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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/07/05 21:53:37」(JST)
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Main article: puberty
Pubarche refers to the first appearance of pubic hair in a child. Pubarche[1] is one of the physical changes of puberty but should not be equated with it since it may occur independently of complete puberty. Pubarche usually results from rising levels of androgens from the adrenal glands or the testes but may also result from exposure of a child to an anabolic steroid.[2]
When pubarche occurs prematurely (in early or mid-childhood), it is referred to as premature pubarche and may warrant an evaluation. Premature adrenarche is the most common cause of premature pubarche. Rarer causes include precocious puberty, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and androgen-producing tumors of the adrenals or gonads. When adrenarche, central puberty, and all pathologic conditions have been excluded, the term isolated premature pubarche is used to describe the unexplained development of pubic hair at an early age without other hormonal or physical changes of puberty.
Contents
- 1 Average Age of Pubarche Initiation for Males and Females
- 2 See also
- 3 References
- 4 External links
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Average Age of Pubarche Initiation for Males and Females
See Also: Tanner Scale
First (and often transient) pubic hair resulting from adrenarche may appear between ages 6-10.
The average beginning of pubarche varies due to many factors, including climate, nourishment, weight, nurture, and genes. First (and often transient) pubic hair resulting from adrenarche may appear between ages 6-10 well preceding puberty.
During puberty pubarche tends to occur earlier in girls than boys, as with most puberty stages and puberty as a whole. The average age for females varies between 10-13, and for males, about 10-14. However, evidence is this age is decreasing.
See also
- Adrenarche
- Androgens
- Menarche
- Puberty
- Spermarche
- Thelarche
References
- ^ The word results from the combination of a Latin and a Greek word: pub-es, "adult, full-grown, manly", and ἀρχή [arkʰɛ̌ː], "beginning, onset".
- ^ Callahan, Tamara L.; Caughey, Aaron B.; Heffner, Linda (2003). Blueprints Obstetrics & Gynecology. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 1-4051-0331-0.
External links
Human physiology and endocrinology of sexual reproduction
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Menstrual and estrous cycle |
Menstruation · Follicular phase · Ovulation · Luteal phase
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Gametogenesis |
Spermatogenesis (spermatogonium, spermatocyte, spermatid, sperm) · Oogenesis (oogonium, oocyte, ootid, ovum) · Germ cell (gonocyte, gamete)
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Human sexual behavior |
Sexual intercourse · Masturbation · Erection · Orgasm · Ejaculation · Insemination · Fertilisation/Fertility · Implantation · Pregnancy · Postpartum period · Mechanics of sex
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Life span |
Prenatal development/Sexual dimorphism/Sexual differentiation (Feminization, Virilization) · Puberty (Gonadarche, Pubarche, Menarche, Adrenarche) ·
Maternal age / Paternal age · Climacteric (Menopause, Andropause)
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Egg (biology) |
Ovum · Oviposition · Oviparity · Ovoviviparity · Vivipary
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Reproductive endocrinology
and infertility |
Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis · Andrology · Hormone
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Breast |
Thelarche · Lactation · Breastfeeding
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noco/cong/npls, sysi/epon
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proc/asst, drug (G1/G2B/G3CD)
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Puberty in Children Born Small for Gestational Age.
- Verkauskiene R, Petraitiene I, Albertsson Wikland K.SourceInstitute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Hormone research in paediatrics.Horm Res Paediatr.2013 Jul 26. [Epub ahead of print]
- Small for gestational age (SGA) children are more prone to have precocious pubarche and exaggerated precocious adrenarche, an earlier onset of pubertal development and menarche, and faster progression of puberty than children born of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) size. The majority of studie
- PMID 23899516
- Urinary Phthalates from 168 Girls and Boys measured twice a year during a 5 Year Period: Associations with Adrenal Androgen Levels and Puberty.
- Mouritsen A, Frederiksen H, Sørensen K, Aksglaede L, Hagen C, Skakkebaek N, Main K, Andersson A, Juul A.SourceDepartment of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
- The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.J Clin Endocrinol Metab.2013 Jul 3. [Epub ahead of print]
- BackgroundLittle is known about the possible deleterious effects of phthalate exposure on endogenous sex steroid levels in children.ObjectiveTo investigate if urinary phthalate metabolite levels are associated with circulating adrenal androgen levels and age at puberty.MethodsA longitudinal stydy of
- PMID 23824423
- Heterosexual precocity: rare manifestation of virilizing adrenocortical oncocytoma.
- Subbiah S, Nahar U, Samujh R, Bhansali A.SourceDepartment of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. drsridharjipmer@gmail.com
- Annals of Saudi medicine.Ann Saudi Med.2013 May-Jun;33(3):294-7. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2013.294.
- Adrenocortical oncocytomas are extremely rare, and most of the tumors are benign and nonfunctioning. To our knowledge, only 30 cases have been reported in English published studies, and most patients are 40 to 60 years of age. So far, in the pediatric age group, only three cases of functioning adren
- PMID 23793435
Japanese Journal
- 133 THE ORIGIN OF ANDROGEN EXCESS IN JAPANESE GIRLS WITH PREMATURE PUBARCHE IN COMPARISON WITH CENTRAL PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY
- Yagasaki H,Sano T,Mitsui Y,Mochizuki M,Ohyama K,Honma K,Hasegawa T,Nakagomi Y,Amemiya S,Nakazawa S
- Clinical pediatric endocrinology 12(2), 143, 2003-12
- NAID 110002984626
Related Links
- pubarche pu·bar·che (pyōō-bär'kē) n. The onset of puberty, particularly as manifested by the appearance of pubic hair.
- pubarche [pu-bahr´ke] the first appearance of pubic hair. pu·bar·che (pyū-bar'kē), Avoid the mispronunciation pu'barche. Onset of puberty, particularly as manifested by the appearance of pubic hair. Compare: adrenarche. [puberty ...
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