- v.
- 保持する、保定する
WordNet
- keep in ones mind; "I cannot retain so much information"
- allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature; "We cannot continue several servants any longer"; "She retains a lawyer"; "The familys fortune waned and they could not keep their household staff"; "Our grant has run out and we cannot keep you on"; "We kept the work going as long as we could"; "She retained her composure"; "this garment retains its shape even after many washings" (同)continue, keep, keep on
- secure and keep for possible future use or application; "The landlord retained the security deposit"; "I reserve the right to disagree" (同)hold, keep back, hold back
- hold back within; "This soil retains water"; "I retain this drug for a long time"; "the dam retains the water"
- take and maintain control over, often by violent means; "The dissatisfied students held the Presidents office for almost a week"
- keep from exhaling or expelling; "hold your breath"
- a cell in a jail or prison (同)keep
- a stronghold
- power by which something or someone is affected or dominated; "he has a hold over them"
- contain or hold; have within; "The jar carries wine"; "The canteen holds fresh water"; "This can contains water" (同)bear, carry, contain
- support or hold in a certain manner; "She holds her head high"; "He carried himself upright" (同)carry, bear
- be the physical support of; carry the weight of; "The beam holds up the roof"; "He supported me with one hand while I balanced on the beam"; "Whats holding that mirror?" (同)support, sustain, hold_up
- have or hold in ones hands or grip; "Hold this bowl for a moment, please"; "A crazy idea took hold of him" (同)take_hold
- organize or be responsible for; "hold a reception"; "have, throw, or make a party"; "give a course" (同)throw, have, make, give
- aim, point, or direct; "Hold the fire extinguisher directly on the flames"
- assert or affirm; "Rousseaus philosophy holds that people are inherently good"
- cover as for protection against noise or smell; "She held her ears when the jackhammer started to operate"; "hold ones nose"
- have as a major characteristic; "The novel holds many surprises"; "The book holds in store much valuable advise"
- hold the attention of; "The soprano held the audience"; "This story held our interest"; "She can hold an audience spellbound"
- keep from departing; "Hold the taxi"; "Hold the horse"
- remain committed to; "I hold to these ideas"
- remain in a certain state, position, or condition; "The weather held"; "They held on the road and kept marching"
- stop dealing with; "hold all calls to the Presidents office while he is in a meeting"
- supply with room and board; "He is keeping three women in the guest cottage"; "keep boarders"
- the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress (同)donjon, dungeon
- retain possession of; "Can I keep my old stuffed animals?"; "She kept her maiden name after she married" (同)hold_on
- maintain by writing regular records; "keep a diary"; "maintain a record"; "keep notes" (同)maintain
- maintain for use and service; "I keep a car in the countryside"; "She keeps an apartment in Paris for her shopping trips" (同)maintain
- keep in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., "keep clean"; "hold in place"; "She always held herself as a lady"; "The students keep me on my toes" (同)maintain, hold
- maintain in safety from injury, harm, or danger; "May God keep you" (同)preserve
- fail to spoil or rot; "These potatoes keep for a long time" (同)stay fresh
- have as a supply; "I always keep batteries in the freezer"; "keep food for a week in the pantry"; "She keeps a sixpack and a weeks worth of supplies in the refrigerator"
- hold and prevent from leaving; "The student was kept after school"
- look after; be the keeper of; have charge of; "He keeps the shop when I am gone"
- raise; "She keeps a few chickens in the yard"; "he keeps bees"
- store or keep customarily; "Where do you keep your gardening tools?"
