WordNet

fall in drops; "Water is dripping from the faucet"
(architecture) a projection from a cornice or sill designed to protect the area below from rainwater (as over a window or doorway) (同)drip mold, drip mould
the sound of a liquid falling drop by drop; "the constant sound of dripping irritated him" (同)dripping
flowing in drops; the formation and falling of drops of liquid; "theres a drip through the roof" (同)trickle, dribble

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈液体が〉『したたる』,しずくを垂らす,ぽたぽた落ちる《+『down』》;(…から)したたる《+『from』+『名』》 / 〈容器などが〉しずくを垂らす / (…で)びしょぬれになる,あふれる《+『with』+『名』》 / 〈液体〉‘を'したたらせる / 〈C〉『したたり』,しずく / 〈U〉したたること;しずくの落ちる音

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/09/03 13:40:09」(JST)

wiki en

Post-nasal drip (PND, also termed upper airway cough syndrome, UACS, or post nasal drip syndrome, PNDS) occurs when excessive mucus is produced by the nasal mucosa. The excess mucus accumulates in the throat or back of the nose. It is caused by rhinitis, sinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or by a disorder of swallowing (such as an esophageal motility disorder). It is frequently caused by an allergy, which may be seasonal or persistent throughout the year.^{[medical citation needed]}

However, other researchers argue that mucus dripping down the back of the throat from the nasal cavity is a normal physiologic process that occurs in healthy individuals.^[1] Post-nasal drip syndrome as a concept has been challenged due to a lack of an accepted definition, a lack of any pathologic tissue changes and no available biochemical tests. The phrase has been described as a "pseudo-syndrome" (i.e., not a real medical condition) which serves as a catch-all, waste-basket phrase that is unhelpful.^[1]

Associated conditions

PND is suggested to be a cause of extra-oral halitosis, especially when a sinus infection is also present. Acid reflux or heartburn is believed to aggravate and in some cases cause post-nasal drip.^[2]

Treatment

First-generation antihistamine has been suggested as first-line therapy to treat post-nasal drip.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Morice, AH (2004). "Post-nasal drip syndrome--a symptom to be sniffed at?". Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics. 17 (6): 343–5. doi:10.1016/j.pupt.2004.09.005. PMID 15564073.
^ Rosenberg, M (1996). "Clinical assessment of bad breath: current concepts". Journal of the American Dental Association. 127 (4): 475–82. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1996.0239. PMID 8655868.
^ Irwin, Richard S.; Baumann, Michael H.; Bolser, Donald C.; Boulet, Louis-Philippe; Braman, Sidney S.; Brightling, Christopher E.; Brown, Kevin K.; Canning, Brendan J.; Chang, Anne B.; Dicpinigaitis, Peter V.; Eccles, Ron; Glomb, W. Brendle; Goldstein, Larry B.; Graham, LeRoy M.; Hargreave, Frederick E.; Kvale, Paul A.; Lewis, Sandra Zelman; McCool, F. Dennis; McCrory, Douglas C.; Prakash, Udaya B.S.; Pratter, Melvin R.; Rosen, Mark J.; Schulman, Edward; Shannon, John Jay; Hammond, Carol Smith; Tarlo, Susan M. (January 2006). "Diagnosis and Management of Cough Executive Summary". Chest. 129 (1): 1S–23S. doi:10.1378/chest.129.1_suppl.1S.

External links

Medline Plus article on Nasal Discharge

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 成人における亜急性および慢性咳嗽の治療 treatment of subacute and chronic cough in adults
2. 慢性非アレルギー性鼻炎 chronic nonallergic rhinitis
3. 成人における亜急性および慢性咳嗽の評価 evaluation of subacute and chronic cough in adults
4. 慢性副鼻腔炎：臨床症状、病態生理、および診断 chronic rhinosinusitis clinical manifestations pathophysiology and diagnosis
5. アレルギー性鼻炎：臨床症状、疫学、および診断 allergic rhinitis clinical manifestations epidemiology and diagnosis

English Journal

Sinonasal outcomes in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Kuan EC1, Tajudeen BA1, Peng KA1, Wang MB1.
The Laryngoscope.Laryngoscope.2015 Nov;125(11):2617-20. doi: 10.1002/lary.25411. Epub 2015 Jun 24.
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common adult and pediatric sleep disorder, which, if left untreated, is associated with severe medical consequences. Otolaryngologists are often challenged by the impact of OSAS on sinonasal symptoms, as well as by the contribution
PMID 26108348

A randomized study of temperature-controlled versus bipolar radiofrequency for inferior turbinate reduction.

Banhiran W1, Assanasen P, Tantilipikorn P, Nujchanart N, Voraprayoon S, Bunnag C.
European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.2015 Oct;272(10):2877-84. doi: 10.1007/s00405-014-3410-y. Epub 2014 Nov 29.
The objective of this study is to compare outcomes of temperature-controlled radiofrequency (TCRF) and bipolar radiofrequency (BRF) for inferior turbinate reduction in patients with chronic rhinitis (CR). This was a prospective, randomized non-inferiority trial. Eighty-four adult patients with CR re
PMID 25432641

Capsaicin for non-allergic rhinitis.

