reciprocal innervation

• 相反神経支配、相反性神経支配

WordNet

1. of or relating to the multiplicative inverse of a quantity or function; "the reciprocal ratio of a:b is b:a"
2. something (a term or expression or concept) that has a reciprocal relation to something else; "risk is the reciprocal of safety"
3. concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return; "reciprocal aid"; "reciprocal trade"; "mutual respect"; "reciprocal privileges at other clubs" (同)mutual
4. the distribution of nerve fibers to an organ or body region

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 相互の(mutual) / お返しの,報いの / (文法で)相互の / 逆数,反数

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/14 12:42:25」(JST)

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René Descartes (1596–1650) was one of the first to conceive a model of reciprocal innervation (in 1626) as the principle that provides for the control of agonist and antagonist muscles. Reciprocal innervation describes skeletal muscles as existing in antagonistic pairs, with contraction of one muscle producing forces opposite to those generated by contraction of the other. For example, in the human arm, the triceps acts to extend the lower arm outward while the biceps acts to flex the lower arm inward. To reach optimum efficiency, contraction of opposing muscles must be inhibited while muscles with the desired action are excited. This reciprocal innervation occurs so that the contraction of a muscle results in the simultaneous relaxation of its corresponding antagonist.

A common example of reciprocal innervation, is the effect of the nociceptive (or nocifensive) reflex, or defensive response to pain, otherwise commonly known as the withdrawal reflex; a type of involuntary action of the body to remove the body part from the vicinity of an offending object by contracting the appropriate muscles (usually flexor muscles), while relaxing the extensor muscles.

The significance of Descartes’ Law of Reciprocal Innervation has been additionally highlighted by recent research and applications of bioengineering concepts, such as optimal control and quantitative models of the motor impulses sent by the brain to control eye motion.

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• 5. 気道の神経制御 neuronal control of the airways

English Journal

• Vasa Nervorum in Rat Major Pelvic Ganglion are Innervated by Nitrergic Nerve Fibers.

• Beetson KA, Smith SF, Muneer A, Cameron NE, Cotter MA, Cellek S.SourceCranfield Health, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK.
• The journal of sexual medicine.J Sex Med.2013 Sep 12. doi: 10.1111/jsm.12313. [Epub ahead of print]
• INTRODUCTION: The vasa nervorum comprises a network of small diameter blood vessels that provide blood supply to nerves and ganglia. The cell bodies of autonomic nerves innervating the urogenital organs are housed in the major pelvic ganglia (MPG) in rats. The vasa nervorum of rat MPG have not been
• PMID 24034566

• The in vivo regulation of heart rate in the murine sinoatrial node by stimulatory and inhibitory heterotrimeric G proteins.

• Sebastian S, Ang R, Abramowitz J, Weinstein LS, Chen M, Ludwig A, Birnbaumer L, Tinker A.SourceWilliam Harvey Heart Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, United Kingdom;
• American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol.2013 Aug 15;305(4):R435-42. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00037.2013. Epub 2013 May 22.
• Reciprocal physiological modulation of heart rate is controlled by the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems acting on the sinoatrial (SA) node. However, there is little direct in vivo work examining the role of stimulatory and inhibitory G protein signaling in the SA node. Thus, we designed a stu
• PMID 23697798

• The Pathophysiological Basis of Renal Nerve Ablation for the Treatment of Hypertension.

• Ziakas A, Gossios T, Doumas M, Karali K, Megarisiotou A, Stiliadis I.Source1st Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece. tonyziakas@hotmail.com.
• Current vascular pharmacology.Curr Vasc Pharmacol.2013 Jul 31. [Epub ahead of print]
• Renal sympathetic innervation plays an important role in blood pressure regulation. Gradual activation of renal sympathetic efferent nerves enhances renin release, promotes sodium and water re-absorption, and reduces renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. On the other hand, activation of r
• PMID 23905601

Japanese Journal

• 現代弓道の指針 : 「離れ」の科学

• 橋本 眞也
• いわき明星大学科学技術学部研究紀要 (27), 50-58, 2014-03
• NAID 40020030047

• 瞳孔に関する最近の知見

• 吉冨 健志,山地 一禎,石川 均
• 神経眼科 = Neuro-ophthalmology Japan 21(2), 116-120, 2004-06-25
• NAID 10020468577

• 大腿直筋の筋活動パターン特性 : 遂行運動の違いが二関節筋の部位別筋活動に与える影響

• 園部 俊晴,勝木 秀治,堤 文生
• 理学療法学 29(7), 245-249, 2002-12-20
• 今回の研究の目的は,二関節筋の多関節運動におけるメカニズムを理解することである。特に,同一筋内の部位別の筋活動比の違いに着目した。二関節筋のうち大腿直筋を用いて,健常成人10名(男性6名,女性4名)を対象とし,4つの遂行運動(大腿直筋が協同的に働く(1)膝関節伸展,(2)股関節屈曲,また協同的作用と拮抗的作用を同時に果たす複合運動として(3)膝関節股関節同時屈曲,(4)膝関節股関節同時伸展)での大 …
• NAID 110003993111

Related Links

• reciprocal innervation - definition of reciprocal innervation in ...

innervation (in´urvā´shən), n the distribution or supply of nerves to a part. innervation, reciprocal, n the simultaneous excitation of one muscle with the inhibition of its antagonist. Rhythmic chewing is achieved efficiently when the ...

• Reciprocal innervation | Online references | cyclopaedia.net

During the initiation of an eye movement, increased innervation to an extraocular muscle is accompanied by simultaneous inhibition ( a reciprocal decrease in innervation ) of the direct antagonist of the contracting muscle of the same ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「相反神経支配」「相反性神経支配」
関連記事	「reciprocal」「innervation」

「相反神経支配」

　　[★]

英

reciprocal innervation

同

相互支配、交互支配、逆支配

「相反性神経支配」

　　[★]

英

reciprocal innervation

関

相反神経支配

「reciprocal」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 相互の。互恵的な
• (文法)相互関係の。(遺伝)相反の(交雑など)、交互の、交換的な(転座)

reciprocal translocation 相互転座

• 仕返しの、報いの、代償的な
• 相反する。(数学)相反の、逆の

• n.

• reciprocalな関係にあるもの。(数学)逆数、反数

　 　 　 　

「innervation」

　　[★]

• n.

• 神経支配

関

innervate