quiver

　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. shake with fast, tremulous movements; "His nostrils palpitated" (同)quake, palpitate
2. case for holding arrows

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (通例小刻みに,またはわずかに)『震える』 / (…の)(通例小刻みの,またはわずかな)震え,震動《+『of』(『in』+『名』》
2. えらび,天筒(矢を入れて背や肩に負う)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/25 13:46:47」(JST)

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For other uses, see Quiver (disambiguation).

Three quivers

A quiver is a container for arrows, bolts, or darts. Quivers can be attached in various positions on an archer's body, the bow, or the ground, depending on the type of shooting and the archer's personal preference. Quivers were traditionally made of leather, wood, furs, and other natural materials, but are now often made of metal or plastic.

Types

File:Bayeux Tapestry scene51 Battle of Hastings Norman knights and archers.jpg

Norman archers depicted in the Bayeux Tapestry. The top left archer was caught unprepared and has hastily thrown his belt quiver about his shoulders, as well as forgotten his helmet.

Belt quiver

The most common style of quiver is a flat or cylindrical container suspended from the belt. They are found across many cultures from North America to China. Many variations of this type exist, such as being canted forwards or backwards, and being carried on the dominant hand side, off-hand side, or the small of the back. Some variants enclose almost the entire arrow, while minimalist "pocket quivers" consist of little more than a small stiff pouch that only covers the first few inches.

Back quiver

Back quivers are secured to the archer's back via straps, with the nock ends protruding above the dominant hand's shoulder. Arrows can drawn over the shoulder rapidly by the nock. This style of quiver was used by Native American tribes of North America and tribes in Africa. The Japanese Samurai also used quivers on their backs, called Yebira, while both on foot and horseback. While popular in cinema and 20th century art for depictions of medieval European characters (such as Robin Hood), this style of quiver was rarely used in medieval Europe. The Bayeux Tapestry shows that most bowmen in medieval Europe used belt quivers.

Ground quiver

A ground quiver is used for both target shooting or warfare when the archer is shooting from a fixed location. They can be simply stakes in the ground with a ring at the top to hold the arrows, or more elaborate designs that hold the arrows within reach without the archer having to lean down to draw.

Bow quiver

A modern invention, the bow quiver attaches directly to the bow's limbs and holds the arrows steady with a clip of some kind. They are popular with compound bow hunters as it allows one piece of equipment to be carried in the field without encumbering the hunter's body.

Arrow bag

A style used by medieval English Longbowmen and several other cultures, an arrow bag is a simple drawstring cloth sack with a leather spacer at the top to keep the arrows divided. When not in use, the drawstring could be closed, completely covering the arrows so as to protect them from rain and dirt. Some had straps or rope sewn to them for carrying, but many either were tucked into the belt or set on the ground before battle to allow easier access.

Japanese quivers

Yebira refers to a variety of quiver designs. The Yazutsu is a different type, used in Kyudo. Arrows are removed from it before shooting, and held in the hand, so it is mainly used to transport and protect arrows.

Gallery

• An Ottoman Turk with a rear-canted belt quiver designed for mounted archery

• |Japanese archery equipment including a variety of quivers

• Fujiwara no Hidesato shooting the giant centipede (Tsukioka Yoshitoshi, 1890)

References

• Archery. Irving, Texas: Boy Scouts of America. 1986. ISBN 0-8395-3381-0. 
• Glover, Daniel S.; Grayson, Charles Jackson; French, Mary; O'Brien, Michael J. (2007). Traditional archery from six continents: the Charles E. Grayson Collection. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. ISBN 0-8262-1751-6. 

Dr. Brian Marin, author of Ancient Warfare| Concordia Press| page 137

English Journal

• Task-specific kinetic finger tremor affects the performance of carrom players.

