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1. マグネシウムバランスの調節 regulation of magnesium balance
2. 原発性副甲状腺機能亢進症の発症機序および病因 pathogenesis and etiology of primary hyperparathyroidism
3. HIV-1感染の免疫学 immunology of hiv 1 infection
4. 原発性副甲状腺機能亢進症の副甲状腺診査 parathyroid exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism

English Journal

Biological variation of β-sitosterol, campesterol, and lathosterol as cholesterol absorption and synthesis biomarkers.

Wu AH1, Ruan W2, Todd J3, Lynch KL2.Author information 1Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. Electronic address: wualan@labmed2.ucsf.edu.2Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.3Singluex Inc., Alameda, CA, United States.AbstractBACKGROUND: The analysis of blood for β-sitosterol and campesterol is the measures of cholesterol absorption while lathosterol is a measure of cholesterol synthesis.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.Clin Chim Acta.2014 Jan 4. pii: S0009-8981(13)00535-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.12.040. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: The analysis of blood for β-sitosterol and campesterol is the measures of cholesterol absorption while lathosterol is a measure of cholesterol synthesis.METHODS: The biological variability of β-sitosterol, campesterol, and lathosterol was measured using liquid-chromatography tandem mas
PMID 24394292

Left-shifted relation between calcium and parathyroid hormone in Graves' Disease.

Annerbo M, Hultin H, Stålberg P, Hellman P.Author information Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.AbstractBackground: Patients with Graves' disease (GD) have disturbances in calcium regulation with manifestations such as postoperative hypocalcemia. We have investigated the thyroid as well as the parathyroid function in detail. Material and Method: A series of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for GD (n=56) or Multi Nodular Goitre (MNG, n=50) were scrutinized for postoperative hypocalcemia, need for calcium and/or vitamin D substitution. CiCa-clamp was used in 14 patients and 21 controls to quantify the secretion of PTH in relation to the ionized plasma calcium level. The setpoint, equal to the plasma ionized calcium concentration at which 50% of the maximal secretion of PTH is inhibited, as well as other CiCa-related parameters were calculated. Results: Hypocalcemia was present in 48% of GD and 41.2% of patients with MNG postoperatively. Patients with GD had lower calcium levels, 18% had S-Ca< 2.00 mmol/L compared to 4.0% in the MNG group, p=0.02. A higher degree of GD patients were given parenteral calcium-substitution during the hospital stay (3.6% vs 0 %) and oral calcium substitution at discharge (48% vs 10%), although they had normal vitamin D3 levels. The GD group showed a significantly left-shifted setpoint compared to the normal group on CiCa clamp, 1.16 mmol/l vs. 1.20 mmol/L (p<0.001), as well as an increased PTH release to hypocalcemic stimulus. GD patients also show an association between degree of subclinical toxicosis at time of surgery and risk for developing postoperative hypocalcemia. Conclusion: Patients with GD demonstrate dysregulation of the calcium homeostasis by several parameters. GD patients have lower postoperative S-calcium compared to patients with MNG, lower calcium/PTH setpoint and a significantly increased release of PTH to hypocalcemic stimulus compared to controls. The CiCa clamp response in GD patients with normal 25-OH-vitamin D3 levels mimics that of obese patients in which vitamin D insufficiency has been proposed as an underlying cause.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2013 Dec 20:jc20132500. [Epub ahead of print]
Background: Patients with Graves' disease (GD) have disturbances in calcium regulation with manifestations such as postoperative hypocalcemia. We have investigated the thyroid as well as the parathyroid function in detail. Material and Method: A series of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for
PMID 24248181

Sodium setpoint and gradient in bicarbonate hemodialysis.

Basile C, Libutti P, Lisi P, Vernaglione L, Casucci F, Losurdo N, Teutonico A, Lomonte C.Author information Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Medicine, Miulli General Hospital, Acquaviva delle Fonti - Italy.AbstractBackground: The demonstration of an individual osmolar setpoint in hemodialysis (HD) is crucial to individualize dialysate sodium concentrations. Furthermore, the diffusive gradient between plasma and dialysate sodium is important in the "fine tuning" of the intradialytic sodium mass balance (MB). Methods: The design of this study included part A: a retrospective analysis of predialysis plasma sodium concentrations extracted from a 6-year database in our HD population (147 prevalent white anuric patients); and part B: study of intradialytic sodium kinetics in 48 patients undergoing one 4-hour bicarbonate HD session. Direct potentiometry with an ion-selective electrode was used for sodium measurements. Results: Study part A: the mean number of plasma sodium measurements per patient was 16.06 ± 14.03 over a mean follow-up of 3.55 ± 1.76 years. The mean of the averaged plasma sodium concentrations was 136.7 ± 2.1 mmol/L, with a low mean intraindividual coefficient of variation (1.39 ± 0.4). Study part B: mean predialysis and postdialysis plasma sodium concentrations were 135.8 ± 0.9 and 138.0 ± 0.9 mmol/L (p<0.001). Mean inlet dialyzer sodium concentration was 138.7 ± 1.1 mmol/L; the hourly diffusion concentration gradients showed a statistically significant transfer from dialysate to plasma (Wilks ? <0.0001). A statistically significant relationship was found between sodium MB and diffusion gradient (p<0.02), and between sodium MB and ultrafiltration volume (p<0.01). Conclusions: A relatively "fixed" and individual osmolar setpoint in HD patients was shown for the first time in a long-term follow-up. A dialysate sodium concentration of 140 mmol/L determined a dialysate to plasma sodium gradient.
Journal of nephrology.J Nephrol.2013 Dec 5;26(6):1136-42. doi: 10.5301/jn.5000236. Epub 2012 Oct 30.
Background: The demonstration of an individual osmolar setpoint in hemodialysis (HD) is crucial to individualize dialysate sodium concentrations. Furthermore, the diffusive gradient between plasma and dialysate sodium is important in the "fine tuning" of the intradialytic sodium mass balance (MB). M
PMID 23147688