スクレレイド、厚壁細胞
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/11 21:40:47」(JST)
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Fresh mount of a sclereid
Long tapered sclereids supporting a leaf edge in
Dionysia kossinskyi
Sclereids are a reduced form of sclerenchyma cells with highly thickened, lignified cellular walls that form small bundles of durable layers of tissue in most plants.[1] The presence of numerous sclereids form the cores of apples and produce the gritty texture of pears.
Although sclereids are variable in shape, the cells are generally isodiametric, prosenchymatic, forked or elaborately branched. They can be grouped into bundles, can form complete tubes located at the periphery or can occur as single cells or small groups of cells within parenchyma tissues.
When compared with most fibres, sclereids are relatively short. Characteristic examples are brachysclereids or the stone cells (called stone cells because of their hardness) of pears (Pyrus communis) and quinces (Cydonia oblonga) and those of the shoot of the wax plant (Hoya carnosa). The cell walls fill nearly all the cell's volume. A layering of the walls and the existence of branched pits is clearly visible. Branched pits such as these are called ramiform pits. The shell of many seeds like those of nuts as well as the stones of drupes like cherries or plums are made up from sclereids.
These structures are used to protect other cells.
References
- ^ Evert, Ray F; Eichhorn, Susan E. Esau's Plant Anatomy: Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body: Their Structure, Function, and Development. Publisher: Wiley-Liss 2006. ISBN 978-0471738435
Further readings
- Mauseth, James D. (2012). Botany : An Introduction to Plant Biology (5th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1-4496-6580-7.
- Moore, Randy; Clark, W. Dennis; and Vodopich, Darrell S. (1998). Botany (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-697-28623-1.
- Chrispeels MJ, Sadava DE. (2002) Plants, Genes and Crop Biotechnology. Jones and Bartlett Inc., ISBN 0-7637-1586-7
English Journal
- Diversity and evolution of leaf anatomical characters in Taxaceae s.l.-fluorescence microscopy reveals new delimitating characters.
- Elpe C1, Knopf P2, Stützel T3, Schulz C3.
- Journal of plant research.J Plant Res.2017 Aug 17. doi: 10.1007/s10265-017-0973-x. [Epub ahead of print]
- PMID 28819805
- Sclereids are strong enough to support the delicate corollas: experimental and computational data evidence from Camellia sinensis (L.).
- Zhang W1,2, Xue Y1, Yang S1, Wang Y3, Zhao H1.
- Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2017 Mar 2;7:43788. doi: 10.1038/srep43788.
- PMID 28252101
- Function of Sitka spruce stone cells as a physical defence against white pine weevil.
- Whitehill JG1, Henderson H1, Strong W2, Jaquish B2, Bohlmann J3.
- Plant, cell & environment.Plant Cell Environ.2016 Nov;39(11):2545-2556. doi: 10.1111/pce.12810. Epub 2016 Sep 19.
- PMID 27478980
Japanese Journal
- ヘリクリサムをはじめとしたいくつかの植物の乾膜質な花葉においてみられた二次細胞壁
- マングローブ樹木の木材構造とその高緯度への適応形態
Related Links
- Sclereid definition, a short, thickened plant cell of the sclerenchyma, typically containing branched pits. See more. Thesaurus Translate Puzzles & Games Word of the Day Blog Slideshows Apps by Dictionary My Account Log Out ...
- Define sclereid. sclereid synonyms, sclereid pronunciation, sclereid translation, English dictionary definition of sclereid. n. A thick-walled lignified sclerenchyma cell. Sclereids are variable in shape and are shorter than fibers ? ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- sclereid
- 関
- スクレレイド
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- 英
- sclereid
- 関
- 厚壁細胞