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関: perilymph

WordNet

the bodily fluid that fills the space between the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/26 03:17:42」(JST)

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Perilymph (also known as Cotunnius' liquid, and liquor cotunnii) is an extracellular fluid located within the cochlea (part of the inner ear) in two of its three compartments: the scala tympani and scala vestibuli. The ionic composition of perilymph is comparable to that of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. The major cation (positively charged ion) in perilymph is sodium: The values of sodium and potassium concentration in the perilymph are 138 mM and 6.9 mM, respectively.^[1]

Structure

The inner ear has two parts: the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth. The membranous labyrinth is contained within the bony labyrinth, and contains a fluid called endolymph. Between the outer wall of the membranous labyrinth and the wall of the bony labyrinth is the perilymphatic space which contains the perilymph. The membranous labyrinth is suspended in the perilymph. The perilymph in the bony labyrinth is continuous with the cerebrospinal fluid of the subarachnoid space via the perilymphatic duct.^[2]

Composition

Perilymph and endolymph have unique ionic compositions suited to their functions in regulating electrochemical impulses of hair cells. The electric potential of endolymph is ~80-90 mV more positive than perilymph due to a higher concentration of potassium cations (K⁺) than sodium (Na⁺).^[3]

Perilymph is the fluid contained within the bony labyrinth, surrounding and protecting the membranous labyrinth; perilymph resembles extracellular fluid in composition (sodium salts are the predominate positive electrolyte) and, via the perilymphatic duct, is in continuity with cerebrospinal fluid.

Endolymph is the fluid contained within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear; endolymph resembles intracellular fluid in composition (potassium is the main cation).

Clinical significance

It has also been suggested that perilymph and endolymph participate in a unidirectional flow that is interrupted in Ménière's disease.

References

^ Bosher SK, Warren RL (1968-11-05). "Observations on the electrochemistry of the cochlear endolymph of the rat: a quantitative study of its electrical potential and ionic composition as determined by means of flame spectrophotometry". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 171 (1023): 227–247. doi:10.1098/rspb.1968.0066. PMID 4386844.
^ Blumenfeld, Hal (2010). Neuroanatomy through Clinical Cases second edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc.
^ Konishi T, Hamrick PE, Walsh PJ (1978). "Ion transport in guinea pig cochlea. I. Potassium and sodium transport". Acta Otolaryngol 86 (1–2): 22–34. doi:10.3109/00016487809124717. PMID 696294.

External links

http://oto.wustl.edu/cochlea/intro3.htm

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Immunoglobulin G4-related lung disease: clinicoradiological and pathological features.

Matsui S, Hebisawa A, Sakai F, Yamamoto H, Terasaki Y, Kurihara Y, Waseda Y, Kawamura T, Miyashita T, Inoue H, Hata N, Masubuchi H, Sugino K, Kishi J, Kobayashi H, Usui Y, Komazaki Y, Kawabata Y, Ogura T.SourceHealth Administration Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan Division of Clinical Pathology, NHO Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Department of Radiology, Saitama International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Himeji Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan Department of Internal Medicine, Kawaguchi Municipal Medical Center, Saitama, Japan Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, The University of Tokushima Graduate School,Tokushima, Japan Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan Department of Respiratory Disease, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan Department of Integrated Pulmonology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan, Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Saitama Prefectural Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Saitama, Japan Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Prefectural Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Kanagawa, Japan.
Respirology (Carlton, Vic.).Respirology.2012 Nov 13. doi: 10.1111/resp.12016. [Epub ahead of print]
SUMMARY AT A GLANCE: The clinicoradiological and pathological features of IgG4-related lung disease were assessed. Clinically, this disease is silent, although radiological and pathological examinations showed that it involves lymphatic routes, with spread observed on imaging and infiltration on pat
PMID 23145930

Cytomegalovirus DNA detection in dried blood spots and perilymphatic fluids from pediatric and adult cochlear implant recipients with prelingual deafness.