- the act of retaining something (同)keeping, holding
- a fee charged in advance to retain the services of someone (同)consideration
- a dental appliance that holds teeth (or a prosthesis) in position after orthodontic treatment
- a wall that is built to resist lateral pressure (especially a wall built to prevent the advance of a mass of earth)
- an object in a passive construction
- continued in your keeping or use or memory; "in...the retained pattern of dancers and guests remembered" (同)maintained
PrepTutorEJDIC
- …‘を'『持ち続ける』,保持する / …‘を'記憶にとどめる,覚えている / (報酬を払って)〈弁護士など〉‘を'抱えておく
- (手などに)…‘を'『持つ』,『持っている』,つかむ,つかんでいる・〈人・物〉‘を'『押しとどめる』,押えておく,留めておく・《副詞[句]を伴って》(ある位置・状態に)〈手・足など体の一部〉‘を'『保つ』(keep) ・〈容器などが〉〈物など〉‘を'『入れている』,収容できる(進行形にできない) ・〈重い荷物など〉‘に'耐える,持ちこたえる(bear);〈物〉‘を'支える(support) ・〈職・地位など〉‘を'占める,占めている(進行形にできない) ・〈土地・財産など〉‘を'所有している(進行形にできない) ・〈会など〉‘を'開催する,〈式〉‘を'行う・〈軍隊などが〉〈土地など〉‘を'確保する;(敵などから)〈とりでなど〉‘を'守る《+『名』+『against』+『名』》・〈注意・関心・興味など〉‘を'引きつけておく,引き留めておく・〈考え・意見など〉‘を'心にいだいている・…‘と'考える,信ずる / 『しっかりと付いている』,切れ(折れ)ないでいる・(…に)『しっかりつかまっている』,しがみついている《+『to』+『名』》・(約束・信念などを)固く守る《+『to』+『名』》・《『hold』+『形』〈補〉》(…の)『ままである』・(引き続いて)有効である,当てはまる・〈U〉〈C〉(…を)‐手でつかむ(握る)こと』,把握《+『of』(『on』)+『名』》・〈U〉(人の心などを)つかむこと,支配[力],掌握《+『on』(『over』)+『名』》・〈C〉つかまるもの,手(足)がかり・(音楽の記号の)フェルマータ
- 船倉;(飛行機の)貨物室
- 〈物〉‘を'『ずっと持っている』,保持する / 〈物〉‘を'『保存しておく』,しまっておく,取っておく / 〈ある状熊〉‘を'『保ち続ける』,保つ / (ある状態・関係・場所に)〈人・物〉‘を'『保つ』,しておく,とどめておく / 〈日記・帳簿など〉‘を'つけている / 〈約束・規則・慣習など〉‘を'『守る』,‘に'従う,〈約束した時間・定められた祭りなどの日〉‘を'守る / …‘の'『管理する』,世話をする / (…から)…‘を'『守る』,保護する《+『名』+『from』+『名』》 / 《『keep』+『形』(『過分』)〈補〉》ある状態・動作などを)『保つ』,(…し)続ける,(…の)ままでいる / 《副詞[句]を伴って》(ある場所に)『ずっといる』 / 〈食物などが〉保存がきく,もつ / 〈U〉生活費;食物,糧食;(動物の)飼育費 / 〈C〉(中世の城の)本丸,天守閣
- 保持(維持)すること;保持(維持)された状態 / 保持(維持)する力 / 記憶(力)
- (中世の召し使いより上位の)家臣,家来 / 弁護士依頼料
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/08/31 17:57:05」(JST)
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- 1. Pediatric bipolar disorder: Overview of choosing treatment
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- 5. 肝紫斑病 peliosis hepatis
English Journal
- Use of confocal microscopy for nanoparticle drug delivery through skin.
- Zhang LW, Monteiro-Riviere NA.SourceKansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Manhattan, 66506-5802, USA.
- Journal of biomedical optics.J Biomed Opt.2013 Jun;18(6):061214. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.18.6.061214.
- Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is a well-used microscopic tool that provides valuable morphological and functional information within cells and tissues. The application of CLSM to skin and the topical penetration of nanoparticles (NP) will be addressed. First, we describe the advantages o
- PMID 23224242
- In vivo biodistribution and toxicology of functionalized nano-graphene oxide in mice after oral and intraperitoneal administration.
- Yang K, Gong H, Shi X, Wan J, Zhang Y, Liu Z.SourceJiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Laboratory (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
- Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2013 Apr;34(11):2787-95. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.01.001. Epub 2013 Jan 20.
- Graphene oxide (GO) and its functionalized derivatives have attracted great attention in biomedicine in recent years. A number of groups including ours have studied the in vivo behaviors of functionalized nano-graphene after intravenous injection or inhalation, and uncovered the surface coating &am
- PMID 23340196
- Chromatin structure outside and inside the nucleus.
- Ghirlando R, Felsenfeld G.SourceLaboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0540.
- Biopolymers.Biopolymers.2013 Apr;99(4):225-32. doi: 10.1002/bip.22157.
- The structure of the 30-nm chromatin fiber has provided, over the years, an important reference in chromatin studies. Originally derived from electron microscopic studies of soluble chromatin fibers released by restriction digestion, the gross structural features of such fragments have been supporte
- PMID 23348669
- Direct comparison of the generalized Visual Analog Scale (gVAS) and general Labeled Magnitude Scale (gLMS).
- Hayes JE, Allen AL, Bennett SM.SourceSensory Evaluation Center, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania ; Department of Food Science College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University University Park, Pennsylvania.
- Food quality and preference.Food Qual Prefer.2013 Apr 1;28(1):36-44. Epub 2012 Aug 10.