• Kahathuduwa CN1,2, Weerasinghe VS1, Dassanayake TL1,3, Priyadarshana R4, Dissanayake AL4, Perera C4.
• Journal of sports sciences.J Sports Sci.2016 May;34(10):923-8. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1078487. Epub 2015 Aug 17.
• We aimed to determine the effect of task-specific kinetic finger tremor, as indexed by surface electromyography (EMG), on the accuracy of a carrom stroke. Surface EMG of extensor digitorum communis muscle of the playing arm was recorded during rest, isometric contraction and stroke execution in 17 m
• PMID 26280452

• Single amino acid deletion in transmembrane segment D4S6 of sodium channel Scn8a (Nav1.6) in a mouse mutant with a chronic movement disorder.

• Jones JM1, Dionne L2, Dell'Orco J3, Parent R4, Krueger JN4, Cheng X5, Dib-Hajj SD6, Bunton-Stasyshyn RK1, Sharkey LM3, Dowling JJ3, Murphy GG7, Shakkottai VG3, Shrager P8, Meisler MH9.
• Neurobiology of disease.Neurobiol Dis.2016 May;89:36-45. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.01.018. Epub 2016 Jan 22.
• Mutations of the neuronal sodium channel gene SCN8A are associated with lethal movement disorders in the mouse and with human epileptic encephalopathy. We describe a spontaneous mouse mutation, Scn8a(9J), that is associated with a chronic movement disorder with early onset tremor and adult onset dys
• PMID 26807988

• One-pass deep brain stimulation of dentato-rubro-thalamic tract and subthalamic nucleus for tremor-dominant or equivalent type Parkinson's disease.

• Coenen VA1, Rijntjes M2, Prokop T3, Piroth T2, Amtage F2, Urbach H4, Reinacher PC3.
• Acta neurochirurgica.Acta Neurochir (Wien).2016 Apr;158(4):773-81. doi: 10.1007/s00701-016-2725-4. Epub 2016 Feb 15.
• BACKGROUND: Refractory tremor in tremor-dominant (TD) or equivalent-type (EQT) idiopathic Parkinson's syndrome (IPS) poses the challenge of choosing the best target region to for deep brain stimulation (DBS). While the subthalamic nucleus is typically chosen in younger patients as the target for dop
• PMID 26876564

• Atrophy of the Cerebellar Vermis in Essential Tremor: Segmental Volumetric MRI Analysis.

• Shin H1, Lee DK2, Lee JM2, Huh YE3,4, Youn J3,4, Louis ED5,6, Cho JW7,8.
• Cerebellum (London, England).Cerebellum.2016 Apr;15(2):174-81. doi: 10.1007/s12311-015-0682-8.
• Postmortem studies of essential tremor (ET) have demonstrated the presence of degenerative changes in the cerebellum, and imaging studies have examined related structural changes in the brain. However, their results have not been completely consistent and the number of imaging studies has been limit
• PMID 26062905

Japanese Journal

• Self-injective artin algebras without short cycles in the component quiver

• Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan 68(1), 51-69, 2016
• NAID 130005122699

• 箙多様体と量子クラスター代数 (表現論と調和解析の新たな進展)

• 数理解析研究所講究録 1925, 117-127, 2014-11
• NAID 110009867917

• 日本列島出土胡籙の変遷と系譜

• 九州考古学 (88), 49-73, 2013-11
• NAID 40019909073

• Nakajima Varieties and Repetitive Algebras

• Publications of the Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences 49(3), 531-561, 2013-09
• NAID 110009623789

Related Links

• Quiver pen holders for your treasured notebooks

Quiver leather pen holders for notebooks & journals.

• Quiver - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A quiver is a container for arrows or bolts. Quivers can be attached in various positions on an archer's body, the bow, or the ground, depending on the type of shooting and the archer's personal preference. Quivers were traditionally made of ...

• Quiver (mathematics) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In mathematics, a quiver is a directed graph where loops and multiple arrows between two vertices are allowed, i.e. a multidigraph. They are commonly used in representation theory: a representation, V, of a quiver assigns a vector space V(x) ...

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