WordNet

following a meal (especially dinner); "his postprandial cigar"; "took a postprandial walk"

PrepTutorEJDIC

食後の,正餐(せいさん)後の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/05/05 16:37:21」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Postprandial (noun form: postprandium) means after eating a meal^[1] while preprandial is before a meal.

Usages of the term

Postprandial thermogenesis increases metabolic rate to different degree depending on food constituents.

The term postprandial is used in many contexts.

A common use is in relation to blood sugar (or blood glucose) levels, which are normally measured 2 hours after and before eating in a postprandial glucose test. This is because blood glucose levels usually rise after a meal. The American Diabetes Association recommends a postprandial glucose level under 180 mg/dl and a preprandial plasma glucose between 70–130 mg/dl.^[2]

Other uses of postprandial include:

Postprandial dip is a mild decrease in blood sugar after eating a big meal.
Postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) is high blood sugar following a meal. It can be evaluated in a postprandial glucose test.
Postprandial hypotension is a drastic decline in blood pressure which happens after eating a meal.^[3]
Postprandial regurgitation is a unique symptom of rumination syndrome.
Postprandial thermogenesis is heat production due to metabolism after a meal, temporarily increasing the metabolic rate.
Postprandial abdominal distension usually refers to bloating of the abdomen following a meal, especially a large one. It is generally harmless, but tends to be uncomfortable. Instances of its sudden onset or prolonged duration can, however, be symptoms of certain severe adverse gastro-intestinal conditions such as irritable bowel disease.^[which?]
Postprandial abdominal distension is also a documented side effect of some medications.^[which?]^{[citation needed]}

Processes in the postprandium

In the postprandium, there is digestion of food in the gastrointestinal tract, followed by uptake and various metabolic processes, mainly anabolic ones (building organic molecules from smaller units). The postprandium is characterized by an increased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, putting the body in a state of "rest and digest".

References

^ MedlinePlus: Medical Dictionary. "Postprandial." Last accessed July 13, 2007.
^ American Diabetes Association. January 2006 Diabetes Care. "Standards of Medical Care-Table 6 and Table 7, Correlation between A1C level and Mean Plasma Glucose Levels on Multiple Testing over 2-3 months." Vol. 29 Supplement 1 Pages 51-580.
^ Merck Manual Home Health Handbook. "Postprandial Hypotension." Last revised February 2003. Last accessed July 13, 2007.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 食後の（反応性）低血糖 postprandial reactive hypoglycemia
2. 起立性低血圧および食後低血圧のメカニズム、原因、および評価 mechanisms causes and evaluation of orthostatic and postprandial hypotension
3. 起立性低血圧および食後低血圧の治療 treatment of orthostatic and postprandial hypotension
4. 2型糖尿病における持続性高血糖の管理 management of persistent hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus
5. 腹腔動脈圧迫症候群 celiac artery compression syndrome

English Journal

Effective Control of Postprandial Glucose Level through Inhibition of Intestinal Alpha Glucosidase by Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.).

Ghadyale V, Takalikar S, Haldavnekar V, Arvindekar A.SourceDepartment of Biochemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004, India.
Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.2012;2012:372909. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
Inhibition of intestinal alpha glucosidase plays a major role in preventing rise in postprandial glucose level in diabetics. Cymbopogon martinii (CM) (family Poaceae) is used in traditional Indian medicine in treatment of diabetes mellitus. The alpha glucosidase inhibitory action of the plant is stu
PMID 21792369

Phospholipase A2 mediates apolipoprotein-independent uptake of chylomicron remnant-like particles by human macrophages.

Napolitano M, Kruth HS, Bravo E.SourceDepartment of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
International journal of vascular medicine.Int J Vasc Med.2012;2012:501954. Epub 2011 Aug 21.
Apolipoprotein E-receptor-mediated pathways are the main routes by which macrophages take up chylomicron remnants, but uptake may also be mediated by receptor-independent routes. To investigate these mechanisms, triacylglycerol (TG) accumulation induced by apolipoprotein-free chylomicron remnant-lik
PMID 21876814

Hypertriglyceridemia, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Disease in HIV-Infected Patients: Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy and Adipose Tissue Distribution.

van Wijk JP, Cabezas MC.SourceDepartment of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
International journal of vascular medicine.Int J Vasc Med.2012;2012:201027. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
The use of combination antiretroviral therapy (CART) in HIV-infected patients has resulted in a dramatic decline in AIDS-related mortality. However, mortality due to non-AIDS conditions, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD) seems to increase in this population. CART has been associated with sev
PMID 21876813

Japanese Journal

Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) suppresses postprandial lipidemia through fatty acid oxidation in enterocytes.

Kimura Rino,Takahashi Nobuyuki,Murota Kaeko,Yamada Yuko,Niiya Saori,Kanzaki Noriyuki,Murakami Yoko,Moriyama Tatsuya,Goto Tsuyoshi,Kawada Teruo
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 410(1), 1-6, 2011-06-24
… Recently, postprandial serum lipid levels have been found to correlate more closely to cardiovascular diseases than fasting levels, although fasting hyperlipidemia is considered an important risk of cardiovascular diseases. … However, the effect of PPARα activation on postprandial lipidemia has not been clarified. … In this study, we examined the effects of PPARα activation in enterocytes on lipid secretion and postprandial lipidemia. …
NAID 120003238957

75g糖負荷試験とHbA1cの年齢別解析

高井孝典,佐倉宏,岩本安彦
東京女子医科大学雑誌 81(E2), E184-E188, 2011-03-31
目的:75 g経口糖負荷試験(OGTT)による血糖値の判定基準と、新しい診断基準のひとつに採用されたHbA1c値の判定基準を年齢層別に比較検討した。,方法:糖尿病が疑われて東京女子医科大学病院の糖尿病・代謝内科を受診し、OGTTを施行した7,798名を対象とした。OGTTの判定基準に基づき、正常型(NGT)、境界型(BL)、糖尿病型(DM)に分類した。OGTTの判定基準による分類と、HbA1c値の …
NAID 110008441466

食後高血糖、食後脂質異常症が動脈硬化に及ぼす影響-疫学研究をもとに-

中神朋子,岩本安彦
東京女子医科大学雑誌 81(E2), E100-E104, 2011-03-31
食後高血糖状態において、内皮機能の低下から動脈硬化に至るまでの最も大きな要因は酸化ストレスに起因する。食後高血糖により酸化ストレスが亢進すると、インスリン抵抗性が肝臓でのLPL活性の低下を引き起こし食後の高TG血症を助長する。そこでRLPの出現が促進、LDLは小型化し酸化LDLとなり、両者は容易に動脈壁マクロファージに取り込まれ動脈硬化プラークを形成する。過去10年間、食後高血糖と心血管病に関する …
NAID 110008441452