出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/11/30 20:30:46」(JST)
| この項目では、企業について説明しています。その他の用法については「ジーメンス (曖昧さ回避)」をご覧ください。 |
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ミュンヘンの本社
（旧ルートヴィヒ・フェルディナント宮殿） |
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| 種類 | AG |
|---|---|
| 本社所在地 | ドイツ バイエルン州ミュンヘン・ベルリン |
| 設立 | 1847年（169年前） |
| 業種 | 製造業 |
| 事業内容 | 鉄道車両用インバータ・情報通信機器等の製造・販売等 |
| 代表者 | Peter Löscher（会長兼CEO） |
| 資本金 | 31,530 Million Euro |
| 売上高 | 73,515 Million Euro |
| 営業利益 | 9,242 Million Euro |
| 純利益 | 6,321 Million Euro |
| 総資産 | 104,243 Million Euro |
| 従業員数 | 360,000人 |
| 決算期 | 2011年度(連結)[1] |
| 外部リンク | Siemens Global Website |
| テンプレートを表示 | |
シーメンス (Siemens AG) は、ドイツのバイエルン州ミュンヘンに本社を置く多国籍企業。もともと電信、電車、電子機器の製造会社から発展し、現在では情報通信、電力関連、交通、医療、防衛、生産設備、家電製品等の分野で製造、およびシステム・ソリューション事業を幅広く手がける複合企業である。
1847年12月12日に、ヴェルナー・フォン・ジーメンス (Werner von Siemens) によってベルリンに創業された電信機製造会社、ジーメンス・ウント・ハルスケ (Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske) に端を発する。後にジーメンス・ハルスケ電車会社に発展し、世界で最初の電車を製造し、1881年に営業運転を開始した。
なおドイツ語での標準発音は [ˈziːməns][2]であり、カタカナ転写すれば「ジーメンス」、より厳密には「ズィーメンス」となる。しかし日本では「シーメンス」が使われ、日本法人も「シーメンス」を使用している。なおドイツ語圏南部では[ˈsiːməns]、英語では[ˈsiːmənz]と発音される。
2006年の連結売上高は873億ユーロ、約14兆円。
連結純利益は303億ユーロ、約5000億円。
今でこそ代表的な株主はミューチュアル・ファンドのバンガード・グループであったり、マイケル・カレンが2001年に立ち上げたソブリン・ウエルス・ファンドのNew Zealand Superannuation Fund だったりするが、昔はリオ・ティントであった。
現在では情報通信、電力関連、交通・運輸、医療、防衛、生産設備、家電製品等の分野での製造およびシステム・ソリューション事業などでその名が知られており、特に鉄道車両のVVVFインバーター(京急などのドレミファインバータやJRのE501系ドレミファインバータ、IGBT・GTOインバータ、ドイツではよく見かける、SIEMENS製インバータ)やMRI装置、補聴器などで大きく市場を占有している。
総合鉄道関連メーカーとしては、ボンバルディア、アルストムと並ぶ「ビッグスリー」の一つ[3]で、世界の鉄道車両製造では約2割強のシェアを有する[4]。
AEGとの合弁会社Kraftwerk Union は西ドイツの原子炉について、ほぼ全ての製造に関わった。
シーメンスは11年前の2005年に携帯電話端末事業を中華民国の明基電通 (BenQ) に売却しているが、現在は「BenQ Siemens」ブランドで商品を発売するなど提携関係を継続している。また、日本法人が手掛けた医療搬送機器事業は2006年7月神鋼電機に事業譲渡、神鋼電機が自社の病院搬送システム事業と統合、「S&Sエンジニアリング」を設立し事業継続している。
シーメンスという呼称で資料をあたると日本に偏った記述となる。国際的展開は大部分がドイツ銀行を通して行われた。
1861年、ドイツ外交使節が徳川将軍家へシーメンス製電信機を献上し、ここに初めてシーメンス製品が日本に持ち込まれた。
1887年にはシーメンス東京事務所が開設され、以降、シーメンス社の製品は広く日本に浸透することになる。19世紀の主な納入実績には、足尾銅山への電力輸送設備設置、九州鉄道株式会社へのモールス電信機据付、京都水利事務所など多数の発電機供給、江ノ島電気鉄道株式会社への発電機を含む電車制御機および電車設備一式の供給、小石川の陸軍砲兵工廠への発電機供給、などがある。
1901年にはシーメンス・ウント・ハルスケ日本支社が創立された。
その後も発電・通信設備を中心とした製品供給が続き、八幡製鐵所、小野田セメント、伊勢電気鉄道、古河家日光発電所、曽木電気（のちの日本窒素肥料）等へ発電設備を供給した。また、逓信省へ、電話関係機器の多量かつ連続的な供給を行なった。
軍需関係では、陸軍へ口径60センチシーメンス式探照灯、シーメンス・レントゲン装置、各種無線電信機、海軍へ無線装置・信号装置・操舵制御装置等を納入している。1914年には海軍省の注文で千葉県船橋に80～100キロワットテレフンケン式無線電信局を建築したが、この無線電信局の納入をめぐるリベートが、「シーメンス事件」として政界を揺るがす事件に発展することになる。
第一次世界大戦中は日独が交戦状態に入ったため営業を停止したが、1920年頃から営業を再開した。1923年には古河電気工業と合弁して富士電機製造株式会社を設立、1925年には電話部門を富士電機に譲渡した。
その後も、日本全国の都市水道局へのシーメンス量水器の納入、逓信省への東京大阪間電話ケーブルに依る高周波多重式搬送電話装置の供給などが続いた。関東大震災後には、シーメンスの電話交換機が各都市の官庁、ビル・商社に多数設置された。
1929年には、大連逓信局に軽量物搬送装置を供給。以降、1936年に満州国電信電話会社がシーメンス式ベルトコンベアを採用するなど、日本、台湾、満洲の電信局・郵便局のほとんどがこの様式を採用することとなる。
1931年には八幡市水道局にシーメンス製オゾン浄水装置が納入された。1932年には日本活動写真株式会社にトーキー設備40台を納入、以降全国各地の映画館にトーキー映写装置を販売することになる。
1932年、上野帝国図書館は日本最初のシーメンス式自動書類複写機を採用した。1936年には大阪市にも採用された。
満洲事変以降、富士電機は探照燈・特殊電気機器・船舶航空器材など軍需兵器関係の製作に力を入れることになり、シーメンスから専門技師を招致するなどして、シーメンス関連企業が設計製作を行なっていたその種の装置の国産化に努めた。
