pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase

WordNet

1. an enzyme that catalyzes oxidation-reduction

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/15 17:27:03」(JST)

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pyruvate synthase
Identifiers
EC number	1.2.7.1
CAS number	9082-51-3
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

In enzymology, a pyruvate synthase (EC 1.2.7.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and acetyl-CoA. It is also called pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR).

The relevant equilibrium catalysed by PFOR is:

pyruvate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + reduced ferredoxin + 2 H⁺

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are pyruvate, CoA, and oxidized ferredoxin, whereas its 4 products are acetyl-CoA, CO₂, reduced ferredoxin, and H⁺.

Function

This enzyme participates in 4 metabolic pathways: pyruvate metabolism, propanoate metabolism, butanoate metabolism, and reductive carboxylate cycle (CO₂ fixation).

Its major role is the extraction of reducing equivalents by the decarboxylation. In aerobic organisms, this conversion is catalysed by pyruvate dehydrogenase, also uses thiamine pyrophosphate but relies on lipoate as the electron acceptor. Unlike the aerobic enzyme complex PFOR transfers reducing equivalents to flavins or iron-sulflur clusters. This process links glycolysis to the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway.

Nomenclature

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with an iron-sulfur protein as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is pyruvate:ferredoxin 2-oxidoreductase (CoA-acetylating). Other names in common use include:

• pyruvate oxidoreductase,
• pyruvate synthetase,
• pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and
• pyruvic-ferredoxin oxidoreductase.

Inhibitors

Amixicile is a potent inhibitor of pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductase and is in pre-clinical studies to treat infections of Helicobacter pylori and Clostridium difficile.

References

Further reading

• Evans MC, Buchanan BB (1965). "Photoreduction of ferredoxin and its use in carbon dioxide fixation by a subcellular system from a photosynthetic bacterium". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 53 (6): 1420–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.53.6.1420. PMC 219872. PMID 5217644. 
• Gehring U, Arnon DI (1972). "Purification and properties of -ketoglutarate synthase from a photosynthetic bacterium". J. Biol. Chem. 247 (21): 6963–9. PMID 4628267. 
• Uyeda K, Rabinowitz JC (1971). "Pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase. 3. Purification and properties of the enzyme". J. Biol. Chem. 246 (10): 3111–9. PMID 5574389. 
• Uyeda K, Rabinowitz JC (1971). "Pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase. IV. Studies on the reaction mechanism". J. Biol. Chem. 246 (10): 3120–5. PMID 4324891. 
• Charon MH, Volbeda A, Chabriere E, Pieulle L, Fontecilla-Camps JC (1999). "Structure and electron transfer mechanism of pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase". Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 9 (6): 663–9. doi:10.1016/S0959-440X(99)00027-5. PMID 10607667. 

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English Journal

• Ethylene and 1-MCP regulate major volatile biosynthetic pathways in apple fruit.

• Yang X1, Song J2, Du L1, Forney C3, Campbell-Palmer L3, Fillmore S3, Wismer P4, Zhang Z1.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Mar 1;194:325-36. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.018. Epub 2015 Aug 7.
• The effects of ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on apple fruit volatile biosynthesis and gene expression were investigated. Statistical analysis identified 17 genes that changed significantly in response to ethylene and 1-MCP treatments. Genes encoding branched-chain amino acid aminotransfe
• PMID 26471562

• Endogenous sulfur dioxide alleviates collagen remodeling via inhibiting TGF-β/Smad pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells.

• Huang Y1, Shen Z1, Chen Q1, Huang P1, Zhang H2, Du S3, Geng B4, Zhang C1, Li K5, Tang C4,6, Du J1,6, Jin H1.
• Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2016 Jan 14;6:19503. doi: 10.1038/srep19503.
• The study was designed to investigate the role of endogenous sulfur dioxide (SO2) in collagen remodeling and its mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Overexpression of endogenous SO2 synthase aspartate aminotransferase (AAT) 1 or 2 increased SO2 levels and inhibited collagen I and III
• PMID 26762477

• Mechanism of 2,3-butanediol stereoisomers formation in a newly isolated Serratia sp. T241.

• Zhang L1, Guo Z1, Chen J1, Xu Q1, Lin H1, Hu K1, Guan X1, Shen Y2.
• Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2016 Jan 12;6:19257. doi: 10.1038/srep19257.
• Serratia sp. T241, a newly isolated xylose-utilizing strain, produced three 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) stereoisomers. In this study, three 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenases (BDH1-3) and one glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH) involved in 2,3-BD isomers formation by Serratia sp. T241 were identified. In vitro conv
• PMID 26753612

Japanese Journal

• Anabolic five subunit-type pyruvate : ferredoxin oxidoreductase from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6

• IKEDA T.
• Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 340, 76-82, 2006
• NAID 80017653308

• Novel energy metabolism in anaerobic hyperthermophilic archaea: A modified Embden-Meyerhof pathway

• SAKURABA HARUHIKO,OHSHIMA TOSHIHISA
• Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 93(5), 441-448, 2002-05-25
• … Several novel enzymes - ADP-dependent glucokinase, ADP-dependent phosphofruktokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ferredoxin oxidoreductase, phosphoenolpyruvate synthase, pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and ADP-forming acetyl-CoA synthetase - have been found to be involved in the modified Embden-Meyerhof pathway of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus. …
• NAID 110002690966

Related Links

• Pyruvate-Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase - The Journal of ...

Abstract The sequence of the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase was investigated. The pyruvate 14 CO 2 exchange reaction and acetoin formation are inhibited by electron acceptors such as ferredoxin, FAD ...

• Pyruvate–ferredoxin oxidoreductase - ResearchGate - Share ...

FIRST PAGE PROOFS MET220 Pyruvate–ferredoxin oxidoreductase Figure2 Whentreatedwithair-saturatedbufferinthepresence of pyruvate D.africanusPFOR is inactivated. The electron density map indicates that this is owing to oxime ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ピルビン酸フェレドキシン酸化還元酵素」
関連記事	「oxidoreductase」「ferredoxin」「pyruvate」「oxidoreductases」

「ピルビン酸フェレドキシン酸化還元酵素」

　　[★]

英

pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, PFOR

関

[[]]

• 発酵に関与

「oxidoreductase」

　　[★]

酸化還元酵素、オキシドレダクターゼ

関

酸化還元酵素 dehydrogenase oxidase reductase

　

「ferredoxin」

　　[★]

フェレドキシン

関

Fd

「pyruvate」

　　[★] ピルビン酸 pyruvic acid

「oxidoreductases」

　　[★]

関

See also specific type