savant

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1. 自閉症スペクトラム障害：臨床的特徴 autism spectrum disorder clinical features
2. 患者情報：自閉症スペクトラム障害（詳細） autism spectrum disorder beyond the basics

English Journal

Savant syndrome: realities, myths and misconceptions.

Treffert DA.Author information Agnesian HealthCare, 430 East Division Street, Fond du Lac, WI, 54935, USA, daroldt@charter.net.AbstractIt was 126 years ago that Down first described savant syndrome as a specific condition and 70 years ago that Kanner first described Early Infantile Autism. While as many as one in ten autistic persons have savant abilities, such special skills occur in other CNS conditions as well such that approximately 50 % of cases of savant syndrome have autism as the underlying developmental disability and 50 % are associated with other disabilities. This paper sorts out realities from myths and misconceptions about both savant syndrome and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that have developed through the years. The reality is that low IQ is not necessarily an accompaniment of savant syndrome; in some cases IQ can be superior. Also, savants can be creative, rather than just duplicative, and the skills increase over time on a continuum from duplication, to improvisation to creation, rather than diminishing or suddenly disappearing. Genius and prodigy exist separate from savant syndrome and not all such highly gifted persons have Asperger's Disorder. This paper also emphasizes the critical importance of separating 'autistic-like' symptoms from ASD especially in children when the savant ability presents as hyperlexia (children who read early) or as Einstein syndrome (children who speak late), or have impaired vision (Blindisms) because prognosis and outcome are very different when that careful distinction is made. In those cases the term 'outgrowing autism' might be mistakenly applied when in fact the child did not have ASD in the first place.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders.J Autism Dev Disord.2014 Mar;44(3):564-71. doi: 10.1007/s10803-013-1906-8.
It was 126 years ago that Down first described savant syndrome as a specific condition and 70 years ago that Kanner first described Early Infantile Autism. While as many as one in ten autistic persons have savant abilities, such special skills occur in other CNS conditions as well such that approx
PMID 23918440

Rapid and reversible enhancement of blood-brain barrier permeability using lysophosphatidic acid.

On NH, Savant S, Toews M, Miller DW.Author information Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.AbstractThe present study characterizes the effects of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability focusing specifically on the time of onset, duration, and magnitude of LPA-induced changes in cerebrovascular permeability in the mouse using both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and near infrared fluorescence imaging (NIFR). Furthermore, potential application of LPA for enhanced drug delivery to the brain was also examined by measuring the brain accumulation of radiolabeled methotrexate. Exposure of primary cultured brain microvessel endothelial cells (BMECs) to LPA produced concentration-dependent increases in permeability that were completely abolished by clostridium toxin B. Administration of LPA disrupted BBB integrity and enhanced the permeability of small molecular weight marker gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (Gd-DTPA) contrast agent, the large molecular weight permeability marker, IRdye800cwPEG, and the P-glycoprotein efflux transporter probe, Rhodamine 800 (R800). The increase in BBB permeability occurred within 3 minutes after LPA injection and barrier integrity was restored within 20 minutes. A decreased response to LPA on large macromolecule BBB permeability was observed after repeated administration. The administration of LPA also resulted in 20-fold enhancement of radiolabeled methotrexate in the brain. These studies indicate that administration of LPA in combination with therapeutic agents may increase drug delivery to the brain.
Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.J Cereb Blood Flow Metab.2013 Dec;33(12):1944-54. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.154. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
The present study characterizes the effects of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) on blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability focusing specifically on the time of onset, duration, and magnitude of LPA-induced changes in cerebrovascular permeability in the mouse using both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and
PMID 24045401

Effects of a fixed-dose combination strategy on adherence and risk factors in patients with or at high risk of CVD: the UMPIRE randomized clinical trial.

Thom S, Poulter N, Field J, Patel A, Prabhakaran D, Stanton A, Grobbee DE, Bots ML, Reddy KS, Cidambi R, Bompoint S, Billot L, Rodgers A; UMPIRE Collaborative Group.Collaborators (200)Armitage J, Van der Graaf Y, Pandey R, Chapman N, Gupta A, McGrady M, Chow C, Harikrishnan S, Makinen J, Perry L, Orosco C, Perry E, Khaw KT, Tandon R, Raju B, Morrell J, Laurent S, Shelley E, Tonkin A, Gaziano T, Thom S, Poulter N, Field J, Adderkin A, Anjum A, Wilson A, Dobson J, Billot L, Bompoint S, Li Q, Byrne D, Steley S, Patel A, Salam A, Patil V, Shrivastava A, Kallakuri S, Singh N, Guggilla R, Pathak N, Rathore J, Bahuleyan B, Prabhakaran D, Singh K, Khanna N, Panwar SS, Narayanan D, Jeemon P, Reddy K, Robby H, Cidambi R, Panwar RB, Gupta B, Kumar M, Chaturvedi V, Parakh N, Tyagi S, Gupta P, Saran R, Dwivedi S, Chandra S, Agarwal N, Dixit R, Dixit S, Mohan B, Gupta N, Tandon R, Sharma S, Tewari S, Kapoor A, Sharma S, Gandhi S, Negi P, Merwaha R, Kumar R, Asotra S, Roy A, Tandon N, Das S, Bhatia N, Gupta R, Khedar R, Mishra B, Bhargava A, Rohit M, Malhotra S, Achuthan S, Shafiq N, Chidambaram N, Umarani R, Karthikeyan D, Palaniappan K, Mohanan P, Davies D, Harikrishnan S, Sanjay G, Babu S, Oomman A, Saleem F, Kannan R, Sivasankaran V, Balamurali K, Dash AK, Chakravarthy K, Prafullitha J, Prasad G, Odela AK, Rao M, Rao KD, Bose PC, Padmakumari, Prasad GN, Kannaiyan A, Joy S, Gayathri, Reddy G, Rao MS, Gadkari MA, Pillay T, Kshirsagar A, Karwa S, Sarma P, Patro J, Kumar S, Kumar A, Kumar S, Rao N, Babu BR, Shasheendra, Murali, Farhana A, Kavitha, Priyanka, Reddy N, Mehrotra S, More AR, Begum M, Nazia G, Karthikeyan R, Hrudayala N, Janorkar SS, Yadav N, Rao DS, Patnaik AN, Varma J, Joshi S, Pulagam G, Mahajan M, Narahari M, Subhash BJ, Sandeep, Ramesh M, Shariff A, Parthasarathi G, Hardas SP, Savant N, Patil A, Suvarna T, Sirodariya N, Chavan A, Mozhumannil J, Trivedi H, Nesaraj K, Rajasekaran S, Demel R, Nijanth M, Stanton A, McAdam B, Williams D, Dolan E, Kavanagh L, Quinn U, Vanderpoel L, Maguire B, Shortall K, McGrath M, Collins A, McHugh S, Gallagher B, Paciello F, James R, Bunker J, Callister W, Henry-Mitchell N, Mackay J, Grobbee DE, Bots ML, Lafeber M, van Dijk M, Spiering W, Zwart L, Van Hemert G, Menninga K, Stern F, Vendrig L, Rodgers A, Patel A, Webster R, Naik N, Reddy S.
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association.JAMA.2013 Sep 4;310(9):918-29. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.277064.
IMPORTANCE: Most patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) do not take recommended medications long-term. The use of fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) improves adherence in several clinical areas. Previous trials of cardiovascular FDCs have assessed short-term effects compared with placebo or no treat
PMID 24002278