1938年頃から、アルミニウム工場が日本国内、満洲、朝鮮の各地に建設・増設されたが、シーメンス社はその設備・資材供給で多忙を極めることとなった。発電設備関係では、1939年、満洲国各地、鴨緑江水電株式会社などに、相次いで大型発電設備を供給した。
1941年、ドイツとソ連が交戦状態に入り、シベリア鉄道経由での貨物輸送が不可能になった。続く日米開戦により、東京シーメンスはほとんど全部の製品を国産化することとなった。この時期の納入実績としては、シーメンス水素電解槽の住友電気工業、日本カーバイド工業、鐘淵紡績等への供給、逓信省への大型短波放送設備の納入等がある。戦争が続く中で、資材の獲得が困難となり、戦時中は保守業務が中心となった。
（以上は、百渓禄郎太編「日本におけるシーメンスの事業とその経歴」による）
| 分野 | 社名 | 本社所在地 |
|---|---|---|
| 製造 | 安川シーメンス オートメーション・ドライブ株式会社 | 東京都品川区大崎1-11-1 ゲートシティ大崎ウエストタワー |
| シーメンスインダストリーソフトウェア株式会社 | 東京都渋谷区代々木2-2-1 小田急サザンタワー | |
| エルエムエスジャパン株式会社 | 神奈川県横浜市港北区新横浜3-1-9 アリーナタワー14F | |
| 医療 | シーメンスヘルスケア・ダイアグノスティクス株式会社 | 東京都品川区大崎1-11-1 ゲートシティ大崎ウエストタワー |
| シーメンス ヒアリング インスツルメンツ株式会社 | 神奈川県相模原市南区相模大野5-29-15 | |
| 株式会社アクロラド | 沖縄県うるま市州崎13番地23 |
| ウィキメディア・コモンズには、シーメンスに関連するカテゴリがあります。 |
筆頭はドイツ銀行。以下はOEM先など。
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Type
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Aktiengesellschaft |
|---|---|
| Traded as | FWB: SIE |
| Industry | Conglomerate |
| Founded | 12 October 1847; 169 years ago (1847-10-12) Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia |
| Founder | Werner von Siemens |
| Headquarters | Berlin and Munich, Germany |
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Area served
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Worldwide |
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Key people
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Joe Kaeser (President & CEO) |
| Products | Power generation technology, industrial and buildings automation, medical technology, railway vehicles, water treatment systems, fire alarms, PLM software |
| Services | Business services, financing, project engineering and construction |
| Revenue | €75.63 billion (2015)[1] |
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Operating income
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€6.04 billion (2015)[1] |
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Net income
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€7.28 billion (2015)[1] |
| Total assets | €120.34 billion (2015)[1] |
| Total equity | €34.47 billion (2015)[1] |
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Number of employees
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348,000 (2015)[1] |
| Divisions | Process Industries and Drives, Digital Factory, Energy Management, Healthineers, Mobility, Power and Gas, Power Generation Services, Wind Power and Renewables, Building Technologies |
| Website | www |
Siemens AG (German pronunciation: [ˈziːmɛns])[2] is a German company headquartered in Berlin and Munich and the largest engineering company in Europe with branch offices abroad.
The principal divisions of the company are Industry, Energy, Healthcare, and Infrastructure & Cities, which represent the main activities of the company.[3][4][5] The company is a prominent maker of medical diagnostics equipment and its medical health-care division, which generates about 12 percent of the company's total sales, is its second-most profitable unit, after the industrial automation division.[6] The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index.[7] Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 362,000 people worldwide and reported global revenue of around €75.6 billion in 2015 according to their annual report.
Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 12 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, his invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on 12 October.[8]
In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, later Sir William Siemens, started to represent the company in London. The London agency became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, opened in St Petersburg, Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European (Calcutta to London) telegraph line.[9]
In 1867, Werner von Siemens described a dynamo without permanent magnets. A similar system was also independently invented by Charles Wheatstone, but Siemens became the first company to build such devices. In 1881, a Siemens AC Alternator driven by a watermill was used to power the world's first electric street lighting in the town of Godalming, United Kingdom. The company continued to grow and diversified into electric trains and light bulbs. In 1890, the founder retired and left running the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm. In 1887, it opened its first office in Japan.[10]
Siemens & Halske (S & H) was incorporated in 1897, and then merged parts of its activities with Schuckert & Co., Nuremberg in 1903 to become Siemens-Schuckert. In 1907, Siemens (Siemens & Halske and Siemens-Schuckert) had 34,324 employees and was the seventh-largest company in the German empire by number of employees.[11] (see List of German companies by employees in 1907)
In 1919, S & H and two other companies jointly formed the Osram lightbulb company.[citation needed]
During the 1920s and 1930s, S & H started to manufacture radios, television sets, and electron microscopes.[citation needed]
In 1932, Reiniger, Gebbert & Schall (Erlangen), Phönix AG (Rudolstadt) and Siemens-Reiniger-Veifa mbH (Berlin) merged to form the Siemens-Reiniger-Werke AG (SRW), the third of the so-called parent companies that merged in 1966 to form the present-day Siemens AG.[12]
In the 1920s, Siemens constructed the Ardnacrusha Hydro Power station on the River Shannon in the then Irish Free State, and it was a world first for its design. The company is remembered for its desire to raise the wages of its under-paid workers only to be overruled by the Cumann na nGaedheal government.[13]
Siemens (at the time: Siemens-Schuckert) exploited the forced labour of deported people in extermination camps. The company owned a plant in Auschwitz concentration camp.[14][15]
During the final years of World War II, numerous plants and factories in Berlin and other major cities were destroyed by Allied air raids. To prevent further losses, manufacturing was therefore moved to alternative places and regions not affected by the air war. The goal was to secure continued production of important war-related and everyday goods. According to records, Siemens was operating almost 400 alternative or relocated manufacturing plants at the end of 1944 and in early 1945.
