hildebrandt TM.AbstractHydrogen sulfide is enzymatically produced in mammalian tissues and functions as a gaseous transmitter. However, H(2)S is also highly toxic as it inhibits mitochondrial respiration at the level of cytochrome c oxidase, which additionally is involved in sulfide oxidation. The accumulation of toxic sulfide levels contributes to the pathology of some diseases. This paper demonstrates that sulfide toxicity can be modified, and dehydroascorbic acid functions as an effector in this process. It significantly reduces the inhibitory effect of sulfide on cytochrome c oxidase, resulting in higher rates of respiration and sulfide oxidation in rat mitochondria. After the addition of dehydroascorbic acid mitochondria maintained more than 50% of the oxygen consumption and ATP production rates with different substrates in the presence of high concentrations of sulfide that would normally lead to complete inhibition. Dehydroascorbic acid significantly increased the sulfide concentration necessary to cause half maximal inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and thus completely prevented inhibition at low, physiological sulfide concentrations. In addition, sulfide oxidation was stimulated and led to ATP production even at high concentrations. The decrease in sulfide toxicity was more pronounced when analyzing supermolecular functional units of the respiratory chain than in isolated cytochrome c oxidase activity. Furthermore, the protective effect of dehydroascorbic acid at high sulfide concentrations was completely abolished by quantitative solubilization of mitochondrial membrane proteins with dodeclymaltoside. These results suggest that binding of cytochrome c oxidase to other proteins probably within respiratory chain supercomplexes is involved in the modulation of sulfide oxidation and toxicity by dehydroascorbic acid.
Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2011 Sep;1807(9):1206-13. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
Hydrogen sulfide is enzymatically produced in mammalian tissues and functions as a gaseous transmitter. However, H(2)S is also highly toxic as it inhibits mitochondrial respiration at the level of cytochrome c oxidase, which additionally is involved in sulfide oxidation. The accumulation of toxic su
PMID 21699882