linux
- rpm -qa | grep xxxx
- rpm -ivh [package]
- rpm -e [package]
WordNet
- a steep artificial slope in front of a fortification (同)escarp, scarp, protective embankment
- a long steep slope or cliff at the edge of a plateau or ridge; usually formed by erosion (同)scarp
PrepTutorEJDIC
- revolutions per minute毎分回転数
- (地殻の断層・亀裂などによる)断崖(だんがい) / 急斜面をめぐらした城(とりで)
- roentgen / recto
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/18 21:16:15」(JST)
[Wiki ja表示]
RPM, rpm（アールピーエム）
単位
会社名
- RPM (マフラーメーカー) - オートバイのマフラーメーカー。Racing Project Murashima の略。
- RPM (日本パレットレンタル) - 日本パレットレンタルのタイ王国現地法人。RETURNABLE PACKAGING MATERIAL MANAGEMENT CO., LTD. の略。
- アールピーエム - Tonyが代表を務めるソフトウェア企画・開発・販売会社。
商品名
- r.p.m. 〜瞳の中の想い出〜 - 有限会社オデッサプロジェクトのアダルトゲームブランド「e-エ・レ・キテル」より2002年10月11日に発売された、18禁学園恋愛アドベンチャーゲーム。なるせゆうじがキャラクターデザインを担当。
- Rational Portfolio Manager - IBMソフトウェアのブランドの1つ。
- RPM - レスミルズプログラムの一種で、固定式自転車を使用したフィットネスプログラム。
- RPM - しんむらけーいちろーによる漫画作品。Option（三栄書房）にて連載。
その他
- RPM Package Manager - レッドハット社が開発したパッケージ管理システム、コマンド。
- RPM - このシステムで利用されるファイルの形式。
- ランデブー・ピッチ・マニューバ - スペースシャトルが国際宇宙ステーションにドッキングする直前に行う機体の検査。
- パワーレンジャー・RPM - 海外特撮『パワーレンジャー』シリーズの1つ。
- マリ連合（英語版） - マリの政党。
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[Wiki en表示]
For other uses, see Revolutions per minute (disambiguation).
"RPM" and "rpm" redirect here. For other uses, see RPM (disambiguation).
Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, rev/min, r/min) is a measure of the frequency of rotation, specifically the number of rotations around a fixed axis in one minute. It is used as a measure of rotational speed of a mechanical component. In the French language, tr/mn (tours par minute) is the common abbreviation. The German language uses the abbreviation U/min or u/min (Umdrehungen pro Minute).
Contents
- 1 International System of Units
- 2 Examples
- 3 See also
- 4 References
International System of Units
According to the International System of Units (SI), rpm is not a unit. This is because the word revolution is a semantic annotation rather than a unit. The annotation is instead done as a subscript of the formula sign if needed. Because of the measured physical quantity, the formula sign has to be f for (rotational) frequency and ω or Ω for angular velocity. The corresponding basic SI derived unit is s−1 or Hz. When measuring angular speed, the unit radians per second is used.
Formally,
Even though angular velocity, angular frequency and hertz have the dimensions of s−1, angular velocity and angular frequency are not expressed in hertz, but rather in the more appropriate angular unit rad·s−1. Thus a disc rotating at 60 rpm is said to be rotating at either 2π rad/s or 1 Hz, where the former measures the angular velocity and latter reflects the number of revolutions per second. The conversion between a frequency f in hertz and an angular velocity ω in radians per second are:
Examples
Main article: Orders of magnitude (angular velocity)
- On many kinds of disc recording media, the rotational speed of the medium under the read head is a standard given in rpm. Gramophone (phonograph) records, for example, typically rotate steadily at 16 2⁄3, 33 1⁄3, 45 or 78 rpm (5⁄18, 5⁄9, 3⁄4, or 1.3 Hz respectively).
- Modern ultrasonic dental drills can rotate at up to 800,000 rpm (13.3 kHz).
- The "second" hand of a conventional analogue clock rotates at 1 rpm.
