ポリカルボフィル。ポリカルボフィルカルシウム
WordNet
- a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light; the fifth most abundant element in the earths crust; an important component of most plants and animals (同)Ca, atomic number 20
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『カルシウム』(金属元素;化学記号は『Ca』)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/20 21:18:54」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Polycarbophil calcium
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| Clinical data |
| AHFS/Drugs.com |
Multum Consumer Information |
| Pregnancy cat. |
C (US) |
| Legal status |
OTC (US) |
| Routes |
Oral (tablets) |
| Identifiers |
| CAS number |
9003-97-8 N |
| ATC code |
A06AC08 |
| PubChem |
SID49901815 |
| KEGG |
D03306 N |
| Chemical data |
| Formula |
(C3H3Ca1/2O2)a(C6H10O2)b |
| N (what is this?) (verify) |
Polycarbophil calcium (INN) is a drug used as a stool stabilizer. Chemically, it is a synthetic polymer of polyacrylic acid cross-linked with divinyl glycol, with calcium as a counter-ion.
Clinical uses[edit]
It is used as stool stabilizer to treat constipation, diarrhea and abdominal discomfort. Bulk laxatives absorb liquid in the intestines and swell to form a soft bulky stool. The bulky mass stimulates the intestinal muscles, speeding stool transit time through the colon. Results usually occur within 12 to 72 hours. Calcium polycarbophil will not work without increased fluid intake.
Calcium polycarbophil has been marketed as an over-the-counter agent used for treating functional bowel disorder and as a bulk-producing agent.
A study looked at the effects of calcium polycarbophil on general irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. Fourteen patients with IBS-diarrhea and twelve with IBS-constipation were given calcium polycarbophil for eight weeks and their colon transit times were measured with radiopaque markers in the colon. The patients with diarrhea reported fewer bowel movements, more solid stools and reduced abdominal pain. Patients with constipation reported more frequent bowel movements, looser stools and less pain.[1]
The human stomach presents a mild acidic environment due to the presence of HCl. Polycarbophil absorbs about ten times its own weight of water under acidic conditions, but the swelling ratio markedly increases at above pH 4.0 and reaches 70 times the initial weight under pH-neutral conditions. The swelling of polycarbophil is not affected by non-ionic osmolarity, but by ionic strength, showing a decrease with increase of ionic strength. Monovalent metal ions such as sodium and potassium ions in gastrointestinal fluid do not reduce the equilibrium swelling of polycarbophil, but divalent ions such as calcium and magnesium ions do. However, calcium ions only slightly reduce the equilibrium swelling under sodium-rich conditions.[2]
A different representation: polyacrylic acid residues are shown in red, residues of the cross-linker divinyl glycol (3,4-dihydroxy-1,5-hexadiene) in blue.
References[edit]
- Saito, T; Mizutani, F; Iwanaga, Y; Morikawa, K; Kato, H (2002). "Laxative and anti-diarrheal activity of polycarbophil in mice and rats". Japanese journal of pharmacology 89 (2): 133–41. PMID 12120755.
- Torii, A; Toda, G (2004). "Management of irritable bowel syndrome". Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 43 (5): 353–9. PMID 15206545.
- Paterson, WG; Thompson, WG; Vanner, SJ; Faloon, TR; Rosser, WW; Birtwhistle, RW; Morse, JL; Touzel, TA (1999). "Recommendations for the management of irritable bowel syndrome in family practice. IBS Consensus Conference Participants". Canadian Medical Association Journal 161 (2): 154–60. PMC 1230466. PMID 10439825.
- ^ Chiba, T; Kudara, N; Sato, M; Chishima, R; Abiko, Y; Inomata, M; Orii, S; Suzuki, K (2005). "Colonic transit, bowel movements, stool form, and abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome by treatments with calcium polycarbophil". Hepato-gastroenterology 52 (65): 1416–20. PMID 16201086.
- ^ Shibata, C; Funayama, Y; Fukushima, K; Takahashi, K; Ogawa, H; Haneda, S; Watanabe, K; Kudoh, K et al. (2007). "Effect of calcium polycarbophil on bowel function after restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled trial". Digestive diseases and sciences 52 (6): 1423–6. doi:10.1007/s10620-006-9270-6. PMID 17394081.
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Drugs for constipation (laxatives and cathartics) (A06)
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| Softeners, emollients |
- Liquid paraffin
- Docusate sodium
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| Contact laxatives |
- Oxyphenisatine
- Bisacodyl
- Dantron
- Phenolphthalein
- Castor oil
- Senna glycosides
- Cascara
- Sodium picosulfate
- Bisoxatin
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| Bulk-forming laxatives |
- Ispaghula
- Ethulose
- Sterculia
- Linseed
- Methylcellulose
- Triticum
- Polycarbophil calcium
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| Osmotically acting laxatives |
- Magnesium carbonate
- Magnesium hydroxide
- Magnesium oxide
- Magnesium peroxide
- Magnesium sulfate
- Lactulose
- Lactitol
- Sodium sulfate
- Pentaerythritol
- Macrogol
- Mannitol
- Sodium phosphate
- Sorbitol
- Magnesium citrate
- Sodium tartrate
- Laminarid
- Polyethylene glycol;
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| Enemas |
- Sodium laurilsulfate
- Sodium phosphate
- Bisacodyl
- Dantron
- Glycerol
- Oil
- Sorbitol
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| Peripheral opioid antagonists |
- Alvimopan
- Methylnaltrexone
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| Prostaglandins |
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| Other |
- Linaclotide
- Prucalopride
- Tegaserod
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anat (t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy
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noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon
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proc, drug (A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Functional Outcomes of Patients Treated with Intensive Medications for Bowel and Pain Control for Low-Lying Rectal Cancer Who Received Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy.
