"Revolutionist" redirects here. For the Hemingway short story, see The Revolutionist.
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A revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution.[1] Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor.
Contents
1Definition
2Revolution and ideology
3List of notable revolutionaries
4See also
5References
6External links
Definition
The term —both as a noun and adjective— is usually applied to the field of politics, and is occasionally used in the context of science, invention or art. In politics, a revolutionary is someone who supports abrupt, rapid, and drastic change, while a reformist is someone who supports more gradual and incremental change. A conservative is someone who generally opposes such changes. A reactionary is someone who wants things to go back to the way they were before the change has happened.
Revolution and ideology
According to sociologist James Chowning Davies, political revolutionaries may be classified in two ways:
According to the goals of the revolution they propose. Usually, these goals are part of a certain ideology. In theory, each ideology could generate its own brand of revolutionaries. In practice, most political revolutionaries have been either anarchists, communists, democrats, fascists, Islamists, liberals, libertarians, nationalists, republicans, or socialists.
According to the methods they propose to use. This divides revolutionaries in two broad groups: Those who advocate a violent revolution, and those who are pacifists.
The revolutionary anarchists Mikhail Bakunin and Sergey Nechayev argued in Catechism of a Revolutionary:
The Revolutionary is a doomed man. He has no private interests, no affairs, sentiments, ties, property nor even a name of his own. His entire being is devoured by one purpose, one thought, one passion—the revolution. Heart and soul, not merely by word but by deed, he has severed every link with the social order and with the entire civilized world; with the laws, good manners, conventions, and morality of that world. He is its merciless enemy....[2]
Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara said this about revolutionaries: "At the risk of seeming ridiculous, let me say that the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love.... We must strive every day so that this love of living humanity will be transformed into actual deeds, into acts that serve as examples, as a moving force."[3]
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List of notable revolutionaries
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Abbie Hoffman
Abimael Guzmán
Abu Muslim
Adem Jashari
Adolf Hitler
Afonso I of Portugal
Agostinho Neto
Agustín de Iturbide
Ahmed Ben Bella
Ahmed Sékou Touré
Ahmad Shah Massoud
Alexander Dubček
Alexander Hamilton
Alexandre Pétion
Andreas Vokos Miaoulis
Andrés Bonifacio
Antonio Gramsci
Arminius
Aris Velouchiotis
Ashfaqulla Khan
Assata Shakur
Aung San
Aung San Suu Kyi
Ayn Rand
B. R. Ambedkar
Badal Gupta
Bagha Jatin
Batukeshwar Dutt
Bayard Rustin
Benigno Aquino, Jr.
Benito Mussolini
Benjamin Franklin
Benoy Basu
Bernadette Devlin McAliskey
Bernardo O'Higgins
Bernie Sanders
Bhagat Singh
Birsa Munda
Bob Marley
Bobby Sands
Bobby Seale
Boris Savinkov
Buenaventura Durruti
C. Odumegwu Ojukwu
Camilo Cienfuegos
Camille Desmoulins
Carlos Fonseca
Carlos Lamarca
Carlos Manuel de Céspedes
Carlos Marighella
Chapekar brothers
Chandra Shekhar Azad
Charlotte Corday
Che Guevara
Chen Qimei
Chris Hani
Christapor Mikaelian
Corazon Aquino
Damdin Sükhbaatar
Daniel Ortega
Daniel Andreas San Diego
Daniel Shays
David Ben-Gurion
Deniz Gezmiş
Desmond Tutu
Dinesh Gupta
D. S. Senanayake
Du Xinwu
Eamon De Valera
El-Ouali Mustapha Sayed
Eleftherios Venizelos
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Emma Goldman
Emiliano Zapata
Emilio Aguinaldo
Enver Hoxha
Eva Perón
Evo Morales
Farabundo Martí
François Capois
Fidel Castro
Francisco I. Madero
Martín Javier Mina y Larrea
Frantz Fanon
Fred Hampton
Frederick Douglass
Friedrich Engels
Gamal Abdel Nasser
George Lvov
George Washington
Georgy Zhukov
Georges Danton
Georgios Karaiskakis