- Audio CD players read their discs at a precise, constant rate (4.3218 Mbit/s of raw physical data for 1.4112 Mbit/s (176.4 kB/s) of usable audio data) and thus must vary the disc's rotational speed from 8 Hz (480 rpm) when reading at the innermost edge, to 3.5 Hz (210 rpm) at the outer edge.[1]
- DVD players also usually read discs at a constant linear rate. The disc's rotational speed varies from 25.5 Hz (1530 rpm) when reading at the innermost edge, to 10.5 Hz (630 rpm) at the outer edge.[1]
- A washing machine's drum may rotate at 500 to 2000 rpm (8–33 Hz) during the spin cycles.
- A power generation turbine (with a 2 pole alternator) rotates at 3000 rpm (50 Hz) or 3600 rpm (60 Hz), depending on country – see AC power plugs and sockets.
- Modern automobile engines are typically operated around 2000–3000 rpm (33–50 Hz) when cruising, with a minimum (idle) speed around 750–900 rpm (12.5–15 Hz), and an upper limit anywhere from 4500 to 10,000 rpm (75–166 Hz) for a road car or nearly 20,000 rpm for racing engines such as those in Formula 1 cars (currently limited to 15,000 rpm).[2] The exhaust note of V8 F1 cars have a much higher pitch than an I4 engine, because each of the cylinders of a four-stroke engine fires once for every two revolutions of the crankshaft. Thus an eight-cylinder engine turning 300 times per second will have an exhaust note of 1200 Hz.
- A piston aircraft engine typically rotates at a rate between 2000 and 3000 rpm (30–50 Hz).
- Computer hard drives typically rotate at 5400 or 7200 rpm (90 or 120 Hz), the most common speeds for the ATA or SATA-based drives in consumer models. High-performance drives (used in fileservers and enthusiast-gaming PCs) rotate at 10,000 or 15,000 rpm (160 or 250 Hz), usually with higher-level SATA, SCSI or Fibre Channel interfaces and smaller platters to allow these higher speeds, the reduction in storage capacity and ultimate outer-edge speed paying off in much quicker access time and average transfer speed thanks to the high spin rate. Until recently, lower-end and power-efficient laptop drives could be found with 4200 or even 3600 rpm spindle speeds (70 and 60 Hz), but these have fallen out of favour due to their lower performance, improvements in energy efficiency in faster models and the takeup of solid-state drives for use in slimline and ultraportable laptops. Similar to CD and DVD media, the amount of data that can be stored or read for each turn of the disc is greater at the outer edge than near the spindle; however, hard drives keep a constant rotational speed so the effective data rate is faster at the edge (conventionally, the "start" of the disc, opposite to CD/DVD).
- Floppy disc drives typically ran at a constant 300 or occasionally 360 rpm (a relatively slow 5 or 6 Hz) with a constant per-revolution data density, which was simple and inexpensive to implement, though inefficient. Some designs such as those used with older Apple computers (Lisa, early Macintosh, later II's) were more complex and used variable rotational speeds and per-track storage density (at a constant read/record rate) to store more data per disc; for example, between 394 rpm (with 12 sectors per track) and 590 rpm (8 sectors) with the Mac's 800 KB double-density drive at a constant 39.4 KB/s (max) – vs. 300 rpm, 720 KB and 23 KB/s (max) for double-density drives in other machines.[3]
- A Zippe-type centrifuge for enriching uranium spins at 90,000 rpm (1,500 Hz) or faster.[4]
- Gas turbine engines rotate at tens of thousands of rpm. JetCat model aircraft turbines are capable of over 100,000 rpm (1,700 Hz) with the fastest reaching 165,000 rpm (2,750 Hz).[5]
- A Flywheel energy storage system works at 60,000–200,000 rpm (1–3 kHz) range using a passively magnetic levitated flywheel in vacuum.[6] The choice of the flywheel material is not the most dense, but the one that pulverises the most safely, at surface speeds about 7 times the speed of sound.