In 1972, Siemens sued German satirist F.C. Delius for his satirical history of the company, Unsere Siemenswelt, and it was determined much of the book contained false claims although the trial itself publicized Siemens' history in Nazi Germany.[16] The company supplied electrical parts to Nazi concentration camps and death camps. The factories had poor working conditions, where malnutrition and death were common. Also, the scholarship has shown that the camp factories were created, run, and supplied by the SS, in conjunction with company officials, sometimes high-level officials.[17][18][19][20]
Siemens businessman and Nazi Party member John Rabe is, however, credited with saving many Chinese lives during the infamous Nanking Massacre. He later toured Germany lecturing on the atrocities committed by Japanese forces in Nanking.[21]
In the 1950s, and from their new base in Bavaria, S&H started to manufacture computers, semiconductor devices, washing machines, and pacemakers.[citation needed] In 1966, Siemens & Halske (S&H, founded in 1847), Siemens-Schuckertwerke (SSW, founded in 1903) and Siemens-Reiniger-Werke (SRW, founded in 1932) merged to form Siemens AG.[12] In 1969, Siemens formed Kraftwerk Union with AEG by pooling their nuclear power businesses.[22]
The company's first digital telephone exchange was produced in 1980. In 1988, Siemens and GEC acquired the UK defence and technology company Plessey. Plessey's holdings were split, and Siemens took over the avionics, radar and traffic control businesses—as Siemens Plessey.
In 1985, Siemens bought Allis-Chalmers' interest in the partnership company Siemens-Allis (formed 1978) which supplied electrical control equipment. It was incorporated into Siemens' Energy and Automation division.[23]
In 1987, Siemens reintegrated Kraftwerk Union, the unit overseeing nuclear power business.[22]
In 1991, Siemens acquired Nixdorf Computer AG and renamed it Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG, in order to produce personal computers.
In October 1991, Siemens acquired the Industrial Systems Division of Texas Instruments, Inc, based in Johnson City, Tennessee. This division was organized as Siemens Industrial Automation, Inc., and was later absorbed by Siemens Energy and Automation, Inc.
In 1992, Siemens bought out IBM's half of ROLM (Siemens had bought into ROLM five years earlier), thus creating SiemensROLM Communications; eventually dropping ROLM from the name later in the 1990s.
In 1997, Siemens agreed to sell the defence arm of Siemens Plessey to British Aerospace (BAe) and a German aerospace company, DaimlerChrysler Aerospace. BAe and DASA acquired the British and German divisions of the operation respectively.[24]
In October 1997, Siemens Financial Services (SFS) was founded to act as competence center for financing issues and as a manager of financial risks within Siemens.
In 1998, Siemens acquired Westinghouse Power Generation for more than $1.5 billion from CBS corp and moving Siemens from third to second the world power generation market.[25]
In 1999, Siemens' semiconductor operations were spun off into a new company called Infineon Technologies. In the same year, Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG became part of Fujitsu Siemens Computers AG, with its retail banking technology group becoming Wincor Nixdorf.
In 2000, Shared Medical Systems Corporation[26] was acquired by the Siemens' Medical Engineering Group,[27] eventually becoming part of Siemens Medical Solutions.
