WordNet
- use recreational drugs (同)do drugs
- administer a drug to; "They drugged the kidnapped tourist" (同)dose
- a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic
- the evaluation of something a second time (or more)
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
- 『薬』,薬品,薬剤 / 『麻薬』,麻酔剤 / 〈人〉‘に'薬(特に麻酔剤)を与える / 〈飲食物〉‘に'(麻酔薬・毒薬などの)薬を混ぜる
- OLD French古[代]フランス語
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. アルコールおよびその他の薬物の有害な使用のスクリーニング screening for unhealthy use of alcohol and other drugs
- 2. リウマチ性疾患を有する男性における抗炎症剤および免疫抑制剤が性腺機能に及ぼす影響 effects of antiinflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs on gonadal function in men with rheumatic diseases
- 3. 統合失調症に対する薬物療法：持効性抗精神病薬注射製剤 pharmacotherapy for schizophrenia long acting injectable antipsychotic drugs
- 4. I群抗不整脈薬の主な副作用 major side effects of class i antiarrhythmic drugs
- 5. 薬物アレルギー患者へのアプローチ an approach to the patient with drug allergy
English Journal
- Reintroduction of Cow's Milk in Milk-Allergic Children.
- Nicolaou N, Tsabouri S, Priftis KN.Author information University of Manchester University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust Manchester M23 9LT, UK. nic.nicolaou@gmail.com.AbstractEven though cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common food allergies in childhood, its prognosis is generally good and cow's milk (CM) is usually reintroduced in the patient's diet. The natural history of CMPA shows heterogeneity and is closely related to the immunological and clinical phenotype by which CMPA presents. Children with non-IgE-mediated CMPA tend to develop tolerance at an earlier age and at a higher percentage compared to those with IgE-mediated disease. In subjects with severe symptoms CMPA may persist for longer or ever. Although, the majority of children will outgrow their allergy, the individual timing of tolerance acquisition is largely unknown. Most of the current guidelines on the diagnosis and management of CMPA suggest reevaluation of milk- allergic children every 6-12 months, and reintroduction of CM after a negative Oral Food Challenge (OFC). However, OFC procedure is time consuming, expensive and not without risk. Clinical variables and the measurements of sIgE levels and SPT wheal sizes to crude (whole) CM protein and individual milk protein components may provide some useful prognostic information in the course of CMPA. However, no clear-cut clinical or laboratory criteria exist to predict which children and at what age are more likely to pass a repeat (reintroduction) OFC. The identification of factors that could accurately predict the outcome of reintroduction OFC and the timing of tolerance development would be extremely useful in daily clinical practice. Until recently, reintroduction of CM was commonly attempted when children with CMPA were more likely to have become tolerant. Over the last years, a different approach in the management of milk and egg allergy has emerged with specific oral tolerance induction (SOTI) as a promising method for the treatment of food allergies. Furthermore, a number of studies have shown evidence that introduction of heated milk and egg protein into the diet of allergic patients may induce the acquisition of tolerance. Still, the question of when and how to reintroduce cow's milk in milk-allergic children remains challenging and further research in this important field is necessary to provide both clinicians and anxious parents with the desirable answer.
- Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets.Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets.2014 Jan 21. [Epub ahead of print]
- Even though cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common food allergies in childhood, its prognosis is generally good and cow's milk (CM) is usually reintroduced in the patient's diet. The natural history of CMPA shows heterogeneity and is closely related to the immunological and clin
- PMID 24450449
- Implications of prion adaptation and evolution paradigm for human neurodegenerative diseases.
