WordNet

in a realistic manner; "the figure was realistically painted"
in a realistic manner; "lets look at the situation realistically"
of or relating to the philosophical doctrine of realism; "a realistic system of thought"
aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are; "a realistic description"; "a realistic view of the possibilities"; "a realistic appraisal of our chances"; "the actors tried to create a realistic portrayal of the Africans"
in an unrealistic manner; "his expectations were unrealistically high"

PrepTutorEJDIC

現実[主義]的に / 写実的に / 実在論的に
『現実主義の』,現実的(実際的)な / 写実的な,写実主義の / 実在論の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/09/28 00:17:22」(JST)

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Look up realism, realist, or realistic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Realism, Realistic, or Realists may refer to:

Realism (arts), the general attempt to depict subjects truthfully
Realism art movement, 19th century painting movement
Realism (international relations), the view that world politics are driven by competitive self-interest
Realism (theatre), 19th century theatre movement focused on bringing fidelity of real life to texts and performances
Literary realism, a literary movement stressing the depiction of contemporary life and society as it exists or existed
Philosophical realism, belief that reality exists independently of observers
Moral realism or ethical realism, a non-nihilist view of morality that claims ethical sentences express propositions made true by objective features of the world, independent of subjective opinion
Scientific realism, the doctrine that certain objects or theories in science are real
Depressive realism, a theory that individuals suffering from clinical depression have a more accurate view of reality
Ethnographic realism, a writing style that narrates the author's anthropological observations as if they were first-hand
Legal realism, a jurisprudence emphasizing the substantive results of the law
Tactical realism, a genre of combat simulations in computer gaming
Magic realism, a literary genre
Realism theory, the belief that cognitive biases are not "errors", but rather methods of dealing with the "real world"
Vienna School of Fantastic Realism, art movement

Media

Realism (The Magnetic Fields album), an album by The Magnetic Fields
Realism (Steril album), an album by Steril
Realistic (album), an album by Ivy
Realistic (brand), a brand of home audio electronics produced by RadioShack
Realists, a typeface in VOX-ATypI classification

UpToDate Contents

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1. 心的外傷後ストレス障害の心理療法 psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder
2. 職業性腰痛：治療 occupational low back pain treatment
3. 成人における神経性大食症：認知行動療法（CBT） bulimia nervosa in adults cognitive behavioral therapy cbt
4. 肝移植の患者選択 patient selection for liver transplantation
5. 尿失禁女性の尿流動態検査 urodynamic evaluation of women with incontinence

English Journal

From distress to illness: a critical analysis of medicalization and its effects in clinical practice.

Jacob JD1, Gagnon M, McCabe J.Author information 1School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON.AbstractACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: Construct validity of 'mental illness' remains elusive and has been replaced by the more manageable problem of reliability. Health-care professionals may reliably diagnose similar clusters of symptoms but, realistically speaking, these conditions may not be mental disorders. Labelling individuals as mentally ill only accentuates the burden of disease by situating the problem within the person, rather than to engage in the difficult task of addressing the contextual elements that may be at the source of distress. Drawing on research findings in the field of HIV/AIDS nursing, we can see the impact of psychiatric pathologization of women who experience treatment-induced body changes and subsequently, must accept that their response to these changes become the target of psychiatric labelling and interventions. We believe that health-care providers first need to challenge the idea that distress associated with lipodystrophy should result in pathologization. We argue that nurses should be at the forefront of such an initiative because they have the professional responsibility to act as patient advocates.
Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing.J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs.2014 Apr;21(3):257-63. doi: 10.1111/jpm.12078. Epub 2013 May 3.
ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: Construct validity of 'mental illness' remains elusive and has been replaced by the more manageable problem of reliability. Health-care professionals may reliably diagnose similar clusters of symptoms but, realistically speaking, these conditions may not be mental disorders. Labe
PMID 23638977

Scatter Characterization and Correction for Simultaneous Multiple Small-Animal PET Imaging.

Prasad R1, Zaidi H.Author information 1Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Geneva University Hospital, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.AbstractPURPOSE: The rapid growth and usage of small-animal positron emission tomography (PET) in molecular imaging research has led to increased demand on PET scanner's time. One potential solution to increase throughput is to scan multiple rodents simultaneously. However, this is achieved at the expense of deterioration of image quality and loss of quantitative accuracy owing to enhanced effects of photon attenuation and Compton scattering. The purpose of this work is, first, to characterize the magnitude and spatial distribution of the scatter component in small-animal PET imaging when scanning single and multiple rodents simultaneously and, second, to assess the relevance and evaluate the performance of scatter correction under similar conditions.
Molecular imaging and biology : MIB : the official publication of the Academy of Molecular Imaging.Mol Imaging Biol.2014 Apr;16(2):199-209. doi: 10.1007/s11307-013-0683-2.
PURPOSE: The rapid growth and usage of small-animal positron emission tomography (PET) in molecular imaging research has led to increased demand on PET scanner's time. One potential solution to increase throughput is to scan multiple rodents simultaneously. However, this is achieved at the expense o
PMID 23990147

A Reconsideration of Sex Differences in Response to Sexual and Emotional Infidelity.