Also in 2000, Atecs-Mannesman was acquired by Siemens,[28] The sale was finalised in April 2001 with 50% of the shares acquired, acquisition, Mannesmann VDO AG merged into Siemens Automotive forming Siemens VDO Automotive AG, Atecs Mannesmann Dematic Systems merged into Siemens Production and Logistics forming Siemens Dematic AG, Mannesmann Demag Delaval merged into the Power Generation division of Siemens AG.[29] Other parts of the company were acquired by Robert Bosch GmbH at the same time.[30] Also, Moore Products Co. of Spring House, PA USA was acquired by Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc.. [31]
In 2001, Chemtech Group of Brazil was incorporated into the Siemens Group;[32] it provides industrial process optimisation, consultancy and other engineering services.[33]
Also in 2001, Siemens formed joint venture Framatome with Areva SA of France by merging much of the companies' nuclear businesses.[22]
In 2002, Siemens sold some of its business activities to Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. (KKR), with its metering business included in the sale package.[34]
In 2003, Siemens acquired the flow division of Danfoss and incorporated it into the Automation and Drives division.[35] Also in 2003 Siemens acquired IndX software (realtime data organisation and presentation).[36][37] The same year in an unrelated development Siemens reopened its office in Kabul.[38] Also in 2003 agreed to buy Alstom Industrial Turbines; a manufacturer of small, medium and industrial gas turbines for €1.1 billion.[39][40] On 11 February 2003, Siemens planned to shorten phones' shelf life by bringing out annual Xelibri lines, with new devices launched as spring -summer and autumn-winter collections.[41] On 6 March 2003, the company opened an office in San Jose.[42] On 7 March 2003, the company announced that it planned to gain 10 per cent of the mainland China market for handsets.[43] On 18 March 2003, the company unveiled the latest in its series of Xelibri fashion phones.[44]
In 2004, the wind energy company Bonus Energy in Brande, Denmark was acquired,[45][46] forming Siemens Wind Power division.[47] Also in 2004 Siemens invested in Dasan Networks (South Korea, broadband network equipment) acquiring ~40% of the shares,[48] Nokia Siemens disinvested itself of the shares in 2008.[49] The same year Siemens acquired Photo-Scan (UK, CCTV systems),[50] US Filter Corporation (water and Waste Water Treatment Technologies/ Solutions, acquired from Veolia),[51] Hunstville Electronics Corporation (automobile electronics, acquired from Chrysler),[52] and Chantry Networks (WLAN equipment).[53]
In 2005, Siemens sold the Siemens mobile manufacturing business to BenQ, forming the BenQ-Siemens division. Also in 2005 Siemens acquired Flender Holding GmbH (Bocholt, Germany, gears/industrial drives),[54] Bewator AB (building security systems),[55] Wheelabrator Air Pollution Control, Inc. (Industrial and power station dust control systems),[56] AN Windenegrie GmbH. (Wind energy),[57] Power Technologies Inc. (Schenectady, USA, energy industry software and training),[58] CTI Molecular Imaging (Positron emission tomography and molecular imaging systems),[59][60] Myrio (IPTV systems),[61] Shaw Power Technologoes International Ltd (UK/USA, electrical engineering consulting, acquired from Shaw Group),[62][63] and Transmitton (Ashby de la Zouch UK, rail and other industry control and asset management).[64]
In 2006, Siemens announced the purchase of Bayer Diagnostics, which was incorporated into the Medical Solutions Diagnostics division on 1 January 2007,[65] also in 2006 Siemens acquired Controlotron (New York) (ultrasonic flow meters)[66][67] Also in 2006 Siemens acquired Diagnostic Products Corp., Kadon Electro Mechanical Services Ltd. (now TurboCare Canada Ltd.), Kühnle, Kopp, & Kausch AG, Opto Control, and VistaScape Security Systems[68]
In March 2007, a Siemens board member was temporarily arrested and accused of illegally financing a business-friendly labour association which competes against the union IG Metall. He has been released on bail. Offices of the labour union and of Siemens have been searched. Siemens denies any wrongdoing.[69] In April the Fixed Networks, Mobile Networks and Carrier Services divisions of Siemens merged with Nokia's Network Business Group in a 50/50 joint venture, creating a fixed and mobile network company called Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia delayed the merger[70] due to bribery investigations against Siemens.[71] In October 2007, a court in Munich found that the company had bribed public officials in Libya, Russia, and Nigeria in return for the awarding of contracts; four former Nigerian Ministers of Communications were among those named as recipients of the payments. The company admitted to having paid the bribes and agreed to pay a fine of 201 million euros. In December 2007, the Nigerian government cancelled a contract with Siemens due to the bribery findings.[72][73]
Also in 2007, Siemens acquired Vai Ingdesi Automation (Argentina, Industrial Automation), UGS Corp., Dade Behring, Sidelco (Quebec, Canada), S/D Engineers Inc., and Gesellschaft für Systemforschung und Dienstleistungen im Gesundheitswesen mbH (GSD) (Germany).[74]
In July 2008, Siemens AG announced a joint venture of the Enterprise Communications business with the Gores Group, renamed Unify in 2013. The Gores Group holding a majority interest of 51% stake, with Siemens AG holding a minority interest of 49%.[75]
In August 2008, Siemens Project Ventures invested $15 million in the Arava Power Company. In a press release published that month, Peter Löscher, President and CEO of Siemens AG said: “This investment is another consequential step in further strengthening our green and sustainable technologies”. Siemens now holds a 40% stake in the company. [76]
In January 2009, Siemens announced to sell its 34% stake in Framatome, complaining limited managerial influence. In March, it announced to form an alliance with Rosatom of Russia to engage in nuclear-power activities.[22]
In April 2009, Fujitsu Siemens Computers became Fujitsu Technology Solutions as a result of Fujitsu buying out Siemens' share of the company.