- Kabir ME1, Safar JG2.Author information 1Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, OH USA.2Department of Pathology; School of Medicine; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, OH USA; Department of Neurology; School of Medicine; Case Western Reserve University; Cleveland, OH USA.AbstractThere is a growing body of evidence indicating that number of human neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, fronto-temporal dementias, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, propagate in the brain via prion-like intercellular induction of protein misfolding. Prions cause lethal neurodegenerative diseases in humans, the most prevalent being sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD); they self-replicate and spread by converting the cellular form of prion protein (PrPC) to a misfolded pathogenic conformer (PrPSc). The extensive phenotypic heterogeneity of human prion diseases is determined by polymorphisms in the prion protein gene, and by prion strain-specific conformation of PrPSc. Remarkably, even though informative nucleic acid is absent, prions may undergo rapid adaptation and evolution in cloned cells and upon crossing the species barrier. In the course of our investigation of this process, we isolated distinct populations of PrPSc particles that frequently co-exist in sCJD. The human prion particles replicate independently and undergo competitive selection of those with lower initial conformational stability. Exposed to mutant substrate, the winning PrPSc conformers are subject to further evolution by natural selection of the subpopulation with the highest replication rate due to the lowest stability. Thus, the evolution and adaptation of human prions is enabled by a dynamic collection of distinct populations of particles, whose evolution is governed by the selection of progressively less stable, faster replicating PrPSc conformers. This fundamental biological mechanism may explain the drug resistance that some prions gained after exposure to compounds targeting PrPSc. Whether the phenotypic heterogeneity of other neurodegenerative diseases caused by protein misfolding is determined by the spectrum of misfolded conformers (strains) remains to be established. However, the prospect that these conformers may evolve and adapt by a prion-like mechanism calls for the reevaluation of therapeutic strategies that target aggregates of misfolded proteins, and argues for new therapeutic approaches that will focus on prior pathogenetic steps.
- Prion.Prion.2014 Jan 8;8(1). [Epub ahead of print]
- There is a growing body of evidence indicating that number of human neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, fronto-temporal dementias, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, propagate in the brain via prion-like intercellular induction of protein misfolding. Prions ca
- PMID 24401672
- Medical management of refractory epilepsy-Practical treatment with novel antiepileptic drugs.
- Ben-Menachem E.Author information Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.AbstractThe ultimate treatment goal in epilepsy therapy is always freedom from seizures with as few treatment adverse effects as possible. If seizures persist with the first monotherapy, alternative monotherapy with another antiepileptic drug (AED) should be considered. Continuing seizures should lead to a reevaluation of differential diagnosis and adherence. Epilepsy surgery as an alternative therapy may be suitable in selected cases. If the diagnosis of epilepsy is established and epilepsy surgery is not appropriate, AED treatment should be optimized. Evidence for how to proceed is lacking. Concepts such as rational polytherapy have been advocated but remain speculative concerning better efficacy based on the use of AEDs with differing modes of action. A variety of new AEDs including rufinamide, lacosamide, vigabatrin, perampanel, and retigabine have been recently introduced in the United States. They are briefly characterized in this update review.
- Epilepsia.Epilepsia.2014 Jan;55 Suppl 1:3-8. doi: 10.1111/epi.12494.
- The ultimate treatment goal in epilepsy therapy is always freedom from seizures with as few treatment adverse effects as possible. If seizures persist with the first monotherapy, alternative monotherapy with another antiepileptic drug (AED) should be considered. Continuing seizures should lead to a
- PMID 24400690
Japanese Journal
- 気管支喘息の病態におけるヒスタミンの役割と抗ヒスタミン薬の臨床的有用性の再検証
- 山内 広平,鹿内 俊樹,中村 豊 [他],小林 仁,小笠原 正人,前山 一隆
- YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 131(2), 185-191, 2011
- … Histamine has been reported to play an important role in pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. … However, H1-blockers are not recommended as the first drug for asthma therapy in the guidelines. … We therefore evaluated its role in allergic airway inflammation with the use of histamine-deficient mice. … The results suggested that histamine plays a role in the prevention of goblet cell hyperplasia. …
- NAID 130000451448
- 医薬品の再評価の歴史
- 高橋 春男
- 薬史学雑誌 45(2), 93-100, 2010-12-30
- NAID 10029416290
- エビデンスによる漢方の再構築 : メタボリックシンドロームに対する防風通聖散の有効性の検討
- 日置 智津子,荒井 勝彦,高士 将典,新井 信
- 医療薬学 34(6), 513-521, 2008-06-10
- … Obesity is one of the most common metabolic diseases, and obesity-associated disorders have reached epidemic proportions. … It has been noted that excessive fat tissue in and around the abdomen leads to the very common disorder of metabolic syndrome but effective prophylactic agents and methods for treating it have not yet been discovered. …
- NAID 110006782056
Related Links
- The drug reevaluation system was established to review the quality, efficacy and safety of drugs approved in the past based on current medical and pharmaceutical scientific standards. There have been three reevaluations of ethical drugs in ...
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「薬効再評価」 |
| 拡張検索 | 「reevaluation of drug efficacy」 |
| 関連記事 | 「reevaluation」「drug」 |
「薬効再評価」
「reevaluation of drug efficacy」
「reevaluation」
- n.
「drug」
- 同
- drugs