- Hundreds of studies have used the generalized Labeled Magnitude Scale (gLMS) to collect intensity data. Recent work on generalized affective scales like the Labeled Affective Magnitude (LAM) scale and Labeled Hedonic Scale (LHS) suggest a substantial proportion of participants fail to use the entire
- PMID 23175601
Japanese Journal
- GENEVA: Streaming Control Algorithm Using Generalized Multiplicative-increase/additive-decrease (Preprint)
- Kazuhisa Matsuzono,Hitoshi Asaeda,Osamu Nakamura,Jun Murai
- 情報処理学会論文誌 54(1), 2013-01-15
- … The results show that GENEVA enables high-performance streaming flows to retain higher streaming quality under stable conditions while minimizing the adverse impact on competing TCP performance.------------------------------This is a preprint of an article intended for publication Journal ofInformation Processing(JIP). …
- NAID 110009511458
- Halftoning by Scaling Centroidal Voronoi Regions
- 井上 光平,浦浜 喜一
- The Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 67(1), 24-26, 2013
- … Experimental results show that the generated halftone images faithfully reproduce the continuous tone in the original images and retain the structure of CVTs simultaneously. …
- NAID 130003350258
- A novel method for evaluating postsurgical results of unilateral cleft lip and palate with the use of Hausdorff distance: presurgical orthopedic treatment improves nasal symmetry after primary cheiloplasty
- Karube Rei,Sasaki Hiroyoshi,Togashi Shinji,Yanagawa Toru,Nakane Shizuo,Ishibashi Naomi,Yamagata Kenji,Onizawa Kojiro,Adachi Koji,Tabuchi Katsuhiko,Sekido Mitsuru,Bukawa Hiroki,富樫 真二,柳川 徹,山縣 憲司,鬼澤 浩司郎,足立 孝二,関堂 充,武川 寛樹
- Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology 114(6), 704-711, 2012-12
- … For the groups with and without Hotz plate treatment, the visual evaluation was higher and Hausdorff distance significantly lower in the treated group.ConclusionsThe morphologic measurement obtained using the Hausdorff distance was the closest to visual evaluation, and assessment using Hausdorff distance suggested that using a Hotz plate helps retain the symmetry of the nares after cheiloplasty. …
- NAID 120005174018
- 日本人女性の現地採用労働市場の拡大とその背景 : 2000年代半ばのシンガポールの事例
- 中澤 高志,由井 義通,神谷 浩夫
- 地理科学 67(4), 153-172, 2012-11-28
- 本稿では労働力の需要側,供給側,および両者の媒介項である人材紹介会社に焦点を当て,シンガポールにおける日本人女性の現地採用労働市場の構造を分析した.日本人女性は,以前の海外経験などを通じて培った海外志向や英語志向と,日本において感じる精神的圧力から,20歳代後半に海外就職を決意する傾向にある.その過程で英語圏の中ではビザが取りやすく,治安や生活水準の面に不安が少ないシンガポールが渡航先の1つとして …
- NAID 110009554036
Related Links
- retain 【他動】 ～を持ち続ける、～を保っている【文例】【文例】【文例】 ～を... - アルクがお届けする進化するオンライン英和・和英辞書データベース。一般的な単語や連語から、イディオム、専門用語、スラングまで幅広く収録。
- It was in this scene of strife and bloodshed that the incidents we shall attempt to relate occurred, during the third year of the war which England and France last waged for the possession of a country that neither was destined to retain.
- retainとは。意味や和訳。[他動詞]1 保有[保持]する，保っている，失わないでいる.⇒KEEP【類語】retain one's right権利を保有するretain one's beauty美しさを保っているa cloth that retains its color色があせない服地Duplicate: Please ...
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「100Cases 60」「hold」「keep」「retention」「保持」 |
| 拡張検索 | 「retained dead fetus syndrome」 |
「100Cases 60」
- attend
- vt.
- ～に出席/参列する、(学校に)行く(go toより堅い語)
- The normal ECG and chest X-ray when he attended hospital after an episode do not rule out an intermittent conduction problem.
- (結果として)～に伴う
- ～に同行/同伴する、付き添う、仕える。往診する。～の世話をする、～に気をつける、見張る
- vi.
- 出席/参列/出勤する(at)
- 留意/注目/傾聴する(to)。身を入れる、勢力を注ぐ、心を傾注する(to)。世話をする、気を配る(to)
- 仕える、付きそう(on)。(危険・困難などが)伴う(on)
- productive
- adj
- outflow
- n.
- vi.
- 流出する
- obstruction
- n.
- obstruction to outflow
- 流出障害
-
- ex.
- retain
- vt.
- palliation
- n.
- 寛解、緩和
- volvulus
- 腸捻転
- bezoar
- 胃石
- malrotation
- 腸回転異常
- intussusception
- 腸重積
- succussion
- n.
