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1. 肥満の病因 pathogenesis of obesity
2. 心血管疾患の二次予防における脂質低下療法の強度 intensity of lipid lowering therapy in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
3. 薬剤の効きづらい高コレステロール血症の治療 treatment of drug resistant hypercholesterolemia
4. 補体経路 complement pathways
5. C3糸球体腎症：デンスデポジット病およびC3糸球体腎炎 c3 glomerulopathies dense deposit disease and c3 glomerulonephritis

English Journal

Cushing's disease and hypertension: in vivo and in vitro study of the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and effects of medical therapy.

van der Pas R1, van Esch JH, de Bruin C, Danser AH, Pereira AM, Zelissen PM, Netea-Maier R, Sprij-Mooij DM, van den Berg-Garrelds IM, van Schaik RH, Lamberts SW, van den Meiracker AH, Hofland LJ, Feelders RA.Author information 1Division of Endocrinology.AbstractOBJECTIVE/METHODS: Cushing's disease (CD) is often accompanied by hypertension. CD can be treated surgically and, given the expression of somatostatin subtype 5 and dopamine 2 receptors by corticotroph pituitary adenomas, pharmacologically. Indeed, we recently observed that stepwise medical combination therapy with the somatostatin-analog pasireotide, the dopamine-agonist cabergoline, and ketoconazole (which directly suppresses steroidogenesis) biochemically controlled CD patients and lowered their blood pressure after 80 days. Glucocorticoids (GC) modulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) among others by increasing hepatic angiotensinogen expression and stimulating mineralocorticoid receptors (MR). This study therefore evaluated plasma RAAS components in CD patients before and after drug therapy. In addition, we studied whether cabergoline/pasireotide have direct relaxant effects in angiotensin II (Ang II)-constricted iliac arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats, with and without concomitant GR/MR stimulation with dexamethasone or hydrocortisone.
European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies.Eur J Endocrinol.2014 Feb 1;170(2):181-91. doi: 10.1530/EJE-13-0477. Print 2014 Feb.
OBJECTIVE/METHODS: Cushing's disease (CD) is often accompanied by hypertension. CD can be treated surgically and, given the expression of somatostatin subtype 5 and dopamine 2 receptors by corticotroph pituitary adenomas, pharmacologically. Indeed, we recently observed that stepwise medical combinat
PMID 24165019

Normotensive blood pressure in pregnancy: the role of salt and aldosterone.

Gennari-Moser C1, Escher G, Kramer S, Dick B, Eisele N, Baumann M, Raio L, Frey FJ, Surbek D, Mohaupt MG.Author information 1Division of Hypertension, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Bern, CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland. markus.mohaupt@insel.ch.AbstractA successful pregnancy requires an accommodating environment. Salt and water availability are critical for plasma volume expansion. Any changes in sodium intake would alter aldosterone, a hormone previously described beneficial in pregnancy. To date, it remains ambiguous whether high aldosterone or high salt intake is preferable. We hypothesized that increased aldosterone is a rescue mechanism and appropriate salt availability is equally effective in maintaining a normotensive blood pressure (BP) phenotype in pregnancy. We compared normotensive pregnant women (n=31) throughout pregnancy with young healthy female individuals (n=31-62) and performed salt sensitivity testing within the first trimester. Suppression of urinary tetrahydro-aldosterone levels by salt intake as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and urinary sodium excretion corrected for creatinine, respectively, was shifted toward a higher salt intake in pregnancy (P<0.0001). In pregnancy, neither high urinary tetrahydro-aldosterone nor sodium excretion was correlated with higher BP. In contrast, in nonpregnant women, systolic BP rose with aldosterone (P<0.05). Testing the impact of salt on BP, we performed salt sensitivity testing in a final cohort of 19 pregnant and 24 nonpregnant women. On salt loading, 24-hour mean arterial pressure rose by 3.6±1.5 and dropped by -2.8±1.5 mm Hg favoring pregnant women (P<0.01; χ(2)=6.04; P<0.02). Our data suggest first that salt responsiveness of aldosterone is alleviated in conditions of pregnancy without causing aldosterone-induced hypertension. Second, salt seems to aid in BP lowering in pregnancy for reasons incompletely elucidated, yet involving renin suppression and potentially placental sensing mechanisms. Further research should identify susceptible individuals and clarify effector mechanisms.
Hypertension.Hypertension.2014 Feb;63(2):362-8. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02320. Epub 2013 Dec 2.
A successful pregnancy requires an accommodating environment. Salt and water availability are critical for plasma volume expansion. Any changes in sodium intake would alter aldosterone, a hormone previously described beneficial in pregnancy. To date, it remains ambiguous whether high aldosterone or
PMID 24296282

