provincialism

　 　

WordNet

1. a lack of sophistication

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (作法・話しぶり・考えなどの)いなかふう,いなかっぽさ / 〈C〉お国なまり,方言

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/09/25 19:27:49」(JST)

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Parochialism means being provincial, being narrow in scope, or considering only small sections of an issue. It may, particularly when used pejoratively, be contrasted to universalism.

The term originates from the idea of a parish ([Late] Latin: parochia), one of the smaller divisions within many Christian churches such as the Roman Catholic and Anglican churches.

Parish organization

Events, groups and decisions within a parish are based locally — sometimes taking little heed of what is going on in the wider Church. A parish can sometimes be excessively focused on the local scale (thus within a particular point of view), by having (too) little contact with the broader outside, showing meager interest for and possibly knowledge about the universal scale.

Subsidiarity

Subsidiarity is an organizing principle that matters ought to be handled by the smallest, lowest or least centralized competent authority. The Oxford English Dictionary defines subsidiarity as the idea that a central authority should have a subsidiary function, performing only those tasks which cannot be performed effectively at a more immediate or local level.

Terminology

The term "parochial" can be applied in both culture and economics if a local culture or geographic area's government makes decisions based on solely local interests that do not take into account the effect of the decision on the broader community. The term may also be applied to decisions and events that are considered to be trivial in the grand scheme of things but that may be over-emphasized in a smaller community, such as disputes between neighbors.

Parochialism in politics

Parochialism can be found around the world and has sometimes been acknowledged by local institutions. For example in a change of curriculum on February 7, 2007, Harvard University said that one of the main purposes of the major curriculum overhaul (the first in three decades) was to overcome American "parochialisms", referring in this case to a national point of view rather than one concerned with any particular small community.

The political principle of localism is that which supports local production and consumption of goods, local control of government, and local culture and identity. Localist politics have been approached from many directions by different groups. Nevertheless, localism can generally be described as related to regionalism, and in opposition to centralism.

In pejorative use, the term Parish pump politics is used to describe political activity that is more evidently concerned with addressing the immediate needs of the local electorate than with strategy that might affect their long-term well-being.

See also

• Parochial school
• Provincial
• Nationalism
• Localism
• Intellectual inbreeding
• NIMBY
• Insularity

English Journal

• Connectivity between surface and deep waters determines prokaryotic diversity in the North Atlantic Deep Water.

• Frank AH1, Garcia JA1, Herndl GJ1,2, Reinthaler T1.
• Environmental microbiology.Environ Microbiol.2016 Jun;18(6):2052-63. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13237. Epub 2016 Mar 30.
• To decipher the influence of depth stratification and surface provincialism on the dark ocean prokaryotic community composition, we sampled the major deep-water masses in the eastern North Atlantic covering three biogeographic provinces. Their diversity was evaluated using ordination and canonical a
• PMID 26914787

• Bacterioplankton Biogeography of the Atlantic Ocean: A Case Study of the Distance-Decay Relationship.

• Milici M1, Tomasch J1, Wos-Oxley ML2, Decelle J3, Jáuregui R2, Wang H1, Deng ZL1, Plumeier I2, Giebel HA4, Badewien TH4, Wurst M4, Pieper DH4, Simon M4, Wagner-Döbler I1.
• Frontiers in microbiology.Front Microbiol.2016 Apr 26;7:590. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00590. eCollection 2016.
• In order to determine the influence of geographical distance, depth, and Longhurstian province on bacterial community composition and compare it with the composition of photosynthetic micro-eukaryote communities, 382 samples from a depth-resolved latitudinal transect (51°S-47°N) from the epipelagi
• PMID 27199923

• Bacterial biogeography in the coastal waters of northern Zhejiang, East China Sea is highly controlled by spatially structured environmental gradients.

• Wang K1,2, Ye X3, Chen H4, Zhao Q1, Hu C1, He J1, Qian Y1, Xiong J1,2, Zhu J4, Zhang D1,2.
• Environmental microbiology.Environ Microbiol.2015 Oct;17(10):3898-913. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12884. Epub 2015 Jun 25.
• The underlying mechanisms of microbial community assembly in connective coastal environments are unclear. The coastal water area of northern Zhejiang, East China Sea, is a complex marine ecosystem with multiple environmental gradients, where the distributions and determinants of bacterioplankton com
• PMID 25912020

Japanese Journal

• オーストリア=ハンガリー二重帝国によるボスニア領有とイスラーム教徒移住問題

• 史學雜誌 123(7), 1267-1303, 2014-07-20
• NAID 110010006180

• 「偏狭さ」に抗して : エズラ・パウンドの「ルネッサンス」構想 (特集 アングロ・アメリカ)

• アメリカ研究 (47), 41-57, 2013
• NAID 40019710392

• The Reeve's Prologue & TaleにあらわれたChaucerのProvincialismの一端

• 駒澤大学外国語論集 (7), 141-156, 2009-09
• NAID 120005391076

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