- A typical 80 mm, 30 CFM computer fan will spin at 2,600–3,000 rpm on 12 V DC power.
- A millisecond pulsar can have near 50,000 rpm.
- A turbocharger can reach 290,000 rpm (4,800 Hz), while 80,000–200,000 rpm (1–3 kHz) is common.
- Molecular microbiology - molecular engines. The rotation rates of bacterial flagella have been measured to be 10,200 rpm (170 Hz) for Salmonella typhimurium, 16,200 rpm (270 Hz) for Escherichia coli, and up to 102,000 rpm (1,700 Hz) for polar flagellum of Vibrio alginolyticus, allowing the latter organism to move in simulated natural conditions at a maximum speed of 540 mm per hour. [7]
See also
- Constant angular velocity, or CAV, used when referring to the speed of gramophone (phonograph) records
- Constant linear velocity, or CLV, used when referring to the speed of audio CDs
- Orders of magnitude (angular velocity)
- Radian per second
- Rotational speed
- Frequency
- Turn (geometry)
- Redline
References
- ^ a b "Physical parameters". DVD Technical Notes. Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). 1996-07-21. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
- ^ "2014 season changes". Formula One. Retrieved 2014-08-18.
- ^ "Double-Density Versus High-Density Disks". Apple. Retrieved 2012-05-05.
- ^ "Slender and Elegant, It Fuels the Bomb". The Electricity Forum. Retrieved 2006-09-24.
- ^ "P60-SE Special Edition". JetCat USA. Retrieved 2006-07-19.
- ^ Post, Richard F. (April 1996). "A New Look at an Old Idea: The Electromechanical Battery" (PDF). Science & Technology Review (University of California): 12–19. ISSN 1092-3055. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
- ^ Magariyama, Y.; Sugiyama, S.; Muramoto, K.; Maekawa, Y.; Kawagishi, I.; Imae, Y.; Kudo, S. (October 27, 1994). "Very fast flagellar rotation". Nature 371 (6500): 752. Bibcode:1994Natur.371..752M. doi:10.1038/371752b0.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- A novel chemo-enzymatic synthesis of hydrophilic phytosterol derivatives.
- He WS1, Hu D2, Wang Y2, Chen XY2, Jia CS3, Ma HL2, Feng B3.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Feb 1;192:557-65. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.047. Epub 2015 Jul 11.
- In this study, a novel method was developed for chemo-enzymatic synthesis of hydrophilic phytosterol derivatives, phytosteryl polyethylene glycol succinate (PPGS), through an intermediate phytosteryl hemisuccinate (PSHS), which was first chemically prepared and subsequently coupled with polyethylene
- PMID 26304384
- The effect of extrusion processing on the physiochemical properties of extruded orange pomace.
- Huang YL1, Ma YS2.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Feb 1;192:363-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.07.039. Epub 2015 Jul 9.
- Soluble dietary fibre (SDF) is considered the most effective fraction of dietary fibre (DF) for human health. In this study, extrusion technology was applied to enhance the SDF obtained from orange pomace, a byproduct of juice extraction containing a high level of DF. The pomace was processed in a s
- PMID 26304360
- An efficient method for the simultaneous determination of furan, 2-methylfuran and 2-pentylfuran in fruit juices by headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector.
- Hu G1, Zhu Y2, Hernandez M2, Koutchma T2, Shao S3.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Feb 1;192:9-14. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.06.100. Epub 2015 Jun 30.
- A headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) procedure followed by gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) analysis was developed and validated for the simultaneous analysis of furan, 2-methylfuran and 2-pentylfuran from juice samples. Extraction at 32 °C for 20 min with stirring
- PMID 26304314
Japanese Journal
- Development of high-repetition-rate X-ray chopper system for time-resolved measurements with synchrotron radiation
- 血液透析患者に対する回転数を一定にした透析中の仰臥位エルゴメータ運動介入の効果
- Accurate 3-dimensional Imaging Method by Multi-static RPM with Range Point Clustering for Short Range UWB Radar
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