In October 2009, Siemens signed a $418 million contract to buy Solel Solar Systems an Israeli company in the solar thermal power business.[77]
In December 2010, Siemens agreed to sell its IT Solutions and Services subsidiary for €850 million to Atos. As part of the deal, Siemens agreed to take a 15% stake in the enlarged Atos, to be held for a minimum of five years. In addition, Siemens concluded a seven-year outsourcing contract worth around €5.5 billion, under which Atos will provide managed services and systems integration to Siemens.
In March 2011, it was decided to list Osram on the stock market in the autumn, but CEO Peter Löscher said Siemens intended to retain a long-term interest in the company, which was already independent from the technological and managerial viewpoints.
In September 2011, Siemens, which had been responsible for constructing all 17 of Germany's existing nuclear power plants, announced that it would exit the nuclear sector following the Fukushima disaster and the subsequent changes to German energy policy. Chief executive Peter Löscher has supported the German government's planned Energiewende, its transition to renewable energy technologies, calling it a "project of the century" and saying Berlin's target of reaching 35% renewable energy sources by 2020 was feasible.[78]
In November 2012, Siemens acquired the Rail division of Invensys for £1.7 billion. In the same month, Siemens made the announcement of acquiring a privately held company, LMS International NV.[79]
In August 2013, Nokia acquired 100% of the company Nokia Siemens Networks, with a buy-out of Siemens AG, ending Siemens role in telecommunication.[80]
In August 2013, Siemens won a $966.8 million order for power plant components from oil firm Saudi Aramco, the largest bid it has ever received from the Saudi company.[81]
In 2014, Siemens plans to build a $264 million facility for making offshore wind turbines in Paull, England, as Britain’s wind power rapidly expands. Siemens chose the Hull area on the east coast of England because it is close to other large offshore projects planned in coming years. The new plant is expected to begin producing turbine rotor blades in 2016. The plant and the associated service center, in Green Port Hull nearby, will employ about 1,000 workers. The facilities will serve the UK market, where the electricity that major power producers generate from wind grew by about 38 percent in 2013, representing about 6 percent of total electricity, according to government figures. There are also plans to increase Britain’s wind-generating capacity at least threefold by 2020, to 14 gigawatts.[82]
In May 2014, Rolls-Royce agreed to sell its gas turbine and compressor energy business to Siemens for £1 Billion.[83] In June 2014 Siemens and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries announced their formation of joint ventures to bid for Alstom's troubled energy and transportation businesses (in locomotives, steam turbines, and aircraft engines). A rival bid by General Electric (GE) has been criticized by French government sources, who consider Alstom's operations as a "vital national interest" at a moment when the French unemployment level stands above 10% and some voters are turning towards the far-right.[84]
In September 2014, Siemens said it would buy U.S. oilfield equipment maker Dresser-Rand Group Inc for $7.6 billion.[85]
In November 2016, Siemens announced the acquisition of EDA company Mentor Graphics for $4.5 billion.[86]
Siemens offers a wide range of electrical engineering- and electronics-related products and services.[87] Its products can be broadly divided into the following categories: buildings-related products; drives, automation and industrial plant-related products; energy-related products; lighting; medical products; and transportation and logistics-related products.[87]
Siemens buildings-related products include building-automation equipment and systems; building-operations equipment and systems; building fire-safety equipment and systems; building-security equipment and systems; and low-voltage switchgear including circuit protection and distribution products.[87]
Siemens drives, automation and industrial plant-related products include motors and drives for conveyor belts; pumps and compressors; heavy duty motors and drives for rolling steel mills; compressors for oil and gas pipelines; mechanical components including gears for wind turbines and cement mills; automation equipment and systems and controls for production machinery and machine tools; and industrial plant for water processing and raw material processing.[87]