- 強く揺り動かすこと、強く揺れること
- splash
- n.
- はね返し、はねかけ。はねかす音。
- どっと流れる水。
- □unit
- 1 unit = 10 ml of ethanol
- □350ml アルコール5%
- 350x0.05/10=1.75 unit
- http://pohwa.adam.ne.jp/you/hobby/ryori/sake2.html
- 1unitの量が国によって違う。純エタノール換算で、1英unitは8g=10ml（英糖尿病協会採用の数値）、1米unitは15g（20ml弱：1drinkとも）で、日本では10～14g程度（代謝熱量80Kcalが基準：食品成分表5訂版,2002）や20ないし23g（日本酒1合分）を1unitとしている。日本の医学界では1unit=20g（体積に換算すると25ml）を採用することが多いので、ここでもそれに従う。この基準（1unit=20g=25ml）で計算すると、40度のウィスキー1ショット（＝1オンス：英液量オンスで28.41ml、米液量オンスで29.57ml、日本の1ショットで30ml）が約0.5unitとなる。5度のビールなら500mlでだいたい1unit（この、日本酒1合≒ウィスキーダブル≒ビール500cc≒1unitという関係は、覚えておくと便利かもしれない：ワインなどは日本酒に準じるので、1本750mlがだいたい4unit強である）。
- 主訴：体重減少
- (主訴にまつわる症状)
- ・4ヶ月で10kg減少、食欲の減少、嘔吐(頻度：次第に増えてきている。嘔吐物と量：何時間も前に食べたものを多量に嘔吐する)
- (主訴以外の症状)
- ・一ヶ月前から脱力感(部位：特に下肢で著しい(丘に登ったり、階段を上ったりするとき))
- 嗜好歴：喫煙 20/day、飲酒 10units/week (ビール 6本弱)
- 家族歴：なし
- 既往歴：高血圧(2年間β遮断薬で治療、4ヶ月前に服薬中止)
- 身体所見 examination
- バイタル：82/分、血圧 148/86 mmHg
- 全身：やせ、体調が悪そう(unwell)。
- 呼吸器、心血管系に異常なし
- 腹部：腫瘤触知せず、圧痛なし、振盪音/振水音を認める
- 検査所見 investigations
- 低値：ナトリウム、カリウム、クロライド、尿素
- 高値：重炭酸
- Q
- 1. これらの所見の説明は？
- 2. もっともな診断は？
- A
- ★
- 胃流出路の閉塞 ＝ 食後の嘔吐 ＋ 胃の振水音
- 高BUN ＋ 低CRE → 脱水
- 低Na,Cl,H+ → 嘔吐
- HClの喪失 → 代謝性アルカローシス
- H：細胞内→外
- K：細胞外→内
- 従って、低カリウム血症 → 筋力低下・脱力
- ★
- 胃流出路の閉塞の原因：胃癌とか胃潰瘍による瘢痕
- 診断には上部消化管内視鏡・生検(組織診)、その後にCT(局所浸潤、転移巣検索)
- 治療法：腫瘍だったら腹腔鏡による腫瘍の摘出術。その他の場合は手術をしたり、薬物療法をしたり、、、
- 学習ポイント
- ・嘔吐・嘔気 nausea and vomiting DIF.321, vomitus DIF.449 IMD.351
- 解剖で考えよう。縦に解剖、横に病因
- 鼻咽頭 扁桃、外来異物
- 食道 アカラシア、逆流性食道炎、食道癌 ・・・嚥下困難があるはず
- 胃 胃炎、消化性潰瘍、胃癌、幽門部の病変(ポリープ、癌、潰瘍；胃の出口を閉塞させる)。子供だったら幽門狭窄症
- 十二指腸：潰瘍、十二指腸炎、Billroth II法による輸出脚の閉塞、Billroth I/II法によるダンピング症候群。胆汁性胃炎も原因となる。
- 小腸：小腸閉塞(腸重積、腸回転異常症、胃石症、癌腫、限局性回腸炎)
- 結腸：潰瘍性大腸炎、アメーバ症、腫瘍男。腸間膜動脈血栓症、
- 消化管全体：Strongyloides, Ascaris, Taenia solium
- ・β遮断薬の服用中止で何が起こる？
- 狭心症や発作性の高血圧。
- なんでやめたんだろう？ → 副作用：(1%程度に)めまい、全身倦怠感、頭痛、徐脈が出現
- ・振盪音
- 腹水や胃内容物の貯留によって聴取される。
- ・BUN高値、Cre低値
- suggest a degree of dehydration
・BUN
「hold」
- v.
- n.
「keep」
- v.
「retention」
- n.