WordNet

without possessing something at the time it is contractually sold; "he made his fortune by selling short just before the crash"
the location on a baseball field where the shortstop is stationed
low in stature; not tall; "he was short and stocky"; "short in stature"; "a short smokestack"; "a little man" (同)little
lacking foresight or scope; "a short view of the problem"; "shortsighted policies"; "shortsighted critics derided the plan"; "myopic thinking" (同)shortsighted, unforesightful, myopic
at a disadvantage; "I was caught short" (同)unawares
(primarily spatial sense) having little length or lacking in length; "short skirts"; "short hair"; "the board was a foot short"; "a short toss"
at some point or distance before a goal is reached; "he fell short of our expectations"
clean across; "the cars axle snapped short"
not holding securities or commodities that one sells in expectation of a fall in prices; "a short sale"; "short in cotton"
of speech sounds or syllables of relatively short duration; "the English vowel sounds in `pat, `pet, `pit, `pot, putt are short"
primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration; "a short life"; "a short flight"; "a short holiday"; "a short story"; "only a few short months"
so as to interrupt; "She took him up short before he could continue"
tending to crumble or break into flakes due to a large amount of shortening; "shortbread is a short crumbly cookie"; "a short flaky pie crust"
make cone-shaped; "cone a tire"
a shape whose base is a circle and whose sides taper up to a point (同)conoid, cone shape
cone-shaped mass of ovule- or spore-bearing scales or bracts (同)strobilus, strobile
any cone-shaped artifact
a visual receptor cell in the retina that is sensitive to bright light and to color (同)cone cell, retinal cone
responsive to physical stimuli; "a mimosas leaves are sensitive to touch"; "a sensitive voltmeter"; "sensitive skin"; "sensitive to light"
hurting; "the tender spot on his jaw" (同)sore, raw, tender
being susceptible to the attitudes, feelings, or circumstances of others; "sensitive to the local community and its needs"
of or pertaining to classified information or matters affecting national security
in opposition to a proposition, opinion, etc.; "much was written pro and con"
an argument opposed to a proposal
the distance (measured in the direction of propagation) between two points in the same phase in consecutive cycles of a wave
a shared orientation leading to mutual understanding; "they are on the same wavelength"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(長さ・時間・距離などが)『短い』,近い・(人が)『背が低い』・(数量・期間などが)不足の』,乏しい;目標(標準)に達しない・(文などが)『簡潔な』,手短な・『そっけない』,ぞんぞいな,無愛想な・(ケーキなどが)かりかりする,さくさくする・(母音・音節が)短い;(詩の行の母音が)強勢のない・急に,突然・短いもの;欠けているもの・短篇映画(short movie, short subject) ・=short circuit・《複数形で》不足,欠損 / …‘を'短絡させる,ショートさせる / 短絡する,ショートする
円すい,円すい形 / 円すい形のもの / 球果(松かさなど)・暴風警報球.
(五感が)『敏感な』,感じやすい / 物事を非常に気にする,神経過敏な / 感光性の;(器械などが)感度のよい
…'を'よく研究する
反対して / 反対投票,反対論
〈人〉'を'ペテンにかける
=convict
=confidence trick
〈c〉(音・光などの)波長

UpToDate Contents

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1. 低身長の原因 causes of short stature
2. 本態性環境不耐性（多種化学物質過敏症）の概要 overview of idiopathic environmental intolerance multiple chemical sensitivity
3. 特発性低身長に対する成長ホルモン治療 growth hormone treatment for idiopathic short stature
4. QT短縮症候群 short qt syndrome
5. 低身長の小児および思春期患者に対する診断的アプローチ diagnostic approach to children and adolescents with short stature

English Journal

Processing of S-cone signals in the inner plexiform layer of the mammalian retina.

Miyagishima KJ, Grünert U, Li W.Author information National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.AbstractColor information is encoded by two parallel pathways in the mammalian retina. One pathway compares signals from long- and middle-wavelength sensitive cones and generates red-green opponency. The other compares signals from short- and middle-/long-wavelength sensitive cones and generates blue-green (yellow) opponency. Whereas both pathways operate in trichromatic primates (including humans), the fundamental, phylogenetically ancient color mechanism shared among most mammals is blue-green opponency. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of how signals from short-wavelength sensitive cones are processed in the primate and nonprimate mammalian retina, with a focus on the inner plexiform layer where bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion cell processes interact to facilitate the generation of blue-green opponency.
Visual neuroscience.Vis Neurosci.2013 Sep 9:1-11. [Epub ahead of print]
Color information is encoded by two parallel pathways in the mammalian retina. One pathway compares signals from long- and middle-wavelength sensitive cones and generates red-green opponency. The other compares signals from short- and middle-/long-wavelength sensitive cones and generates blue-green
PMID 24016424

Processing of the S-cone signals in the early visual cortex of primates.

Xiao Y.Author information Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.AbstractThe short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cones play an important role in color vision of primates, and may also contribute to the coding of other visual features, such as luminance and motion. The color signals carried by the S cones and other cone types are largely separated in the subcortical visual pathway. Studies on nonhuman primates or humans have suggested that these signals are combined in the striate cortex (V1) following a substantial amplification of the S-cone signals in the same area. In addition to reviewing these studies, this review describes the circuitry in V1 that may underlie the processing of the S-cone signals and the dynamics of this processing. It also relates the interaction between various cone signals in V1 to the results of some psychophysical and physiological studies on color perception, which leads to a discussion of a previous model, in which color perception is produced by a multistage processing of the cone signals. Finally, I discuss the processing of the S-cone signals in the extrastriate area V2.
Visual neuroscience.Vis Neurosci.2013 Aug 13:1-7. [Epub ahead of print]
The short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cones play an important role in color vision of primates, and may also contribute to the coding of other visual features, such as luminance and motion. The color signals carried by the S cones and other cone types are largely separated in the subcortical visual pat
PMID 23941664

A Phe-rich region in short-wavelength sensitive opsins is responsible for their aggregation in the absence of 11-cis-retinal.

Zhang T, Fu Y.Author information Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.AbstractHuman blue and mouse S-opsin are prone to aggregation in the absence of 11-cis-retinal, which underlie the rapid cone degeneration in human patients and animal models of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). By in silico analysis and domain swapping experiments, we show that a Phe-rich region in short-wavelength sensitive (SWS) opsins, but not in medium/long-wavelength sensitive opsins, is responsible for SWS opsin aggregation. Mutagenesis studies suggest that Phe residues in this region are critical in mediating protein aggregation. Fusing the Phe-rich region of SWS opsins to GFP causes the latter to aggregate. Our findings suggest that new therapeutics can be designed to disrupt the Phe-rich region in preventing cone degeneration due to S-opsin aggregation in LCA.
FEBS letters.FEBS Lett.2013 Aug 2;587(15):2430-4. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.06.012. Epub 2013 Jun 20.
Human blue and mouse S-opsin are prone to aggregation in the absence of 11-cis-retinal, which underlie the rapid cone degeneration in human patients and animal models of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). By in silico analysis and domain swapping experiments, we show that a Phe-rich region in short-w
PMID 23792161