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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/18 19:13:04」(JST)

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A group of Chilean 'Damas de Rojo', volunteers on their local hospital and a clear example of social medicine.

The field of social medicine seeks to:

understand how social and economic conditions impact health, disease and the practice of medicine and
foster conditions in which this understanding can lead to a healthier society.

This type of study began formally in the early 19th century. The Industrial Revolution and the subsequent increase in poverty and disease among workers raised concerns about the effect of social processes on the health of the poor.

Prominent figures in the history of social medicine include Rudolf Virchow, Salvador Allende, and more recently Paul Farmer and Jim Yong Kim.

More specifically, Farmer et al. (2006) state that "Biosocial understandings of medical phenomena [such as the social determinants of health] are urgently needed ^[1]". Paul Farmer's view is that modern medicine is focused at the molecular level, and there is a "gap" between social analysis and everyday clinical practices. Moreover, Farmer, Nizeye, Stulac and Keshavjee (2006) view social medicine with increasing importance as scientific inquiry is increasingly "desocialized". The latter refers to "...a tendency to ask only biological question about what are in fact biosocial phenomena ^[1]".^[2]

The field of social medicine is most commonly addressed today by public health efforts to understand what are known as social determinants of health.

External links

Departments of Social Medicine:

Harvard
UNC
UCSF
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
McGill

Articles discussing social medicine:

Introduction to the journal: Social Medicine
What is social medicine?

References

^ ^a ^b (Farmer et al., 2006, Structural Violence and Clinical Medicine, p.1686)
^ Farmer, Paul E., Bruce Nizeye, Sara Stulac, and Salmaan Keshavjee. 2006. Structural Violence and Clinical Medicine. PLoS Medicine, 1686-1691

Social Medicine: http://journals.sfu.ca/socialmedicine/index.php/socialmedicine/index
Social Medicine Portal: http://www.socialmedicine.org/
Porter, D. (2006) "How Did Social Medicine Evolve, and Where Is It Heading?" PLoS Med 3(10): e399. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030399
Matthew R. Anderson, Lanny Smith, and Victor W. Sidel. What is Social Medicine? Monthly Review: 56(8). http://www.monthlyreview.org/0105anderson.htm
King NMP, Strauss RP, Churchill LR, Estroff SE, Henderson GE, et al. editors (2005) Patients, doctors, and illness. Volume I: The social medicine reader 2nd edition Durham: Duke University Press.
Henderson GE, Estroff SE, Churchill LR, King NMP, Oberlander J, et al. editors (2005) Social and cultural contributions to health, difference, and inequality. Volume II: The social medicine reader 2nd edition Durham: Duke University Press.
Oberlander J, Churchill LR, Estroff SE, Henderson GE, King NMP, et al. editors (2005) Health policy, markets, and medicine. Volume III: The social medicine reader 2nd edition Durham: Duke University Press.
Porter D, Porter R (1988) What was social medicine? An historiographical essay. J Hist Sociol 1: 90–106.
The PLoS Medicine Editors, Stonington S, Holmes SM (2006) Social medicine in the twenty-first century. PLoS Med 3(10): e445. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030445 and http://collections.plos.org/plosmedicine/socialmedicine-2006.php

English Journal

The smoking behaviors and cancer-related disparities among urban middle aged and older men involved in the criminal justice system.

Valera P1, Anderson M, Cook SH, Wylie-Rosett J, Rucker J, Reid AE.
Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education.J Cancer Educ.2015 Mar;30(1):86-93. doi: 10.1007/s13187-014-0668-0.
This study examined cancer knowledge, mental health, and tobacco use in formerly incarcerated men. The Cancer-Health Research Study with Formerly Incarcerated Men in New York City used a cross-sectional research design to examine cancer knowledge and prevention (CKP) outcomes among 259 justice-invo
PMID 24832966

An ambient assisted living approach in designing domiciliary services combined with innovative technologies for patients with Alzheimer's disease: a case study.

Cavallo F1, Aquilano M2, Arvati M3.
American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen.2015 Feb;30(1):69-77. doi: 10.1177/1533317514539724. Epub 2014 Jun 20.
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most disabling diseases to affect large numbers of elderly people worldwide. Because of the characteristics of this disease, patients with AD require daily assistance from service providers both in nursing homes and at home. Domiciliary assistance h
PMID 24951634

Rates and Correlates of Antiretroviral Therapy Use and Virologic Suppression Among Perinatally and Behaviorally HIV-Infected Youth Linked to Care in the United States.

Kahana SY1, Fernandez MI, Wilson PA, Bauermeister JA, Lee S, Wilson CM, Hightow-Weidman LB.
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999).J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr.2015 Feb 1;68(2):169-77. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000408.
OBJECTIVE: To measure rates of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and virologic suppression among perinatally HIV-infected youth (PIY) and behaviorally HIV-infected youth (BIY) linked to care in the United States and examine the effects of demographic, biomedical, and psychosocial factors on those rat
PMID 25590270

Japanese Journal

ANDREW GOSS. The Floracrats: State-Sponsored Science and the Failure of the Enlightenmentin Indonesia. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2011, 264 p.

Edington Claire
Southeast Asian Studies 1(2), 346-349, 2012-08-31
NAID 110009443409

定期的ホームベースレスパイトケアを受けた在宅人工呼吸療法中の小児の母親の体験に関する事例研究

生田まちよ
日本小児看護学会誌 21(2), 55-63, 2012-07-20
在宅人工呼吸療法(以後HMV)中の子どもの家族に対して、定期的に自宅に看護師が6時間以上の長時間訪問を行い、小児のケアを行うホームベースレスパイトケア(以後HBRC)を実施した。研究の目的は、定期的HBRCを受けた母親の体験を明らかにしてその意義を示すことである。定期的HBRCを受けたHMV中の小児の母親4名に、半構造化面接を実施した。事例ごとに、母親の介護の状況と定期的HBRCの受入れの体験の視 …
NAID 110009489090

Psychological Factors and Characteristics of Recurrent Breast Cancer Patients with or without Psychosocial Group Therapy Intervention

Yonago Acta medica 54(4), 65-74, 2011-12
… Using several self-administered assessment scales to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of cancer patients and the symptoms specific to breast cancer patients, we compared sociomedical variables and QOL scores between participants and non-participants. …
NAID 80022259135