関: psoas

WordNet

make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"
either of two muscles of the abdomen and pelvis that flex the trunk and rotate the thigh

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/27 10:11:47」(JST)

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The psoas major (/ˈsoʊ.əz/) is a long fusiform muscle located on the side of the lumbar region of the vertebral column and brim of the lesser pelvis. It joins the iliacus muscle to form the iliopsoas. In less than 50 percent of human subjects,^[1] the psoas major is accompanied by the psoas minor. In mice, it is mostly a fast-twitching, type II muscle,^[2] while in human it combines slow and fast-twitching fibers.^[3]

Location

Origin

The psoas major is divided into a superficial and deep part. The deep part originates from the transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae I-V. The superficial part originates from the lateral surfaces of the last thoracic vertebra, lumbar vertebrae I-IV, and from neighboring invertebral discs. The lumbar plexus lies between the two layers.^[1]

Insertion

Joined by the iliacus, psoas major forms the iliopsoas which is surrounded by the iliac fascia. The iliopsoas runs across the iliopubic eminence through the muscular lacuna to its insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur. The iliopectineal bursa separates the tendon from the iliopsoas muscle from the external surface of the hip joint capsule at the level of the iliopubic eminence.^[4] The iliac subtendinous bursa lies between the lesser trochanter and the attachment of the iliopsoas.^[1]

Innervation

Innervation of the psoas major is through the anterior rami of L1 to L4.

Function

As part of the iliopsoas, psoas major contributes to flexion and external rotation in the hip joint. On the lumbar spine, unilateral contraction bends the trunk laterally, while bilateral contraction raises the trunk from its supine position.^[5]

It forms part of a group of muscles called the hip flexors, whose action is primarily to lift the upper leg towards the body when the body is fixed or to pull the body towards the leg when the leg is fixed.

For example, when doing a situp that brings the torso (including the lower back) away from the ground and towards the front of the leg, the hip flexors (including the iliopsoas) will flex the spine upon the pelvis.

Due to the frontal attachment on the vertebrae, rotation of the spine will stretch the psoas.

Tightness of the psoas can result in lower back pain by compressing the lumbar discs.^[6]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c Platzer (2004), p 234
^ Nunes, MT; Bianco, AC; Migala, A; Agostini, B; Hasselbach, W (1985). "Thyroxine induced transformation in sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit soleus and psoas muscles". Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C: Biosciences 40 (9–10): 726–34. PMID 2934902.
^ Arbanas, Juraj; Starcevic Klasan, Gordana; Nikolic, Marina; Jerkovic, Romana; Miljanovic, Ivo; Malnar, Daniela (2009). "Fibre type composition of the human psoas major muscle with regard to the level of its origin". Journal of Anatomy 215 (6): 636–41. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01155.x. PMID 19930517.
^ Bojsen-Møller, Finn; Simonsen, Erik B.; Tranum-Jensen, Jørgen (2001) (in Danish). Bevægeapparatets anatomi [Anatomy of the Locomotive Apparatus] (12th ed.). pp. 261-266. ISBN 978-87-628-0307-7.
^ Thieme Atlas of Anatomy (2006), p 422
^ Akuthota, et all(2008). p 40

References

Platzer, Werner (2004). Color Atlas of Human Anatomy, Vol. 1: Locomotor System (5th ed.). Thieme. ISBN 3-13-533305-1.
Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System. Thieme. 2006. ISBN 1-58890-419-9.
Akuthota, Venu; Ferreiro, Andrea; Moore, Tamara; Fredericson, Michael (2008). "Core Stability Exercise Principles". Current Sports Medicine Reports (American College of Sports Medicine) 7 (1): 39–44. doi:10.1097/01.CSMR.0000308663.13278.69. PMID 18296944. http://www.pnfchi.com/fotos/literatura/1233836983.pdf. Retrieved 26 March 2011.

Additional images

Right femur. Anterior surface.

Diagram of a transverse section of the posterior abdominal wall, to show the disposition of the lumbodorsal fascia.

The diaphragm. Under surface.

Muscles of the iliac and anterior femoral regions.

The arteries of the pelvis.

The relations of the femoral and abdominal inguinal rings, seen from within the abdomen. Right side.

The thoracic and right lymphatic ducts.

The lumbar plexus and its branches.

Nerves of the right lower extremity. Front view.

Sacral plexus of the right side.

Transverse section, showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney.

Psoas major muscle

External links

-1261436848 at GPnotebook
LUC psmj
SUNY Labs 40:16-0101 - "Posterior Abdominal Wall: Muscles of the Posterior Abdominal Wall"
SUNY Anatomy Image 8916
Cross section at UV pelvis/pelvis-e12-2
Psoas Stretches for Back Pain
Psoas Muscles and Abdominal Exercises for Back Pain

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

UpToDate Contents

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3. Approach to hip and groin pain in the athlete and active adult
4. Nerve blocks of the scalp, neck, and trunk: Techniques
5. 筋力低下の評価における筋力検査 muscle examination in the evaluation of weakness

English Journal

Psoas muscle size as a frailty measure for open and transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Paknikar R1, Friedman J2, Cron D2, Deeb GM3, Chetcuti S4, Grossman PM4, Wang S5, Englesbe M5, Patel HJ6.
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.2016 Mar;151(3):745-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.11.022. Epub 2015 Nov 21.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of sarcopenia as a frailty assessment tool for patients with aortic stenosis undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).METHODS: The study cohort comprised 295 patients who underwent either SAVR (n = 156) or T
PMID 26896357

Impact of the preoperative quantity and quality of skeletal muscle on outcomes after resection of extrahepatic biliary malignancies.

