原糸体、糸状体
- 関
- protonemal、protonemata、trichome
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/12/12 22:31:43」(JST)
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Protonema cells of the moss
Physcomitrella patens
A protonema (plural: protonemata) is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage (the haploid phase) of a bryophyte life cycle. When a moss first grows from the spore, it grows as a protonema which develops into a leafy gametophore.
Liverworts do not have a protonemal stage, the spores germinate directly into a new Gametophyte generation.
Moss spores germinate to form an alga-like filamentous structure called the protonema. It represents the juvenile gametophyte. While the protonema is growing by apical cell division, at some stage, under the influence of the phytohormone cytokinin, buds are induced which grow by three-faced apical cells. These give rise to gametophores, stems and leaf like structures (bryophytes do not have true leaves (megaphyll)). These gametophores are the adult form of the gametophyte.[1] Protonema are characteristic of all mosses and some liverworts but are absent from hornworts. The protonema is also the photosynthetic part of a germinating fern spore.
References[edit]
- ^ Ralf Reski (1998): Development, genetics and molecular biology of mosses. Botanica Acta 111, 1-15.
English Journal
- Defective Kernel 1 (DEK1) is required for three-dimensional growth in Physcomitrella patens.
- Perroud PF1, Demko V, Johansen W, Wilson RC, Olsen OA, Quatrano RS.
- The New phytologist.New Phytol.2014 Aug;203(3):794-804. doi: 10.1111/nph.12844. Epub 2014 May 21.
- Orientation of cell division is critical for plant morphogenesis. This is evident in the formation and function of meristems and for morphogenetic transitions. Mosses undergo such transitions: from two-dimensional tip-growing filaments (protonema) to the generation of three-dimensional leaf-like str
- PMID 24844771
- Genome-Wide Analysis of Heat-Sensitive Alternative Splicing in Physcomitrella patens.
- Chang CY1, Lin WD2, Tu SL2.
- Plant physiology.Plant Physiol.2014 Apr 28;165(2):826-840. [Epub ahead of print]
- Plant growth and development are constantly influenced by temperature fluctuations. To respond to temperature changes, different levels of gene regulation are modulated in the cell. Alternative splicing (AS) is a widespread mechanism increasing transcriptome complexity and proteome diversity. Althou
- PMID 24777346
- A single CMT methyltransferase homolog is involved in CHG DNA methylation and development of Physcomitrella patens.
- Noy-Malka C1, Yaari R, Itzhaki R, Mosquna A, Auerbach Gershovitz N, Katz A, Ohad N.
- Plant molecular biology.Plant Mol Biol.2014 Apr;84(6):719-35. doi: 10.1007/s11103-013-0165-6. Epub 2013 Dec 27.
- C-5 DNA methylation is an essential mechanism controlling gene expression and developmental programs in a variety of organisms. Though the role of DNA methylation has been intensively studied in mammals and Arabidopsis, little is known about the evolution of this mechanism. The chromomethylase (CMT)
- PMID 24370935
Japanese Journal
- Functional Characterization of HY5 Homolog Genes Involved in Early Light-Signaling in Physcomitrella patens
- Yamawaki Saori,Yamashino Takafumi,Nakanishi Hanayo [他],MIZUNO Takeshi
- Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 75(8), 1533-1539, 2011-08-23
- … double mutant was defective in the vigorous protrusion of caulonema cells from the protonema networks of <I>P. …
- NAID 10029591569
- Involvement of the CYP78A Subfamily of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases in Protonema Growth and Gametophore Formation in the Moss Physcomitrella patens
- Katsumata Takumi,Fukazawa Jutarou,Magome Hiroshi [他],JIKUMARU Yusuke,KAMIYA Yuji,NATSUME Masahiro,KAWAIDE Hiroshi,YAMAGUCHI Shinjiro
- Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 75(2), 331-336, 2011-02-23
- CYP78 is a plant-specific family of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, some members of which regulate the plastochron length and organ size in angiosperms. The CYP78 family appears to be highly conserved …
- NAID 10027897953
- 蘚類ヒメツリガネゴケのABA非感受性株および形質転換体におけるストレス耐性
- Bhyan Salma Begum,東金 賢,竹澤 大輔
- 低温生物工学会誌 56(2), 167-171, 2010-10-15
- … Exogenous application of a phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) has been shown to induce both morphological changes leading to brood cell formation and stress tolerance in Physcomitrella patens protonema cells accompanied by the accumulation of low-molecular-weight soluble sugars and LEA-like boiling-soluble proteins. …
- NAID 110008662306
Related Links
- A protonema (plural: protonemata) is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage (the haploid phase) of a bryophyte life cycle. When a moss first grows from the spore, it grows as a protonema which develops into a leafy ...
- pro·to·ne·ma (pr t -n m ). n. pl. pro·to·ne·ma·ta (-n m -t , -n m -). The green filamentous growth that arises from spore germination in liverworts and mosses and eventually gives rise to a mature gametophyte.
Related Pictures
![copyright protist information server](https://1mg.info/0/0/9/0073.jpg)
![Moss gametophyte protonema branching from](https://1mg.info/0/0/9/0074.jpg)
![Numerous branching uniseriate protonemal](https://1mg.info/0/0/9/0075.jpg)
![Protonema komentari](https://1mg.info/0/0/9/0076.jpg)
![Image: Moss bud protonema](https://1mg.info/0/0/9/0077.jpg)
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毛状突起、糸状体、トリコーム
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- protonema、protonemata、protonemal
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原糸体、糸状体
- 関
- protonema、protonemal、trichome