sirup

WordNet

term of address for a man

PrepTutorEJDIC

=syrup
《時にS-》《冠詞なしで》《男性の目上の人・見知らぬ人・店の客・上官・先生・議長などに対する敬った丁寧な呼び掛け語として》『あなた』,だんな,先生,(警官などが男性を呼び止めて)おい,君 / 《S-》〈U〉サー / 《しばしばS-》〈C〉《手紙の書き出しのあいさつに用いて》『拝啓』

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/12/05 20:46:44」(JST)

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A bottle of maple syrup, which is often poured on pancakes and waffles.

In cooking, a syrup or sirup (from Arabic: شراب‎; sharāb, beverage, wine and Latin: sirupus)^[1] is a condiment that is a thick, viscous liquid consisting primarily of a solution of sugar in water, containing a large amount of dissolved sugars but showing little tendency to deposit crystals. Its consistency is similar to that of molasses. The viscosity arises from the multiple hydrogen bonds between the dissolved sugar, which has many hydroxyl (OH) groups, and the water.

Syrups can be made by dissolving sugar in water or by reducing naturally sweet juices such as cane juice, sorghum juice, or maple sap. Corn syrup is made from corn starch using an enzymatic process that converts it to sugars.

Culinary syrup

There are a range of syrups used in food production, including:

Glucose syrup
Corn syrup
Maple syrup
High fructose corn syrup, widely used in the US^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]
Golden syrup, a by-product of refining crystallized sugar

Syrups for beverages

A jug of bottler's flavor for 7-Up. The syrup-like concentrate lacks sugar and is sold to franchisees to refill.

A variety of beverages call for sweetening to offset the tartness of some juices used in the drink recipes. Granulated sugar does not dissolve easily in cold drinks or ethyl alcohol. Since the following syrups are liquids, they are easily mixed with other liquids in mixed drinks, making them superior alternatives to granulated sugar.

Simple syrup

A basic sugar-and-water syrup used by bartenders as a sweetener to make cocktails. Simple syrup is made by stirring granulated sugar into hot water in a saucepan until the sugar is dissolved and then cooling the solution. Generally, the ratio of sugar to water can range anywhere from 1:1 to 2:1 by weight, and similarly by volume due to air in the granulated sugar. For pure sucrose the saturation limit is about 5:4 by volume. Syrup can be used as a sweetener. However, since the syrup jells readily when pectin is added, its primary culinary use is as a base for fruit sauces, toppings, and preserves.

Combining Demerara sugar, a type of natural brown sugar, with water produces Demerara syrup. Sugar substitutes such as honey or agave nectar can also be used to make simple syrups.

Flavoured syrup

Flavoured syrups are made by infusing simple syrups with flavouring agents during the cooking process. A wide variety of flavouring agents can be used, often in combination with each other, such as herbs (rosemary), spices (chipotle chilis; cardamom), or aromatics (orange peel; lemongrass; ginger). For instance, syrupus aromaticus is prepared by adding certain quantities of orange flavouring and cinnamon water to simple syrup. This type of syrup is commonly used at coffee bars, especially in the United States, to make flavoured drinks. Infused simple syrups can be used to create desserts, or, to add sweetness and depth of flavour to cocktails.

Gomme syrup

Gomme syrup (or gum syrup; gomme is French for "gum") is an ingredient commonly used in mixed drinks. It is also commonly used as a sweetener for iced coffee in Japan. Like bar syrups, it is a 2:1 sugar and water mixture, but has an added ingredient of gum arabic. Gomme syrup is made with the highest ratio of sugar to water possible, while the gum arabic prevents the sugar from crystallizing and adds a smooth texture.

References

^ Online Etymology Dictionary: syrup Archived 2012-08-21 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Tyler James Wiltgen (August 2007). "An Economic History of the United States Sugar Program" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-02-09. Masters thesis.
^ "U.S. Sugar Policy". SugarCane.org. Archived from the original on 2015-02-11. Retrieved 2015-02-11.
^ "Food without Thought: How U.S. Farm Policy Contributes to Obesity". Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy. November 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27.
^ "Corn Production/Value". Allcountries.org. Archived from the original on 2010-10-25. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

External links

Media related to Syrups at Wikimedia Commons
The dictionary definition of syrup at Wiktionary
"Syrup". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.

English Journal

Ethoximation-silylation approach for mono- and disaccharide analysis and characterization of their identification parameters by GC/MS.

Becker M, Liebner F, Rosenau T, Potthast A.Author information University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewables and Christian-Doppler Laboratory "Advanced Cellulose Chemistry and Analytics", Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: manuel.becker@boku.ac.at.AbstractThe qualitative and quantitative analysis of complex carbohydrate mixtures is a challenging problem. When tackled by GC/MS, close retention times and largely similar mass spectra with no specific features complicate unambiguous identification, especially of monosaccharides. An optimized pre-capillary ethoximation-silylation GC/MS method for determination of monosaccharides and disaccharides was applied to a wide range of analytes (46 compounds). The two-step derivatization resulted in a pair of syn and anti peaks with specific retention and intensity ratio. The resulting dataset of mass spectra was subjected to a PCA-based pattern recognition. An oxime peak identifier (OPI) of the carbohydrate analytes, based on the combination of an internal standard and the corresponding syn/anti peak ratios, increased the reliability of the identification of reducing carbohydrates. Finally, the introduced EtOx-TMS derivatization method was applied to four different carbohydrate matrices (agave sirup, maple sirup, palm sugar, and honey).
Talanta.Talanta.2013 Oct 15;115:642-51. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.05.052. Epub 2013 May 28.
The qualitative and quantitative analysis of complex carbohydrate mixtures is a challenging problem. When tackled by GC/MS, close retention times and largely similar mass spectra with no specific features complicate unambiguous identification, especially of monosaccharides. An optimized pre-capillar
PMID 24054643

