slenderness

WordNet

the property of an attractively thin person (同)slightness, slimness
the quality of being slight or inadequate; "he knew the slenderness of my wallet"; "the slenderness of the chances that anything would be done"; "the slenderness of the evidence"

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/24 18:04:38」(JST)

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Gracility is slenderness, the condition of being gracile, which means slender.

It derives from the Latin adjective gracilis (masculine or feminine), or gracile (neuter)^[1] which in either form means slender, and when transferred for example to discourse, takes the sense of "without ornament", "simple", or various similar connotations.^[2]

In his famous "Glossary of Botanic Terms", B. D. Jackson speaks dismissively^[3] of an entry in earlier dictionary of A. A. Crozier^[4] as follows: Gracilis (Lat.), slender. Crozier has the needless word "gracile". However, his objection would be hard to sustain in current usage; apart from the fact that "gracile" is a natural and convenient term, it is hardly a neologism; the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary^[5] gives the source date for that usage as 1623.

In the same entry for Gracile, the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary remarks: Recently misused (through association with grace) for Gracefully slender. This misuse is unfortunate at least, because the terms gracile and grace are completely unrelated: the etymological root of grace is the Latin word gratia from gratus, meaning pleasing^[5] and nothing to do with slenderness or thinness.

In biology

In biology, the term is in common use, whether as English or Latin:

The term gracile—and its opposite, robust—occur in discussion of the morphology of various hominids for example.
The gracile fasciculus is a particular bundle of axon fibres in the spinal cord
The gracile nucleus is a particular structure of neurons in the medulla oblongata
"GRACILE syndrome", is associated with a BCS1L mutation

In biological taxonomy, gracile is the specific name or specific epithet for various species. Where the gender is appropriate, the form is gracilis. Examples include:

Campylobacter gracilis, a species of bacterium implicated in foodborne disease
Ctenochasma gracile, a late Jurassic pterosaur
Eriophorum gracile, a species of sedge, Cyperaceae
Euglena gracilis, a unicellular flagellate protist
Hydrophis gracilis, a species of sea snakes
Melampodium gracile, a flowering plant species
Moeritherium gracile, an Eocene mammal species

The same root appears in the names of some genera and higher taxa:

Gracilaria is a genus of red algae in the order Gracilariales
Gracillaria is a genus of leaf miner moths in the superfamily Gracillarioidea

References

^ Gray, Mason D., Jenkins, Thornton; “Latin for Today, Book 2”; Pub: Ginn and Co., Ltd. (1934)
^ Simpson, D. G. (1977). Cassell's Latin dictionary: Latin-English, English-Latin. London: Cassell. ISBN 0-02-522580-4.
^ Jackson, Benjamin Daydon; "A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent" 4th Ed. 1928; Pub: Gerald Duckworth & Co. London, W.C.2
^ Crozier, Arthur Alger; “A Dictionary of Botanical Terms”, Pub.: Henry Holt & Co 1893.
^ ^a ^b Little, William; Fowler H.W.; Coulson J.; Onions, C.T. (Ed.): "Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principals". Pub.: Oxford at the Clarendon Press (1968).

English Journal

Neighbourhood structure and light availability influence the variations in plant design of shrubs in two cloud forests of different successional status.

Guzmán Q JA1, Cordero RA2.
Annals of botany.Ann Bot.2016 Jul;118(1):23-34. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcw078. Epub 2016 May 30.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Plant design refers to the construction of the plant body or its constituent parts in terms of form and function. Although neighbourhood structure is recognized as a factor that limits plant survival and species coexistence, its relative importance in plant design is not well un
PMID 27245635

Analysis of arch-like bones: The rodent mandible as a case study.

Vassallo AI1.
Journal of morphology.J Morphol.2016 Jul;277(7):879-87. doi: 10.1002/jmor.20541. Epub 2016 Apr 5.
Bone strength is determined by the mechanical properties of bone material, and the size and shape of the whole bone, i.e., its architecture. The mandible of vertebrates has been traditionally regarded as a beam oriented in relation to main masticatory loads, i.e., the longer dimension of its cross-s
PMID 27059294

Skinny Is Not Enough: A Content Analysis of Fitspiration on Pinterest.

Simpson CC1, Mazzeo SE2.
Health communication.Health Commun.2016 Jun 21:1-8. [Epub ahead of print]
Fitspiration is a relatively new social media trend nominally intended to promote health and fitness. Fitspiration messages are presented as encouraging; however, they might also engender body dissatisfaction and compulsive exercise. This study analyzed fitspiration content (n = 1050) on the image
PMID 27326747

Computational analysis of amoeboid swimming at low Reynolds number.

Wang Q1, Othmer HG2.
Journal of mathematical biology.J Math Biol.2016 Jun;72(7):1893-926. doi: 10.1007/s00285-015-0925-9. Epub 2015 Sep 11.
Recent experimental work has shown that eukaryotic cells can swim in a fluid as well as crawl on a substrate. We investigate the swimming behavior of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae who swim by initiating traveling protrusions at the front that propagate rearward. In our model we prescribe the ve
PMID 26362281

Japanese Journal

日本と韓国の女子大学生の身長,体重,BMIおよび理想BMIと初経年齢の関連

学校保健研究 = Japanese journal of school health 59(3), 155-163, 2017-08
NAID 40021307191

女子大学生の痩せ志向について(第2報)量的研究

椙山女学園大学研究論集自然科学篇 (48), 125-136, 2017
NAID 40021134808

SM570鋼材を適用した鋼製補剛箱形断面橋脚の強度と変形能に関する解析的研究

土木学会論文集A1（構造・地震工学） 73(4), I_334-I_345, 2017
NAID 130006088682

遠心載荷実験装置を用いた上屋・杭基礎－地盤系における液状化地盤の杭頭補強鋼管杭の終局耐力評価

日本建築学会構造系論文集 82(738), 1221-1231, 2017
NAID 130006026352

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[1] Gray, Mason D., Jenkins, Thornton; “Latin for Today, Book 2”; Pub: Ginn and Co., Ltd. (1934)

[isbn0-02-522580-4-2] Simpson, D. G. (1977). Cassell's Latin dictionary: Latin-English, English-Latin. London: Cassell. ISBN 0-02-522580-4.

[3] Jackson, Benjamin Daydon; "A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent" 4th Ed. 1928; Pub: Gerald Duckworth & Co. London, W.C.2

[4] Crozier, Arthur Alger; “A Dictionary of Botanical Terms”, Pub.: Henry Holt & Co 1893.

[OED-5] Little, William; Fowler H.W.; Coulson J.; Onions, C.T. (Ed.): "Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principals". Pub.: Oxford at the Clarendon Press (1968).

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