放射線網膜症
WordNet
- the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay (同)radioactivity
- energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles
- the act of spreading outward from a central source
- a radial arrangement of nerve fibers connecting different parts of the brain
- the spread of a group of organisms into new habitats
- a disease of the retina that can result in loss of vision
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉(光・熱・放射能などの)発散,放射 / 〈C〉放射物;放射線;輻射(ふくしゃ)熱 / 〈C〉(喜び・幸福感などの)発散《+『of』+『名』》 / =radioactivity
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/05/24 03:38:50」(JST)
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Radiation retinopathy
[1]
Radiation retinopathy is damage to retina due to exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiation retinopathy has a delayed onset, typically after months or years of radiation, and is slowly progressive. In general, radiation retinopathy is seen around 18 months after treatment with external-beam radiation and with brachytherapy. The time of onset of radiation retinopathy is between 6 months to 3 years.[2]
An exposure to doses of 30-35 grays (Gy) or more is usually required to induce clinical symptoms, however, retinopathy may develop after as little as 15 Gy of external-beam radiation. A reported safe dose is 30 Gy (3,000 rad): 10 Gy (1,000 rad) per week in five fractions of 2 Gy (200 rad).[1]
Contents
- 1 Pathophysiology
- 2 Presentation
- 3 Treatment
- 4 References
Pathophysiology
Radiation retinopathy is very similar to other vascular diseases. Diabetes and radiation primarily damage the retinal capillaries. Diabetes results in early loss of pericytes and thickening of the basement membrane. Radiation however, damages the endothelial cells.
Presentation
Clinically, affected patients may be asymptomatic or may complain of decreased visual acuity. Ophthalmic examination may reveal signs of retinal vascular disease, including cotton-wool spots, retinal hemorrhages, microaneurysms, perivascular sheathing, capillary telangiectasis, macular edema, and disc edema. Capillary non perfusion, documented by fluorescein angiography, is commonly present, and extensive retinal ischemia can lead to neovascularization of the retina, iris, and disc. Staging of radiation retinopathy has been proposed.[3]
Treatment
The management of radiation retinopathy is similar to that for diabetic retinopathy and includes focal laser therapy to reduce macular edema or panretinal photocoagulation to treat zones of ischemia and neovascularization. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factors have been recently used for the treatment of radiation retinopathy.[4] Monitoring of visual acuity in all cases and early referral to the ophthalmologist is warranted.
References
- ^ a b Gupta, Abha; Dhawahir-Scala, Felipe; Smith, Amy; Young, Lorna; Charles, Steve (1 January 2007). "Radiation Retinopathy: Case report and review". BMC Ophthalmology. 7 (1): 6. doi:10.1186/1471-2415-7-6.
- ^ American Academy of Ophthalmology (2012). Retina and vitreous (2011-2012 ed.). ISBN 9781615251193.
- ^ Finger, PT; Kurli, M (Jun 2005). "Laser photocoagulation for radiation retinopathy after ophthalmic plaque radiation therapy.". The British journal of ophthalmology. 89 (6): 730–8. doi:10.1136/bjo.2004.052159. PMC 1772675 . PMID 15923510.
- ^ Finger, PT; Mukkamala, SK (Jul–Aug 2011). "Intravitreal anti-VEGF bevacizumab (Avastin) for external beam related radiation retinopathy.". European journal of ophthalmology. 21 (4): 446–51. doi:10.5301/EJO.2011.6213. PMID 21218391.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Acute and late toxicity of bilateral orbital irradiation in the management of primary intraocular lymphoma.
- Milgrom SA1, Cheah CY2, Pinnix CC1, Smith GL1, Dabaja BS1, Horace P1, Chevez-Barrios P3, Fowler NH2, Gombos DS4.
- Leukemia & lymphoma.Leuk Lymphoma.2016 Nov;57(11):2612-8. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2016.1166490. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
- Primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) is a rare malignancy with poor outcomes. Concerns regarding toxicity lead some clinicians to exclude orbital radiation therapy (RT). We aimed to quantify the ocular toxicity of RT in 11 PIOL patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy and bilateral orbital RT (median
- PMID 27075636
- Expression of early and late cellular damage markers by ARPE-19 cells following prolonged treatment with UV-A radiation.
- Tringali G1, Sampaolese B2, Clementi ME2.
- Molecular medicine reports.Mol Med Rep.2016 Oct;14(4):3485-9. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5649. Epub 2016 Aug 19.
- Pathological alterations to the retinal pigment epithelium underlie several eye diseases, which lead to visual impairment and even blindness. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is associated with some skin and ocular pathologies; UV radiation may induce DNA breakdown and cause cellular damage th
- PMID 27573029
- EXTERNAL BEAM RADIATION FOR CHOROIDAL LYMPHOMA: Efficacy and Complications.
- Mashayekhi A1, Hasanreisoglu M, Shields CL, Shields JA.
- Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.).Retina.2016 Oct;36(10):2006-12. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001026.
- PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy and safety of external beam radiation for treatment of choroidal lymphoma (CL).DESIGN: Retrospective case series.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-five eyes of 24 patients with CL treated with external beam radiation.METHOD: Review of medical records.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Tumo
- PMID 27031528
Japanese Journal
- 蝶形骨洞部腺様囊胞癌に対する重粒子線治療により放射線網膜症を発症した1例 (第69回 日本臨床眼科学会講演集(1))
- 臨床報告 重粒子線癌治療後に発症した放射線網膜症および血管新生緑内障の1例
- 照射後13年経過してから視力低下を自覚した放射線網膜症の1例
Related Links
- Proliferative Radiation Retinopathy after Plaque Radiotherapy for Uveal Melanoma Carlos Bianciotto, MD, Carol L. Shields, MD, Cesare Pirondini, MD, Arman Mashayekhi, MD, Minoru Furuta, MD, Jerry A. Shields, MD Purpose: To ...
- Oct 1 2014 by David Callanan, MD 80-year-old patient, radiation retinopathy. Condition/keywords: radiation retinopathy
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