Gevorgyan A1, Segboer C, Gorissen R, van Drunen CM, Fokkens W.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.Cochrane Database Syst Rev.2015 Jul 14;7:CD010591. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: There are many forms of rhinitis. Patients are diagnosed with non-allergic rhinitis when anatomic, infectious and allergic aetiologies have been excluded. The symptoms, including nasal congestion, blockage or obstruction, clear rhinorrhoea, sneezing and, less frequently, nasal itching, c
PMID 26171907

Japanese Journal

精神運動発達障害と頭蓋骨変形を伴う内視鏡下鼻内副鼻腔手術例

中村陽祐,竹内裕美,福島慶 [他],森實理恵,北野博也
耳鼻咽喉科臨床 108(5), 353-358, 2015
… He had a history of rhinorrhea and postnasal drip, and was referred to our hospital because CT revealed advanced pansinusitis on both sides. …
NAID 130005067358

通年性アレルギー性鼻炎患者の咽喉頭症状および睡眠障害におけるベポタスチンベシル酸塩の有用性

村嶋智明,内藤健晴,齊藤正治,伊藤周史,三村英也
耳鼻咽喉科免疫アレルギー 31(4), 257-265, 2013
通年性アレルギー性鼻炎における咽喉頭症状，睡眠障害についての検討はそれほど多くない。今回，我々は，通年性アレルギー性鼻炎の咳嗽，咽喉頭異常感，後鼻漏および睡眠障害の臨床的特徴を明確にするために，これらの症状および所見を調査するとともに，抗ヒスタミン薬の有効性についても検討を行った。藤田保健衛生大学病院およびその関連施設を受診した通年性アレルギー性鼻炎患者28名を対象とし，全例にベポタスチンベシル酸 …
NAID 130003387208

上顎洞性後鼻孔ポリープの臨床的検討

浅香大也,吉川衛,中山次久 [他],吉田拓人,吉村剛,飯村慈朗,大櫛哲史,松脇由典,飯田誠,柳清,鴻信義,森山寛
日本耳鼻咽喉科學會會報 115(2), 101-107, 2012-02-20
上顎洞性後鼻孔ポリープは上顎洞粘膜の慢性炎症を成因とし, 自然口または副口を介して後鼻孔まで伸展したポリープである. 今回われわれは上顎洞性後鼻孔ポリープの臨床的特徴を検討して報告する. 対象期間は2007年4月から2008年3月まで, 東京慈恵会医科大学およびその関連施設計5施設において内視鏡下鼻内手術を施行した慢性副鼻腔炎患者728例のうち, 上顎洞性後鼻孔ポリープと診断された症例15例 (2 …
NAID 10030285969

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

「drip」

Post-nasal drip
Classification and external resources
Specialty	Otorhinolaryngology
ICD-10	R09.8
ICD-9-CM	784.91
eMedicine	ent/338
	[edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

v.

点滴する

関: drip infusion、infusion、instill、intravenous infusion

[Morice_2004-1] Morice, AH (2004). "Post-nasal drip syndrome--a symptom to be sniffed at?". Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics. 17 (6): 343–5. doi:10.1016/j.pupt.2004.09.005. PMID 15564073.

[Rosenberg1996-2] Rosenberg, M (1996). "Clinical assessment of bad breath: current concepts". Journal of the American Dental Association. 127 (4): 475–82. doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1996.0239. PMID 8655868.

[3] Irwin, Richard S.; Baumann, Michael H.; Bolser, Donald C.; Boulet, Louis-Philippe; Braman, Sidney S.; Brightling, Christopher E.; Brown, Kevin K.; Canning, Brendan J.; Chang, Anne B.; Dicpinigaitis, Peter V.; Eccles, Ron; Glomb, W. Brendle; Goldstein, Larry B.; Graham, LeRoy M.; Hargreave, Frederick E.; Kvale, Paul A.; Lewis, Sandra Zelman; McCool, F. Dennis; McCrory, Douglas C.; Prakash, Udaya B.S.; Pratter, Melvin R.; Rosen, Mark J.; Schulman, Edward; Shannon, John Jay; Hammond, Carol Smith; Tarlo, Susan M. (January 2006). "Diagnosis and Management of Cough Executive Summary". Chest. 129 (1): 1S–23S. doi:10.1378/chest.129.1_suppl.1S.

v t e Symptoms and signs: Speech and voice / Symptoms involving head and neck (R47–R49, 784)

Aphasias	Acute Aphasias Expressive aphasia Receptive aphasia Conduction aphasia Anomic aphasia Global aphasia Transcortical sensory aphasia Transcortical motor aphasia Mixed transcortical aphasia Progressive Aphasias Progressive nonfluent aphasia Semantic dementia Logopenic progressive aphasia Speech disturbances Speech disorder Developmental verbal dyspraxia/‎Apraxia of speech Auditory verbal agnosia Dysarthria Schizophasia Aprosodia/Dysprosody Specific language impairment Thought disorder Pressure of speech Derailment Clanging Circumstantiality

Communication disorders	Developmental dyslexia/Alexia Agnosia Astereognosis Prosopagnosia Visual agnosia Gerstmann syndrome Developmental coordination disorder/Apraxia Ideomotor apraxia Dyscalculia/Acalculia Agraphia

Voice disturbances	Dysphonia/Aphonia Bogart–Bacall syndrome

Nose	Post-nasal drip Epistaxis

Mouth	Orofacial pain Toothache Galvanic pain Barodontalgia Fremitus Tooth mobility Bruxism Trismus Ageusia Hypogeusia Dysgeusia Parageusia Hypergeusia Xerostomia Halitosis Drooling Hypersalivation

Neck	Neck mass Cervical lymphadenopathy

Other	Headache Auditory processing disorder Otalgia Velopharyngeal inadequacy Velopharyngeal insufficiency Hypersensitive gag reflex Jaw claudication

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案内

案内

postnasal drip