- Beppu N1, Fumihiko K, Hiroshi D, Norihiko K, Matsubara N, Tomita N, Yanagi H, Yamanaka N.
- Digestive surgery.Dig Surg.2016;33(5):431-8. doi: 10.1159/000444458. Epub 2016 May 20.
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the functional outcomes of patients treated with intensive medications for bowel and pain control for low-lying rectal cancer who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).METHODS: The inclusion criterion was sphincter-preserving surgery following CRT
- PMID 27198754
- Lyophilized sponges loaded with curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles for buccal delivery: Development and characterization.
- Hazzah HA1, Farid RM2, Nasra MM3, El-Massik MA4, Abdallah OY5.
- International journal of pharmaceutics.Int J Pharm.2015 Aug 15;492(1-2):248-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.06.022. Epub 2015 Jul 17.
- This study aimed to prepare and evaluate mucoadhesive sponges as dosage forms for delivering solid lipid nanoparticles. For this purpose curcumin (Cur) was formulated as solid nanoparticles (SLN) using Gelucire 50/13, and polaxomer 407. The prepared CurSLN dispersion was thickened with different muc
- PMID 26189427
- Formulation and evaluation of Cyclosporin A emulgel for ocular delivery.
- Shen Y1, Ling X1, Jiang W2, Du S1, Lu Y3, Tu J1.
- Drug delivery.Drug Deliv.2015;22(7):911-7. doi: 10.3109/10717544.2013.861883. Epub 2014 Jan 8.
- Emulgels have been extensively covered as a promising drug delivery system for the administration of lipophilic drugs. This work was conducted to develop an emulgel formulation for Cyclosporin A (CsA) employing polycarbophil as the gelling agent for ocular delivery. The prepared emulgels were evalua
- PMID 24401095
Japanese Journal
- 本邦における便失禁診療の実態調査報告?診断と治療の現状?
- 味村 俊樹,山名 哲郎,高尾 良彦,積 美保子,遠藤 智美,勝野 秀稔,松岡 弘芳,大毛 宏喜,角田 明良,吉岡 和彦,貞廣 荘太郎,前田 耕太郎
- 日本大腸肛門病学会雑誌 65(3), 101-108, 2012
- 目的：本邦における便失禁診療の実態を多施設共同で調査する．方法：2009年の1年間に便失禁を主訴に9施設を初診した患者を対象に，臨床背景，施行した検査，考えられる原因，施行した治療法とその効果に関して調査した．結果：対象症例は293例で，女性214例，初診時平均年齢65±15歳であった．検査は肛門管内圧検査（87％），肛門超音波検査（62％），直腸バルーン知覚検査（41％）の順で，原因は内肛門括約 …
- NAID 130002123534
- 消化管炎症マーカーと過敏性腸症候群(シンポジウム:脳腸相関と腸管炎症,2010年,第51回日本心身医学会総会ならびに学術講演会(仙台))
- 千葉 俊美,佐藤 邦彦,松田 望 [他],鳥谷 洋右,遠藤 啓,織笠 俊輔,小坂 崇,斎藤 慎二,安孫子 幸人,春日井 聡,小穴 修平,遠藤 昌樹,鈴木 一幸
- 心身医学 51(4), 312-316, 2011-04-01
- … 目的:過敏性腸症候群(IBS)患者のサイトカインの動態をpolycarbophil calcium投与前後において比較検討した.対象:RomeIII基準を用いて診断したIBS患者24例を対象とした.その内訳は下痢型13例(男性7例,女性6例),便秘型11例(男性2例,女性9例),平均年齢55歳(25〜74歳)であった.方法:Polycarbophil calcium(1500〜3000mg/日)を12週間経口投与し,投与前後に血清サイトカインを測定した.血清17 …
- NAID 110008593579
- ポリカルボフィルカルシウム製剤服用を契機として腸閉塞を来した1症例
- 奥川 郁,土屋 邦之,石原 陽介,中野 且敬,秋岡 清一,大坂 芳夫,高橋 滋,迫 裕孝
- 日本消化器外科学会雑誌 44(7), 861-867, 2011
- ポリカルボフィルカルシウム製剤服用後にイレウスにて開腹術を行った67歳の女性の症例について報告する．右卵巣嚢腫で手術既往があった．下痢のため近医よりポリカルボフィルカルシウム製剤を7日分処方された．服用12日目に腹部膨満と嘔吐が出現し，当院救急受診，入院となった．CTにて小腸の拡張と，小腸内に結腸内便様の内容物を認めた．イレウス管を挿入し保存的に経過を見たが，症状の増悪を見たため入院4日後に開腹 …
- NAID 130004560727
Related Links
- Find patient medical information for calcium polycarbophil oral on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. ... Polycarbophil is used to treat constipation. It is ...
- Polycarbophil is a bulk-forming laxative that increases the amount of water in your stools to help make them softer and easier to pass. Polycarbophil is used to treat constipation and to help maintain regular bowel movements.
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- polycarbophil
- 化
- ポリカルボフィルカルシウム polycarbophil calcium
- 商
- コロネル、ポリカルボフィルCa、ポリフル
- 関
- その他の消化器官用薬
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