Plasma soluble (pro)renin receptor is independent of plasma renin, prorenin, and aldosterone concentrations but is affected by ethnicity.

Nguyen G1, Blanchard A, Curis E, Bergerot D, Chambon Y, Hirose T, Caumont-Prim A, Tabard SB, Baron S, Frank M, Totsune K, Azizi M.Author information 1Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, UMR INSERM U1050/CNRS 7241, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05. genevieve.nguyen@college-de-france.fr.AbstractA soluble (pro)renin receptor (sPRR) circulates in plasma and is able to bind renin and prorenin. It is not known whether plasma sPRR concentrations vary with the activity of the renin-angiotensin system. We measured plasma sPRR, renin, prorenin, and aldosterone concentrations in 121 white and 9 black healthy subjects, 40 patients with diabetes mellitus, 41 hypertensive patients with or without renin-angiotensin system blockers, 9 patients with primary aldosteronism, and 10 patients with Gitelman syndrome. Median physiological plasma sPRR concentration was 23.5 ng/mL (interquartile range, 20.9-26.5) under usual uncontrolled sodium diet. sPRR concentration in healthy subjects, unlike renin and prorenin, did not display circadian variation or dependence on age, sex, posture, or hormonal status. sPRR concentrations were ≈25% lower in black than in white subjects, whereas renin concentrations were ≈40% lower. Patients with diabetes mellitus (average renin-high prorenin levels) and with hypertension only (average renin-average prorenin levels) had sPRR concentrations similar to healthy subjects. Renin-angiotensin system blockade was associated with increase of sPRR concentration by ≈12%. sPRR in patients with primary aldosteronism (low renin-low prorenin) and Gitelman syndrome (high renin-high prorenin) were similar and ≈10% higher than in healthy subjects. There was no correlation between sPRR and renin or prorenin. In conclusion, our results show that plasma sPRR concentrations are dependent on ethnicity and independent of renin, prorenin, and aldosterone concentrations in healthy subjects and in patients with contrasted degrees of renin-angiotensin system activity.
Hypertension.Hypertension.2014 Feb;63(2):297-302. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02217. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
A soluble (pro)renin receptor (sPRR) circulates in plasma and is able to bind renin and prorenin. It is not known whether plasma sPRR concentrations vary with the activity of the renin-angiotensin system. We measured plasma sPRR, renin, prorenin, and aldosterone concentrations in 121 white and 9 bla
PMID 24218434

Japanese Journal

Reversible impairment of the processing of proopiomelanocortin into ACTH in pituitary enlargement suspected of lymphocytic hypophysitis

Akahori Hiroshi
Endocrine Journal 59(12), 1121-1129, 2012
… Synthesis of immature ACTH is generally thought to be due to impaired processing of the precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC) through activation of prohormone convertase (PC)-1 by CRH. …
NAID 130004443776

Global Identification of Peptide Processing Sites Implicated in the Regulated Secretory Pathway

WAKABAYASHI Masaki,SASAKI Kazuki,OSAKI Tsukasa,SATOMI Yoshinori,TAKAO Toshifumi,MINAMINO Naoto
Peptide science : proceedings of the ... Japanese Peptide Symposium 2010, 107, 2011-03-01
NAID 10028237460