Kato T.Author information Department of Social Psychology, Toyo University, 5-26-20, Hakusan, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 112-8606, Japan, mtsukasa@hotmail.com.AbstractPrevious studies have found that males are more upset over sexual infidelity than females whereas females are more upset over emotional infidelity than males. We hypothesized that such sex differences are explained by explicit sexual imagery by males. The hypothesis was tested in a laboratory using vivid infidelity scenarios and photographs to induce detailed and sexually oriented imagery of a partner's infidelity. In the main experiment, participants included 64 males and 64 females who were currently in committed relationships. The results showed that participants became more upset when they imagined sexual infidelity vividly and realistically than when they did not and there were no significant sex differences in jealousy found when sexual infidelity was imagined in this matter. Overall, our findings suggested that the sex differences in jealousy resulted from males' tendency to imagine sexual infidelity more vividly than females.
Archives of sexual behavior.Arch Sex Behav.2014 Mar 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Previous studies have found that males are more upset over sexual infidelity than females whereas females are more upset over emotional infidelity than males. We hypothesized that such sex differences are explained by explicit sexual imagery by males. The hypothesis was tested in a laboratory using
PMID 24647817

Hierarchical network meta-analysis models to address sparsity of events and differing treatment classifications with regard to adverse outcomes.

Warren FC1, Abrams KR, Sutton AJ.Author information 1University of Exeter Medical School, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, U.K.AbstractMeta-analysis for adverse events resulting from medical interventions has many challenges, in part due to small numbers of such events within primary studies. Furthermore, variability in drug dose, potential differences between drugs within the same pharmaceutical class and multiple indications for a specific treatment can all add to the complexity of the evidence base. This paper explores the use of synthesis methods, incorporating mixed treatment comparisons, to estimate the risk of adverse events for a medical intervention, while acknowledging and modelling the complexity of the structure of the evidence base. The motivating example was the effect on malignancy of three anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) drugs (etanercept, adalimumab and infliximab) indicated to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Using data derived from 13 primary studies, a series of meta-analysis models of increasing complexity were applied. Models ranged from a straightforward comparison of anti-TNF against non-anti-TNF controls, to more complex models in which a treatment was defined by individual drug and its dose. Hierarchical models to allow 'borrowing strength' across treatment classes and dose levels, and models involving constraints on the impact of dose level, are described. These models provide a flexible approach to estimating sparse, often adverse, outcomes associated with interventions. Each model makes its own set of assumptions, and approaches to assessing goodness of fit of the various models will usually be extremely limited in their effectiveness, due to the sparse nature of the data. Both methodological and clinical considerations are required to fit realistically complex models in this area and to evaluate their appropriateness. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Statistics in medicine.Stat Med.2014 Mar 13. doi: 10.1002/sim.6131. [Epub ahead of print]
Meta-analysis for adverse events resulting from medical interventions has many challenges, in part due to small numbers of such events within primary studies. Furthermore, variability in drug dose, potential differences between drugs within the same pharmaceutical class and multiple indications for
PMID 24623455

Japanese Journal

「教育」の定義の分析と再構築に関する研究 (2)

紺野祐,走井洋一,小池孝範,清多英羽,奥井現理,KONNO Yu,HASHIRII Yoichi,KOIKE Takanori,SETA Hideha,OKUI Genri
秋田大学教育文化学部研究紀要. 教育科学 68, 75-86, 2013-03-31
… That is, this paper tries to specify an realistically actual perspective of the term "Education", with confirming in what meaning the term "Education" has been used in some specific communities on the history of educational thought, and therewith making the concept of the "Education" more accurate. …
NAID 110009561169

野菜栽培の楽しみを共有する家庭用植物工場「plant home」のデザイン開発

原寛道,垂水茂喜,橋本潤,佐々木和,辻奈穂子
デザイン学研究作品集 18(18), 12-15, 2013-03-30
植物工場は、主に葉菜類の無農薬野菜を気候に影響を受けずに安定かつ高効率に供給できる。近年、LEDなどの技術向上によって、人工光型植物工場が実用可能になり、次世代の食糧問題を解決するものとして着目を浴びている。本デザイン開発では、その技術を素人でも利用しやすくすることによって、身近な家庭で野菜を楽しんで栽培し、生活を豊かにすることを目指した。家庭の卓上で野菜を栽培して、おいしく食べられることが具現化 …
NAID 110009612468

The Events of Russian History from 1917 to 1922 in Realistically Grotesque Portrayal by Viktor Shklovsky

Shatova Irina
上智ヨーロッパ研究 (5), 26, 2013-02-28
NAID 110009552520

Stop the Clocks : Vonnegut' s Conception of Time in Slaughterhouse-Five

Yoshizu Kyohei
比較社会文化研究 33, 85-90, 2013-02-15
… This technique is an attempt to represent human consciousness more realistically by attempting to describe the way we perceive time (namely our psychological time) instead of the "objective" time read on the clocks. …
NAID 120005227134