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abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium; most common in postmenopausal women

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老年の,老衰の,(特に)もうろくした

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/09/06 15:17:12」(JST)

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Senile osteoporosis, formerly known as osteoporosis type II, has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology.

It has been pointed out that senile osteoporosis is the product of a skeleton in an advanced stage of life and also due to a deficiency caused by calcium, but physicians are also coming to the conclusion that multiple mechanisms in the development stages of the disease interact together and the product is an osteoporotic bone, regardless of age.^[1]

Cause

Most of the etiologic considerations regarding senile osteoporosis are not very clear for physicians yet. But based on the current evidence attached to clinical experimentation, it has been determined that the pathogenesis of the disease is clearly related to a deficiency of zinc^{[citation needed]}. Such deficiency is known to lead to an increment of endogenous heparin, which is most likely caused by mast cell degranulation, and an increase in the bone resorption (calcium discharge in the bones) reaction of prostaglandin E2, which constrain the formation of more bone mass, making bones more fragile. These co-factors are shown to play an important role in the pathogenetic process attached to senile osteoporosis as they enhance the action of the parathyroid hormone.^[2]

The intake of calcium in elder people is quite low, and this problem is worsened by a reduced capability to ingest it. This, attached to a decrease in the absorption of vitamin D concerning metabolism, are also factors that contributes to a diagnosis of osteoporosis type II.

Treatment

Even though more studies are necessary for an efficient evaluation of the role played by zinc in senile osteoporosis, doctors recommend a proper supplementation of dietary zinc.

Replacement estrogen has proved to be an efficient way to combat the loss of bone mass in women when such treatment is started in the menopausal stage of their lives. John R. Lee, a Harvard graduate who wrote a book on the subject, came to the conclusion that by adding supplementation with natural progesterone to an existing natural osteoporosis treatment program, bone density was increased every year by 3-5% until it stabilized at the bone density levels expected for a 35-year-old woman, this after studies in 100 women between 38 and 83 with an average of 62 years old.^[3]

References

^ An overview on Osteoarthritis MedicineNet. Retrieved on 2010-03-05
^ National Center for Biotechnology Information. "Etiology of senile osteoporosis" 2010-03-05.
^ Natural Progesterone And Osteoporosis Treatment Retrieved on 2010-03-05

UpToDate Contents

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1. 閉経後の女性における骨粗鬆症のマネージメントの概要 overview of the management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
2. 骨粗鬆症の予防 prevention of osteoporosis
3. 男性における骨粗鬆症の治療 treatment of osteoporosis in men
4. 骨粗鬆症性骨折のリスク評価 osteoporotic fracture risk assessment
5. 閉経後女性における骨粗鬆症に対するビスホスホネート投与 the use of bisphosphonates in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

English Journal

Risk factors for osteoporosis and factors related to the use of DXA in Norway.

Høiberg MP1, Rubin KH, Gram J, Hermann AP, Brixen K, Haugeberg G.
Archives of osteoporosis.Arch Osteoporos.2015;10:16. doi: 10.1007/s11657-015-0220-9. Epub 2015 Jun 12.
To evaluate the case-finding strategy for osteoporosis in Norway, a questionnaire concerning risk factors for osteoporosis and history of osteodensitometry was mailed to a population-based cohort of 6000 men and 6000 women. Suboptimal examination rates among high risk and reallocation of scanning ca
PMID 26067929

Factors affecting bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

Heidari B1, Hosseini R, Javadian Y, Bijani A, Sateri MH, Nouroddini HG.
Archives of osteoporosis.Arch Osteoporos.2015;10:15. doi: 10.1007/s11657-015-0217-4. Epub 2015 May 14.
This study aimed to determine the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and demographic, biochemical, and clinical features according to BMD measurement sites. The results indicated that BMD correlates negatively with menopause duration, parity, and history of fractures but positively corr
PMID 25972061

Estimating osteoporotic fracture risk following a wrist fracture: a tale of two systems.

Beattie K1, Adachi J, Ioannidis G, Papaioannou A, Leslie WD, Grewal R, MacDermid J, Hodsman AB.
Archives of osteoporosis.Arch Osteoporos.2015;10:13. doi: 10.1007/s11657-015-0218-3. Epub 2015 May 9.
The WHO fracture risk assessment (FRAX) and Canadian Association of Radiologists and Osteoporosis Canada (CAROC) tools can both be used to determine an individual's 10-year risk of osteoporotic fracture. However, these tools differ in their risk calculation. For participants <65 years with a wris
PMID 25957065