Siemens energy-related products include gas and steam turbines; generators; compressors; on- and offshore wind turbines; high-voltage transmission products; power transformers; high-voltage switching products and systems; alternating and direct current transmission systems; medium-voltage components and systems; and power automation products.[87]
Siemens OSRAM subsidiary produces lighting products including incandescent, halogen, compact fluorescent, fluorescent, high-intensity discharge and Xenon lamps; opto-electronic semiconductor light sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic LEDs, high power laser diodes, LED systems and LED luminaires; electronic equipment including electronic ballasts; lighting control and management systems; and related precision components.[87]
Siemens medical products include clinical information technology systems; hearing instruments; in-vitro diagnostics equipment; imaging equipment including angiography, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, magnetic resonance, mammography, molecular imaging ultrasound, and x-ray equipment; and radiation oncology and particle therapy equipment.[87] As of 2015[update], Siemens finalized the sale of its hearing-aid (hearing instruments) business to Sivantos.[88][89]
Siemens transportation and logistics-related products include equipment and systems for rail transportation including rail vehicles for mass transit, regional and long-distance transportation, locomotives, equipment and systems for rail electrification, central control systems, interlockings, and automated train controls; equipment and systems for road traffic including traffic detection, information and guidance; equipment and systems for airport logistics including cargo tracking and baggage handling; and equipment and systems for postal automation including letter parcel sorting.[87]
Siemens also completed a world record in 2012 for the most electricity generated by bicycles in an hour. Generating 4,630 watts in an hour in Melbourne, Australia, on December 11, 2012[90]
A Siemens high-voltage transformer
A Siemens SPECT/CT scanner in operation
A Siemens wind power generator
A Siemens steam turbine rotor
A Siemens train in operation
Bangkok Skytrain built by Siemens
Siemens is incorporated in Germany and has its corporate headquarters in Munich.[91] It has operations in around 190 countries and approximately 285 production and manufacturing facilities.[91] Siemens had around 360,000 employees as of 30 September 2011.[91]
Electrification, automation and digitalization are the long-term growth fields of Siemens. In order to take full advantage of the market potential in these fields, Siemens businesses are bundled into nine divisions and healthcare as a separately managed business.
In 2011, Siemens invested a total of €3.925 billion in research and development, equivalent to 5.3% of revenues.[91] As of 30 September 2011, Siemens had approximately 11,800 Germany-based employees engaged in research and development and approximately 16,000 in the rest of the world, of whom the majority were based in one of Austria, China, Croatia, Denmark, France, India, Mexico, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.[91] As of 30 September 2011, Siemens held approximately 53,300 patents worldwide.[91]
Siemens' headquarters, Munich (front)
Siemens office building in Munich-Giesing
Siemens-Tower in Berlin-Siemensstadt
"Wernerwerk" (Werner's Factory) in Berlin-Siemensstadt
Wernerwerk II in Berlin-Siemensstadt
Wernerwerk XV in Berlin-Siemensstadt
Siemens office building in Erlangen
Siemens office building in Erlangen
Siemens site in Munich-Perlach
Siemens Forum Munich
Siemens Gas Turbine Factory, formerly Ruston & Hornsby Pelham Works, Lincoln, England
Siemens' current joint ventures include:
Silcar was a joint venture between Siemens Ltd and Thiess Services Pty Ltd until 2013. Silcar is a 3,000 person Australian organisation providing productivity and reliability for large scale and technically complex plant assets. Services include asset management, design, construction, operations and maintenance. Silcar operates across a range of industries and essential services including power generation, electrical distribution, manufacturing, mining and telecommunications. In July 2013, Thiess took full control.[93][94][95]
In 2014, Siemens and Accenture formed a joint venture company called OMNETRIC Group.
