WordNet
- a fractional monetary unit in Egypt and Lebanon and Sudan and Syria (同)piastre
PrepTutorEJDIC
- ピアスタ(トルコ・エジプト・シリア・レバノン・スーダンの貨幣;100分の1ポンド)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/08/04 23:21:59」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
|
|
This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2010) |
A 100 piastre note from French Indochina, circa 1954.
French Indochina Piastre 1885
The piastre or piaster refers to a number of units of currency. The term originates from the Italian for "thin metal plate". The name was applied to Spanish and Hispanic American pieces of eight, or pesos, by Venetian traders in the Levant in the 16th century.
These pesos, minted continually for centuries, were readily accepted by traders in many parts of the world. After the countries of Latin America had gained independence, pesos of Mexico began flowing in through the trade routes, and became prolific in the Far East, taking the place of the Spanish pieces of eight which had been introduced by the Spanish at Manila, and by the Portuguese at Malacca. When the French colonised Indochina, they began issuing the new French Indochinese piastre (piastre de commerce), which was equal in value to the familiar Spanish and Mexican pesos.
In the Ottoman Empire, successive currency reforms had reduced the value of the Ottoman piastre by the late 19th century so as to be worth about two pence (2d) sterling. Hence the name piastre referred to two distinct kinds of coins in two distinct parts of the world, both of which had descended from the Spanish pieces of eight.
Because of the debased values of the piastres in the Middle East, these piastres became subsidiary units for the Turkish, Cypriot, and Egyptian pounds. Meanwhile, in Indo-China, the piastre continued into the 1950s and was subsequently renamed the riel, the kip, and the dong in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam respectively.
Contents
- 1 As a main unit
- 2 As a sub-unit
- 3 Informal usage
- 4 See also
- 5 References
As a main unit
- French Indochinese piastre
- Ottoman Turkish piastre
As a sub-unit
- 1/100 of the Egyptian pound
- 1/100 of the Jordanian dinar
- 1/100 of the Lebanese pound
- 1/100 of the Libyan pound
- 1/100 of the South Sudanese pound
- 1/100 of the Sudanese pound
- 1/100 of the Syrian pound
- 1/180 of the Cypriot pound
Informal usage
- Early private bank currency issues in French-speaking regions of Canada were denominated in piastres. The term is still unofficially used in Quebec, Acadian, Franco-Manitoban, and Franco-Ontarian slang as a reference to the Canadian dollar (the official French term for the modern Canadian dollar is dollar"). When used colloquially in this way, the term is often pronounced and spelled "piasse" or "pee-ass" (pl. "piasses"). It was based on 120 units (sous), a quarter of which was "30 sous", which is also still in slang use.
- Piastre was also the original French word for the United States dollar, used for example in the French text of the Louisiana Purchase. Calling the US dollar a piastre is still common among the millions of speakers of Cajun French and New England French. Modern French uses dollar for this unit of currency as well. The term is still used as slang for US dollars in the French-speaking Caribbean islands, most notably Haiti.
Many newcomers to Canada, or Quebec mistakenly pronounce the term as "pièce" from "pièce de monnaie" (coin) but it is really pronounced as "piasse" in French (Canadian) or "pee-ass" in English pronunciation.
- Piastre is another name for kuruş, 1/100 of the Turkish new lira, as well as the old lira.
- The piastre is still used in Mauritius when bidding in auction sales, similarly to the way that guineas are used at racehorse auctions. It is equivalent to 2 rupees.[citation needed]
See also
References
- Eckfeldt, Jacob Reese; Du Bois, William Ewing; Saxton, Joseph (1842). A manual of gold and silver coins of all nations, struck within the past century. Showing their history, and legal basis, and their actual weight, fineness, and value chiefly from original and recent assays. With which are incorporated treatises on bullion and plate, counterfeit coins, specific gravity of precious metals, etc., with recent statistics of the production and coinage of gold and silver in the world, and sundry useful tables. Assay Office of the Mint. p. 132.
English Journal
- Overweight and obesity among school children in Jordan: prevalence and associated factors.
- Khader Y1, Irshaidat O, Khasawneh M, Amarin Z, Alomari M, Batieha A.
- Maternal and child health journal.Matern Child Health J.2009 May;13(3):424-31. doi: 10.1007/s10995-008-0362-0. Epub 2008 May 22.
- OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and determine their associated factors among school children aged 6-12 years in the north of Jordan.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among school children in the north of Jordan in the period between March 2006 and May 20
- PMID 18496747
- Removal of Trihalomethanes by Dual Filtering Media (GAC-Sand) at El-Manshia Water Purification Plant.
- Mohamed MA1, Hassan AH, El Messiry MA, Hazzaa RA.
- The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association.J Egypt Public Health Assoc.2006;81(3-4):241-58.
- Prechlorination is used as an initial step in water purification for public supply. One of the drawbacks of the prechlorination is the reaction between natural organic matters with chlorine forming trihalmethanes. This study aims at evaluating the performance of granular activated carbon (GAC) with
- PMID 17382063
- [Another profession in the Ottoman period dealing with pharmaceutics: surgery].
- Altintaş A1.
- Tıp tarihi araştırmaları = History of medicine studies.Tip Tarihi Arastirmalari.2004;12:126-34.
- We have realized in many documents that in the Ottoman period surgeons were involved in pharmaceutics as much as physicians and herbalists. Surgeons employed by the state ordered more drugs than physicians, and it is interesting that in their order list there were mostly singular drugs instead of re
- PMID 15487074
Japanese Journal
- 左官用消石灰の物理的性質に関する研究:塗装の難易を支配する性質について
Related Links
- plasterとは。意味や和訳。[名][U]1 しっくい，プラスター.2 粉末石膏(せっこう)；焼き石膏(plaster of Paris).3 [C]膏薬，硬膏；((英))絆創膏(ばんそうこう)（((米))Band-Aid）put a (sticking) plaster on one's hand絆創膏を手にはる.in plaster((英 ...
- plaster noun A banknote, esp a one-dollar bill: If you need a couple of plasters until Ed gets out, tell me (1940s+) A person who surreptitiously follows another; shadow; tail: He probably knew he had a plaster by this time (1940s+) A ...
Related Pictures