Okumura S1, Kaido T2, Hamaguchi Y1, Fujimoto Y1, Kobayashi A1, Iida T1, Yagi S1, Taura K1, Hatano E1, Uemoto S1.
Surgery.Surgery.2016 Mar;159(3):821-33. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.08.047. Epub 2015 Oct 23.
BACKGROUND: Skeletal muscle depletion, referred to as sarcopenia, predicts mortality after major surgery. This study investigated the impact of preoperative skeletal muscle quantity and quality on outcomes in patients undergoing resection of extrahepatic biliary cancer.METHODS: We performed a retros
PMID 26603849

CT abbreviated assessment of sarcopenia following trauma: The CAAST measurement predicts 6-month mortality in older adult trauma patients.

Leeper C1, Lin E, Hoffman M, Fombona A, Zhou T, Kutcher M, Rosengart M, Watson G, Billiar T, Peitzman A, Zuckerbraun B, Sperry J.
The journal of trauma and acute care surgery.J Trauma Acute Care Surg.2016 Feb 16. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Older adult trauma patients are at increased risk of poor outcome, both immediately after injury and beyond hospital discharge. Identifying patients early in the hospital stay who are at increased risk of death after discharge can be challenging.METHODS: Retrospective analysis was perfor
PMID 26885997

Japanese Journal

Noninvasive Evaluation of Trunk Muscle Recruitment after Trunk Exercises using Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging

, , ,
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences advpub(0), 2015
… Purpose: We evaluated trunk muscle recruitment in abdominal and back exercises with magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging.<br/>Methods: Twelve men performed bent-knee sit-up, crunch, trunk lateral flexion, and trunk extension exercises. …
NAID 130004935529

小児の原発性腸腰筋膿瘍の1例

松田諭,矢内俊裕,済陽寛子 [他],川上肇,平井みさ子,連利博
日本小児外科学会雑誌 51(1), 64-68, 2015
症例は2 歳の女児で，約6 週間の発熱を主訴に当院へ紹介となった．右下腹部の上前腸骨棘内側に腫瘤を触知し，超音波検査および造影CT にて長径6 cm 大の右腸腰筋膿瘍を認めた．腹腔鏡にて検索したところ，虫垂および卵巣は正常で，隣接する盲腸にも異常所見を認めず．他の感染源を認めなかったため原発性腸腰筋膿瘍と考えられた．膿瘍の穿刺吸引および抗生剤投与では症状が改善せず，小切開によるドレナージにより速や …
NAID 130004897777

MRIを用いた女性腰部疾患例における大腰筋特性

佐藤成登志,地神裕史,島田雄司,山本智章,Sato Naritoshi,Jigami Hirohumi,Shimada Yuuzi,Yamamoto Noriaki
新潟医療福祉学会誌 13(2), 2-7, 2014-03
… For example, psoas major muscle, which originates from the axis of the body, or lumbar spine which passes through the anterior pelvis and the femur which is attracting a lot of attention as it is an important muscle for maintaining posture or walking. … Firstly, with the help of an MRI,we examined the characteristics of the psoas major muscle of lumber pathology on 38 healthy female subjects. …
NAID 120005442199

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「腰筋」
関連記事	「psoas」「muscle」

「腰筋」

Psoas major muscle
	The psoas major and nearby muscles
	Horizontal disposition of the peritoneum in the lower part of the abdomen. (Psoas major labeled at bottom left.)
Latin	Musculus psoas major
Gray's	subject #127 467
Origin	Transverse processes of T12-L5 and the lateral aspects of the discs between them
Insertion	In the lesser trochanter of the femur
Artery	lumbar branch of iliolumbar artery
Nerve	Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1-L3 nerves
Actions	Flexes and rotates laterally thigh
Antagonist	Gluteus maximus
MeSH	Psoas+Muscles

　　[★]

英: psoas、psoas muscle

「psoas」

　　[★]

腰筋

関: psoas muscle

「muscle」

　　[★]

n.

筋肉

[Platzer-234-1] Platzer (2004), p 234

[2] Nunes, MT; Bianco, AC; Migala, A; Agostini, B; Hasselbach, W (1985). "Thyroxine induced transformation in sarcoplasmic reticulum of rabbit soleus and psoas muscles". Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C: Biosciences 40 (9–10): 726–34. PMID 2934902.

[3] Arbanas, Juraj; Starcevic Klasan, Gordana; Nikolic, Marina; Jerkovic, Romana; Miljanovic, Ivo; Malnar, Daniela (2009). "Fibre type composition of the human psoas major muscle with regard to the level of its origin". Journal of Anatomy 215 (6): 636–41. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01155.x. PMID 19930517.

[4] Bojsen-Møller, Finn; Simonsen, Erik B.; Tranum-Jensen, Jørgen (2001) (in Danish). Bevægeapparatets anatomi [Anatomy of the Locomotive Apparatus] (12th ed.). pp. 261-266. ISBN 978-87-628-0307-7.

[Thieme-Atlas-422-5] Thieme Atlas of Anatomy (2006), p 422

[6] Akuthota, et all(2008). p 40

Psoas major muscle

The psoas major and nearby muscles

Horizontal disposition of the peritoneum in the lower part of the abdomen. (Psoas major labeled at bottom left.)
Latin	Musculus psoas major
Gray's	subject #127 467
Origin	Transverse processes of T12-L5 and the lateral aspects of the discs between them
Insertion	In the lesser trochanter of the femur
Artery	lumbar branch of iliolumbar artery
Nerve	Lumbar plexus via anterior branches of L1-L3 nerves
Actions	Flexes and rotates laterally thigh
Antagonist	Gluteus maximus
MeSH	Psoas+Muscles

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案内

psoas muscle