de Vries JJ, Vesseur A, Rotteveel LJ, Korver AM, Rusman LG, Wessels E, Kroes AC, Mylanus EA, Oudesluys-Murphy AM, Frijns JH, Vossen AC.SourceDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. Electronic address: jjcdevries@lumc.nl.
Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology.J Clin Virol.2012 Nov 8. pii: S1386-6532(12)00389-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.10.008. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading cause of non-genetic congenital hearing loss. The contribution of congenital CMV to prelingual deafness and the pathophysiology is largely unknown.OBJECTIVE: (1) To analyze the prevalence of congenital CMV among cochlear implant (
PMID 23141930

Japanese Journal

鼓室内にガドリニウム造影剤投与後の7.05テスラMRIによるマウス内耳画像に関する検討:—造影効果の経時的変化について—

田中泰彦,中村学,深澤雅彦,阿久津征利,肥塚泉
聖マリアンナ医科大学雑誌 43(1), 29-35, 2015
メニエール病の病態は内リンパ水腫と言われているが，その原因は不明である。今回我々は，その原因を明らかにする一歩として，マウス内耳を，高磁場MRIを用いて描出した。マウスはC57/B6Jマウスを使用した。腹腔内麻酔後，生理食塩水で8倍に希釈したガドリニウム造影剤を鼓室内へ投与した。セボフルレンによるマスク麻酔を行い，7.05テスラのMRI装置を用いて内耳の撮像を行った。造影効果を判定するため，1, …
NAID 130005074703

治療中に聴力の変動, 悪化がみられた急性感音難聴の検討

福本一郎,根本俊光,佃朋子 [他],越塚慶一
日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 118(3), 201-205, 2015
　当科において2009年10月から2011年12月の27カ月間に急性感音難聴として入院加療を行った95例を検討し, 診断後に聴力が悪化した症例とその他対照群とを比較した. 聴力悪化の条件は250Hz から4,000Hz の5周波数の聴力閾値平均が10dB 以上悪化, ないし連続した2周波数で各15dB 以上悪化したものとした. 　悪化群は95例中22例 (23.2%) で, 割合については過去 …
NAID 130005065315

外リンパ瘻からの続発性内リンパ水腫形成を疑った2症例

福嶋宗久,北原糺,堀井新,道場隆博,大園芳之,今井隆介
Equilibrium Research 73(1), 16-21, 2014
… As we supposed that they had developed a secondary endolymphatic hydrops associated with perilymphatic fistula, we first performed a simple mastoidectomy and opened the facial recess to carry out an exploratory tympanotomy. …
NAID 130003395176

Related Pictures

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拡張検索	「ductus perilymphaticus」

「ductus perilymphaticus」

Perilymph
	Cross-section of cochlea. Perilymph is located in the scala vestibuli and scala tympani - the aqua regions at the top and bottom of the diagram.
	Cross-section of semi-circular canal and duct showing perilymphatic space
Details
Identifiers
Latin	perilympha
TA	A15.3.03.056
FMA	60908
	Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

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関: cochlear aqueduct

[1] Bosher SK, Warren RL (1968-11-05). "Observations on the electrochemistry of the cochlear endolymph of the rat: a quantitative study of its electrical potential and ionic composition as determined by means of flame spectrophotometry". Proceedings of the Royal Society B 171 (1023): 227–247. doi:10.1098/rspb.1968.0066. PMID 4386844.

[2] Blumenfeld, Hal (2010). Neuroanatomy through Clinical Cases second edition. Sinauer Associates, Inc.

[3] Konishi T, Hamrick PE, Walsh PJ (1978). "Ion transport in guinea pig cochlea. I. Potassium and sodium transport". Acta Otolaryngol 86 (1–2): 22–34. doi:10.3109/00016487809124717. PMID 696294.

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案内

perilymphatic