Georgios Grivas
Guy Fawkes
Gotse Delchev
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Grigory Zinoviev
Harriet Tubman
Haydée Santamaría
Hereward the Wake
Hans Scholl
Ho Chi Minh
Hristo Botev
Huang Xing
Huey P. Newton
Hugo Chávez
Husayn ibn Ali
Ibrahim Rugova
Imre Nagy
Jack Straw
James Connolly
Jan Hus
Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale
Jatindra Nath Das
Jawaharlal Nehru
Jean-Bertrand Aristide
Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Jean-Paul Marat
Jesus Christ
Joaquín Gómez
Joe Hill
Joe Slovo
Jomo Kenyatta
John Adams
John Ball
John Brown
John Calvin
John Hancock
John Lennon
John Knox
John Reed
José Bonifácio de Andrada
José de San Martín
José Gervasio Artigas
José María Morelos
José Martí
José Rizal
Joseph Stalin
Joshua Nkomo
Josip Broz Tito
Józef Piłsudski
Jyotirao Phule
Juan Pablo Duarte
Julius Nyerere
Kader Siddique
Karl Marx
Kenneth Kaunda
Khudiram Bose
Kim Gu
Kim Il-sung
Kuchik Khan
Kwame Nkrumah
Lech Wałęsa
Leila Khaled
Leon Trotsky
Lev Kamenev
Lin Biao
Lord Byron
Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
Luís Carlos Prestes
Macario Sakay
Mahatma Gandhi
Madan Lal Dhingra
Matangini Hazra
Malcolm X
Mammad Amin Rasulzade
Mangal Pandey
Manuel Marulanda
Manuel Belgrano
Mao Zedong
Marcus Garvey
Maria Nikiforova
Maria Spiridonova
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Martin Luther
Matthew VanDyke
Maurice Bishop
Maximilien de Robespierre
Mehmet Shehu
Michael Collins
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
Mikhail Bakunin
Mohammad Hatta
Mohandas Gandhi
Muammar Gaddafi
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Muhammad Naguib
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Napoleon
Nat Turner
Nelson Mandela
Nestor Makhno
Omar Mukhtar
Oliver Cromwell
Óscar Romero
Pancho Villa
Pascual Orozco
Patrice Lumumba
Patrick Henry
Patrick Pearse
Pavel Dybenko
Pedro I of Brazil
Peter Kropotkin
Peter Tosh
Phan Bội Châu
Pridi Banomyong
Pritilata Waddedar
Pol Pot
Pope Francis
Qiu Jin
Ram Prasad Bismil
Ramón Emeterio Betances
Rani of Jhansi
Rash Behari Bose
Raúl Castro
Raúl Reyes
Rigas Feraios
Robert F. Williams
Robert William Wilcox
Rosa Luxemburg
Ruhollah Khomeini
Saad Zaghloul
Sam Nujoma
Samuel Adams
Salvador Allende
Sanjaasürengiin Zorig
Seamus Costello
Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Sheikh Bedreddin
Shivaram Rajguru
Simón Bolívar
Skanderbeg
Song Jiaoren
Sophie Scholl
Souphanouvong
Spartacus
Sri Aurobindo
Stepan Maximovich Petrichenko
Steve Biko
Subcomandante Marcos
Subhas Chandra Bose
Sukarno
Sukhdev Thapar
Sun Yat-sen
Surya Sen
Theodoros Kolokotronis
Thomas Baker
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Paine
Thomas Sankara
Tina Modotti
Tom Barry
Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk
Toussaint Louverture
Tunku Abdul Rahman
Túpac Amaru
Túpac Amaru II
Túpac Katari
Udham Singh
Václav Havel
Vasil Levski
Velupillai Prabhakaran
Venustiano Carranza
Vercingetorix
Vicente Guerrero
Viktor Chernov
Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Vladimir Herzog
Vladimir Lenin
Volkert van der Graaf
Walter Rodney
Wat Tyler
W. E. B. Du Bois
William the Silent
William Wallace
Wolfe Tone
Xanana Gusmão
Yannis Makriyannis
Yasser Arafat
Zhang Binglin
Zhang Qun
Zhang Renjie
Zhou Enlai
See also
American Revolution
Armchair revolutionary
Counter-revolutionary
Counterculture of the 1960s
Cuban Revolution
Cultural Revolution
French Revolution
Iranian Revolution
Professional revolutionaries (Leninism)
Revolutionary movement
Russian Revolution
Revolutionary socialism
Revolutionary song
Revolutionary terror
Revolutionary wave
World revolution
Revolutionary movement for Indian independence
Xinhai Revolution
References
^"ARD
^Nechayev, Spartacus Educational website by John Simkin
^"Socialism and Man in Cuba" A letter to Carlos Quijano, editor of Marcha, a weekly newspaper published in Montevideo, Uruguay; published as "From Algiers, for Marcha: The Cuban Revolution Today" by Che Guevara on March 12, 1965
External links
Castro: Revolutionary as Celebrity - slideshow by LIFE magazine
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