関: plastoquinone-9

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/12 05:40:04」(JST)

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Plastoquinone (PQ) is a quinone molecule involved in the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Plastoquinone is reduced when it accepts two electrons from photosystem II and two hydrogen cations (H⁺) from the stromal matrix of the chloroplast), thereby forming plastoquinol. It transports the protons into the lumen of thylakoid discs, while the electrons continue further along the electron transport chain, into the cytochrome b₆f protein complex.

The prefix plasto- means either plastid or chloroplast, alluding to its location within the cell.^[1]

Structurally it is a 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone molecule with a side chain of nine isoprenyl units.

Derivatives

Some derivatives designed to penetrate cell membranes (SkQ1 (plastoquinonyl-decyl-triphenylphosphonium), SkQR1 (the rhodamine-containing analog of SkQ1), SkQ3) have anti-oxidant and protonophore activity.^[2]

SkQ1 is proposed as an anti-aging treatment.^[3]^[4]

SkQ1 is starting clinical trials for glaucoma in Russia.

References

Berg, J; Tymoczko, J; Stryer, L (2002). Biochemistry (Fifth Edition). W H Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-4684-0.

^ http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Plastoquinone Definition of plastoquinone
^ F.F. Severina; I.I. Severina, Y.N. Antonenkoa, T.I. Rokitskayaa, D.A. Cherepanovb, E.N. Mokhovaa, M.Yu. Vyssokikha, A.V. Pustovidkoa, O.V. Markovaa, L.S. Yaguzhinskya, G.A. Korshunovaa, N.V. Sumbatyana, M.V. Skulacheva, V.P. Skulacheva (2009). "Penetrating cation/fatty acid anion pair as a mitochondria-targeted protonophore.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107 (2): 663–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.0910216107. PMC 2818959. PMID 20080732. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)
^ "An attempt to prevent senescence: A mitochondrial approach.". 2008.
^ http://protein.bio.msu.ru/biokhimiya/contents/v73/pdf/bcm_1329.pdf Mitochondria-Targeted Plastoquinone Derivatives as Tools to Interrupt Execution of the Aging Program. 5. SkQ1 Prolongs Lifespan and Prevents Development of Traits of Senescence. Anisimov etal. 2008

External links

Plastoquinones History, absorption spectra, and analogs.

English Journal

Exchange pathways of plastoquinone and plastoquinol in the photosystem II complex.

Van Eerden FJ1, Melo MN1,2, Frederix PWJM1, Periole X1, Marrink SJ1.
Nature communications.Nat Commun.2017 May 10;8:15214. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15214.
PMID 28489071

On the pathways feeding the H2 production process in nutrient-replete, hypoxic conditions. Commentary on the article "Low oxygen levels contribute to improve photohydrogen production in mixotrophic non-stressed Chlamydomonas cultures", by Jurado-Oller et al., Biotechnology for Biofuels, published September 7, 2015; 8:149.

Scoma A1,2, Tóth SZ3.
Biotechnology for biofuels.Biotechnol Biofuels.2017 May 4;10:116. doi: 10.1186/s13068-017-0800-6. eCollection 2017.
PMID 28484516

Sensitivity of the LuminoTox tool to monitor contaminants of emerging concern in municipal secondary wastewater effluent.

Marshall M1, Pineda M2, Yargeau V3.
The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2017 May 2;598:1065-1075. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.118. [Epub ahead of print]
PMID 28482454

Japanese Journal

Regulation of xanthophyll cycle pool size in response to high light irradiance in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Plant Biotechnology 31(3), 229-240, 2014
NAID 130004677758

Mechanism of proton-coupled quinone reduction in Photosystem II.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 110(3), 954-959, 2013-01-15
NAID 120005241353

O_2-enhanced induction of photosynthesis in rice leaves : the Mehler-ascorbate peroxidase (MAP) pathway drives cyclic electron flow within PSII and cyclic electron flow around PSI(Plant nutrition)

Soil science and plant nutrition 58(6), 718-727, 2012-12
NAID 110009580149

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リンク元	「プラストキノン」
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Plastoquinone
Identifiers
CAS Number	4299-57-4
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
PubChem	6433402
	SMILES CC1=C(C(=O)C(=CC1=O)CC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C53H80O2
Molar mass	749.22 g·mol−1
Related compounds
Related compounds	1,4-benzoquinone quinone Coenzyme Q10
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

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プラストキノン-9

関: plastoquinone

[1] ttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Plastoquinone Definition of plastoquinone

[2] F.F. Severina; I.I. Severina, Y.N. Antonenkoa, T.I. Rokitskayaa, D.A. Cherepanovb, E.N. Mokhovaa, M.Yu. Vyssokikha, A.V. Pustovidkoa, O.V. Markovaa, L.S. Yaguzhinskya, G.A. Korshunovaa, N.V. Sumbatyana, M.V. Skulacheva, V.P. Skulacheva (2009). "Penetrating cation/fatty acid anion pair as a mitochondria-targeted protonophore.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107 (2): 663–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.0910216107. PMC 2818959. PMID 20080732. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)

[3] "An attempt to prevent senescence: A mitochondrial approach.". 2008.

[4] ttp://protein.bio.msu.ru/biokhimiya/contents/v73/pdf/bcm_1329.pdf Mitochondria-Targeted Plastoquinone Derivatives as Tools to Interrupt Execution of the Aging Program. 5. SkQ1 Prolongs Lifespan and Prevents Development of Traits of Senescence. Anisimov etal. 2008

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