The company has issued 881.000.000 shares of common stock. The largest single shareholder continues to be the founding shareholder, the Siemens family, with a stake of 6.9%. 62% are held by institutional asset managers, the largest being two divisions of the world's largest asset manager BlackRock. 83.97% of the shares are considered public float, however including such strategic investors as the State of Qatar (DIC Company Ltd.) with 3,04%, the Government Pension Fund of Norway with 2,5% and the Siemens AG itself with 3,04%. 19% are held by private investors, 13% by investors that are considered unidentifiable. 26% are owned by German investors, 21% by US investors, followed by the UK (11%), France (8%), Switzerland (8%) and a number of others (26%).[96]
Chairmen of the Siemens-Schuckertwerke Managing Board (1903 to 1966)[97]
Chairmen of the Siemens & Halske / Siemens-Schuckertwerke Supervisory Board (1918 to 1966)[97]
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Chairmen of the Siemens AG Managing Board (1966 to present)[97]
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Chairmen of the Siemens AG Supervisory Board (1966 to present)[97]
Managing Board (present day)[98] [99]
The Siemens Graduate Program, which has existed since 1922, is the first university graduate program to be established at Siemens. It is an international two-year development program for Master Graduates and PhDs available in various global regions (for example Germany, Denmark, UK, Belgium, France, Spain, Switzerland, Russia, China, India, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Egypt, Brazil, and USA). The SGP consists of three work assignments, one of them abroad, within one of the Siemens Divisions, each lasting eight months. The participants are working at least in two different functional areas during their rotations and are accompanied by a personal mentor for the duration of the program.[100]
In 2014 a former Siemens executive Andres Truppel pleaded guilty to funneling nearly $100 million in bribes to Argentine government officials to win the ID card project for Siemens. Two months later Siemens agreed to pay a $1.6 billion penalty to US and German authorities to resolve the case.[101]
In January 2007, Siemens was fined €396 million by the European Commission for price fixing in EU electricity markets through a cartel involving 11 companies, including ABB, Alstom, Fuji Electric, Hitachi Japan, AE Power Systems, Mitsubishi Electric Corp, Schneider, Areva, Toshiba and VA Tech.[102] According to the Commission, "between 1988 and 2004, the companies rigged bids for procurement contracts, fixed prices, allocated projects to each other, shared markets and exchanged commercially important and confidential information."[102] Siemens was given the highest fine of €396 million, more than half of the total, for its alleged leadership role in the activity.
Siemens agreed to pay a record $1.34 billion in fines in December 2008[103] after being investigated for bribery. The investigation found questionable payments of roughly €1.3 billion, from 2002 to 2006 that triggered a broad range of inquiries in Germany, the United States and other countries.[104] In May 2007 a German court convicted two former executives of paying about €6 million in bribes from 1999 to 2002 to help Siemens win natural gas turbine supply contracts with Enel, an Italian energy company. The contracts were valued at about €450 million. Siemens was fined €38 million.[105]
Nokia Siemens supplied telecommunications equipment to the Iranian telecom company that included the ability to intercept and monitor telecommunications, a facility known as "lawful intercept". The equipment was believed to have been used in the suppression of the 2009 Iranian election protests, leading to criticism of the company, including by the European Parliament. Nokia-Siemens later divested its call monitoring business, and reduced its activities in Iran.[106][107][108][109][110][111]
Siemens has been accused of bribing Greek officials.[112][113][114] In 2008, it was revealed that Siemens had bribed the two main political parties of Greece for approximately 10 years to be the sole provider of mechanical and electrical equipment of the Greek state.[citation needed] After the exposure the German authorities moved to arrest the representatives of Siemens in Greece, who had managed to escape from the Greek authorities.[115] The German judicial system didn't allow the Greek authorities to cross-question the representatives.[citation needed] As a result, there wasn't any solid evidence against the corrupt politicians, who weren't arrested and continue to be active in the Greek political system.[citation needed] Meanwhile, the Greek state cancelled the planned business deals.[citation needed] In August 2012, the Greek government signed a settlement with Siemens for these corruption cases worth 330 million euros.[116]
The name of Siemens AG is also linked to the 1914 Siemens scandal in Japan.
In 2014 Israeli prosecutors decreed that Siemens should pay US$42.7 million penalty and appoint an external inspector to supervise its business in Israel in exchange for state prosecutors dropping charges of securities fraud. According to the indictment, "Siemens systematically paid bribes to Israel Electric Corporation executives so they would utilize their positions in order to favor and advance the interests of Siemens".[101]
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