[Determination of commonly abused dyes in food by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Yi X, Deng X, Yang H, Guo D, Zhu J.Author information Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai 200135, China. yixh@shciq.gov.cnAbstractA liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of commonly abused dyes in candy, sirup, liquid milk and fruit juice. The test sample was dissolved and diluted with water, then cleaned up by polyamide solid phase extraction. The LC separation was performed on an Agilent XDB-C18 column with 20 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution and acetonitrile as the mobile phase in a gradient elution mode. The dyes were determined by MS/MS in negative electrospray ionization mode, and quantified by matrix-matched external standard method. The calibration curves showed good linearity in the range of 0.5 - 50 mg/L with the correlation coefficients (r) greater than 0.99. The limits of quantitation (S/N > 10) were 0.5 mg/kg, and the limits of detection (S/N > 3) were 0.1 mg/kg. The recoveries of dyes in food samples at the three spiked levels of 0.5, 5 and 50 mg/kg were in the range of 62.6% - 115.3% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.6% - 26.3%. The method can meet the requirements for the determination of the dyes in food samples for import and export inspection.
Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography / Zhongguo hua xue hui.Se Pu.2011 Nov;29(11):1062-9.
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of commonly abused dyes in candy, sirup, liquid milk and fruit juice. The test sample was dissolved and diluted with water, then cleaned up by polyamide solid phase extraction. The LC separation wa
PMID 22393692

Ethnobotanical survey of traditionally used plants in human therapy of east, north and north-east Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Sarić-Kundalić B, Dobeš C, Klatte-Asselmeyer V, Saukel J.Author information Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. broza.saric@gmail.comAbstractAIM OF THE STUDY: The study aims to provide a systematical revision of the traditional use of wild and cultivated plants in north-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina (Western Balkan Peninsula; Southeast Europe). Thereby, it will extend and complement a recent previous study carried out in middle, southern and western Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Journal of ethnopharmacology.J Ethnopharmacol.2011 Feb 16;133(3):1051-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.033. Epub 2010 Nov 19.
AIM OF THE STUDY: The study aims to provide a systematical revision of the traditional use of wild and cultivated plants in north-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina (Western Balkan Peninsula; Southeast Europe). Thereby, it will extend and complement a recent previous study carried out in middle, souther
PMID 21094241

Japanese Journal

高粘性流体の吹き出しによる摩擦抵抗低減(第2報)

藤井雄作 [他],加藤洋治,山口一,宮永大
日本造船学会論文集 (170), 45-54, 1991-12
… The experimental result showed a substantial reduction of shear stress by injecting sugar sirup which was used as high-vescosity fluid and water from the double slits. … In this report, the experiment of water/sugar sirup injection was done in many conditions. … The injected sugar sirup looked white that was because of a large difference in index of refraction between water and sugar sirup. …
NAID 110003860617

高粘性流体の吹き出しによる摩擦抵抗低減

加藤洋治 [他],藤井雄作,山口一,宮永大
日本造船学会論文集 (168), 39-50, 1990-12
… Sugar sirup was used as the high-viscosity fluid at the experiment. … The sugar sirup and water were injected into turbulent boundary layer on a fiat plate through up-stream and down-stream slits respectively. … The experimental result showed a substantial reduction of shear stress by injecting sugar sirup and water from the double slits. …
NAID 110003860505

Chemical Modification of Lactose. V. Synthesis of 6'-Acetamido-6'-deoxy-α-lactose

千葉拓,羽賀正信,手島節三
Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin 23(6), 1283-1289, 1975-06-25
… Over Pt oxide or Raney Ni catalyst, a low yield of 8 was effected with fairly amounts of unidentified sirup. …
NAID 110003622016

Related Pictures

Moštěnický sirup Sirup Rendah Kalori Tropicana Slim 750 Ml - Sugar Free Syrup - Minuman - Drinks | elevenia SIRUPがAWAで自身の「音楽遍歴をたどっていく」プレイリストを SIRUPが語る「SIRUP EP」あらゆる枠を取っぱらって、好きなことを SIRUP “シーンに囚われない存在へ” 「SIRUP EP2」が導くSIRUPの Marjan Sirup Product - PT Anak Mas Indah SIRUP、8月発売最新作『SIRUP EP2』より新曲「Do Well」をリリース

[1] Online Etymology Dictionary: syrup Archived 2012-08-21 at the Wayback Machine.

[2] Tyler James Wiltgen (August 2007). "An Economic History of the United States Sugar Program" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-02-09. Masters thesis.

[3] "U.S. Sugar Policy". SugarCane.org. Archived from the original on 2015-02-11. Retrieved 2015-02-11.

[4] "Food without Thought: How U.S. Farm Policy Contributes to Obesity". Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy. November 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27.

[5] "Corn Production/Value". Allcountries.org. Archived from the original on 2010-10-25. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

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