purvey

　

WordNet

1. someone who supplies provisions (especially food)
2. the act of supplying something

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (…に)〈食料品など〉‘を'調達する《『名』+『to』(『for』)+『名』》
2. (食料品などの…への)調達人《『of』+『名』+『to』+『名』》
3. (食料品の)調達,供給《+『to』+『名』》

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/02/27 23:10:11」(JST)

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Not to be confused with purveyor.

Purveyance is the right of the Crown to requisition goods and services for royal use, and was developed in England over the course of the late eleventh through the fourteenth centuries. In theory, the king's prerogative allowed him to collect goods needed for both household and military use, but the latter was discontinued in 1362. The primary problem with the system was that it was open to abuse from corrupt officials, who would often requisition goods and sell them for profit or use extortion and other means to obtain items or money that was not passed on or divulged to the king. Accordingly, English kings established numerous, though somewhat ineffectual, statutes in an attempt to limit the corruption.

When Edward I and the English Army invaded Scotland, with little agricultural productivity, they used purveyances. The English court had, of old, a right of customary purchase of food for the poor. The right was called prise. Edward took this and grossly expanded it to make the institution called purveyance. The sheriffs would buy food at a set price in the shires and the sellers had to sell at the government price. The government then created a system to store the food. Edward created a convoy system to move mountains of food from the English Midlands to southern Scotland, which the English controlled. Administrative historians say this was a real triumph in organizational power of government, but also a racket because Edward paid late and low.

Edward I also employed purveyances for his many Welsh campaigns, utilizing the produce of both the Isle of Anglesey and Ireland. Purveyance was largely the cause for intense dissatisfaction over Edward's campaign in Gascony of 1294–8, and in 1298, a nationwide investigation was held into abuses of royal administrators, including purveyors.

Purveyance continued to be the favoured method of the English kings for obtaining food and other necessities for feeding their armies, supplying their castles and garrisons, and supporting their itinerant households. Both Edward II and Edward III used the system heavily: the former in his unsuccessful campaign against Scotland and then in the civil war against Thomas of Lancaster and the latter in his relatively successful campaign against Scotland and then in France during the Hundred Years' War.

It was under Edward III that the issue of corruption and abuses that accompanied the collection of goods for military use particularly came to a head. Complaints reached such a feverish pitch in the opening years of the Hundred Years' War that Edward III launched another nationwide investigation, and effectively removed most purveyors from office. However, purveyance was too valuable a royal privilege to surrender, and it was only in 1362, under intense pressure from Parliament, that Edward III agreed to discontinue purveyance for military use.

When Henry V was preparing for war against France during the Hundred Years' War, he ordered the continuance of purveyance for military purposes, but with the supposed order for all purveyors to be fair and reasonable, not to take any goods from church property, and to pay a fair price. However, many of the purveyors behaved notoriously badly, extorting many foodstuffs from the peasants and either buying at a low price and selling at a high price for a profit, or not paying at all.

Faced by a purveyor with armed men backing him, most peasants did not dare to resist. King Henry, acknowledging the corruption of his purveyors, included in a proclamation that anyone harassed or aggrieved by any captain or soldier should present themselves to the seneschal of the king's treasury. Complete justice, the king proclaimed, would be given on his arrival at Southampton. The retention of purveyance as a tool for supplying the growing royal household would eventually come under fire with the Stuarts.

In the 17th century, purveyance was worth about £40,000 per year to the crown. However, Parliament wanted to put an end to it, though the James I would not relinquish that control without being financially compensated by Parliament. Parliament feared this would lead only to further corruption and no changes were made to the system during the reign of James I.

See also

• Eminent domain

References

English Journal

• A Protocol for the Pharmacokinetics of Enteric Coated Mycophenolate Sodium in Lupus Nephritis (POEMSLUN): an open-label, randomised controlled trial.

• Ranganathan D1, John GT, Healy H, Roberts MJ, Fassett RG, Lipman J, Kubler P, Ungerer J, McWhinney BC, Lim A, Purvey M, Reyaldeen R, Roberts JA.
• BMJ open.BMJ Open.2013 Aug 7;3(8). pii: e003511. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003511.
• INTRODUCTION: Mycophenolate sodium, an enteric-coated tablet (EC-MPS), is as effective and safe as mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in preventing transplant rejection. EC-MPS and MMF improve the outcome of severe lupus nephritis (LN) and have fewer side effects than pulsed intravenous cyclophosphamide.
• PMID 23929919

• Predictors of organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus: the Hopkins Lupus Cohort.

• Petri M1, Purvey S, Fang H, Magder LS.
• Arthritis and rheumatism.Arthritis Rheum.2012 Dec;64(12):4021-8. doi: 10.1002/art.34672.
• OBJECTIVE: The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Damage Index (SDI) is the accepted measure of permanent organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We analyzed data from a large SLE cohort to identify variables associated with rates of
• PMID 22932985

• A case of Down syndrome who developed pancreatic cancer: a case report and review of literature.

• Purvey S, Hanna M, Shaib W, Saif MW.
• JOP : Journal of the pancreas.JOP.2010 May 5;11(3):285-7.
• PMID 20442532

Japanese Journal

• B214 MCFCを基幹とする都市型バイオマス利用エネルギーシステムの開発(OS10 外燃機関・廃熱利用)

• 谷川 慶太,西村 伸也,中村 敦,伊與田 浩志
• 動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム 2011(16), 281-284, 2011-06-22
• … As results, it turned out that MCFC-CGS could purvey 100% thermal demands of hotel and public facility and generate over 0.5% of the digestion gas used as a fuel of MCFC-CGS at apartment house, office building and commerce facility. …
• NAID 110009662946

• コミュニティ・ネットワークによる資源の開発と調達

• 福田 豊
• 電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. FACE, 情報文化と倫理 100(383), 47-50, 2000-10-14
• コミュニティ・ネットワークは地域情報化の流れの中にあり、社会システムの変容と技術発展により可能となる。コミュニティは、個人の力を越える問題解決のために形成されるものであり、個人を結びつけるものを要素といえば、それはその時々の社会環境によって変化する。コミュニティ・ネットワークの構築は、生活日常の情報化と関連し、現在のIT革命の最先端領域をなす。コミュニティ・ネットワークの機能は、多様な資源の開発と …
• NAID 110003183401

• Wicliffe 訳と Purvey 訳聖書の比較

• 足立 昭七郎
• 熊本大学英語英文学 22, 92-112, 1978-03-25
• NAID 110000971784

Related Links

• purvey - definition of purvey by the Free Online Dictionary ...

tr.v. pur·veyed, pur·vey·ing, pur·veys. 1. To supply (food, for example); furnish. 2. To advertise or circulate. [Middle English purveien, from Anglo-Norman purveier, from Latin pr vid re; see provide.] pur·vey ance n. purvey [pəˈveɪ]. vb (tr) ...

• Purvey Synonyms, Purvey Antonyms | Thesaurus.com

Synonyms for purvey at Thesaurus.com with free online thesaurus, antonyms, and definitions. Dictionary and Word of the Day.

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