penchant

　

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1. (…に対する)強い好み《+『for』+『名』(do『ing』)》

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/18 02:22:20」(JST)

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For other uses, see Preference (disambiguation).

The term preferences is used in a variety of related, but not identical, ways in the scientific literature. This makes it necessary to make explicit the sense in which the term is used in different social sciences.

Psychology

In psychology, preferences could be conceived of as an individual’s attitude towards a set of objects, typically reflected in an explicit decision-making process (Lichtenstein & Slovic, 2006). Alternatively, one could interpret the term “preference” to mean evaluative judgment in the sense of liking or disliking an object (e.g., Scherer, 2005) which is the most typical definition employed in psychology. However, it does not mean that a preference is necessarily stable over time. Preference can be notably modified by decision-making processes, such as choices (Brehm, 1956; Sharot, De Martino, & Dolan, 2009), even unconsciously (see Coppin, Delplanque, Cayeux, Porcherot, & Sander, 2010).

Economics

Main article: Preference (economics)

In economics and other social sciences, preference refers to the set of assumptions related to ordering some alternatives, based on the degree of happiness, satisfaction, gratification, enjoyment, or utility they provide, a process which results in an optimal "choice" (whether real or imagined). Although economists are usually not interested in choices or preferences in themselves, they are interested in the theory of choice because it serves as a background for empirical demand analysis.

Other

"Preference" may also refer to non-choices, such as genetic and biological explanations for one's preference. Sexual orientation, for example, is no longer considered a sexual preference by most individuals, but is debatable based on philosophical and/or scientific ideas.

See also

• Motivation
• Preference-based planning (in artificial intelligence)
• Preference revelation
• Preferentialism, philosophical concept
• Pairwise comparison

References

• Brehm, J.W. (1956). Post-decision changes in desirability of choice alternatives. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 52, 384-389.
• Coppin, G., Delplanque, S., Cayeux, I., Porcherot, C., & Sander, D. (2010). I’m no longer torn after choice: How explicit choices can implicitly shape preferences for odors. Psychological Science, 21, 489-493.
• Lichtenstein, S., & Slovic, P. (2006). The construction of preference. New York: Cambridge University Press.
• Scherer, K.R. (2005). What are emotions? And how can they be measured? Social Science Information, 44, 695-729.
• Sharot, T., De Martino, B., & Dolan, R.J. (2009). How choice reveals and shapes expected hedonic outcome. Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 3760-3765.

External links

• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on 'Preferences'
• Customer preference formation DOC (white paper from ICR)

Japanese Journal

• 女子学生の被服行動に影響を及ぼす独自性欲求と ファストファッションのイメージ構造

• 孫 珠煕,近藤 信子
• 富山大学人間発達科学部紀要 7(2), 107-117, 2013
• … expressing herself," the more "sensitive" she was "to the presence of others."Observed variables of "negative about expressing oneself" were "inhibited" and "shy." As for "dressing behavior," students who are "negative about expressing themselves" showed a negative effect on "fashion trendiness," "steady-going/diligence," and "the penchant for purchasing through mail order or at mass merchandise outlets."Female students' images on fast fashion were "urbanized/cool," "wide variety of sizes," and "volume" (=affordable prices on better-quality …
• NAID 120005257103

• レヴィナスにおけるブランシュヴィク受容 : 「無神論」と「成年者の宗教」(研究論文)

• 馬場 智一
• フランス語フランス文学研究 (100), 255-272, 2012-03-14
• … Ii souligne en outre que les religions positives restent encore prisonnieres de cet egoisme, car leur notion du salut, promesse d'une vie eternelle, atteste d'un penchant au conatus essendi. …
• NAID 110009543593

• The Pilotと還流する想像力 : Fenimore Cooperの海洋ロマンス群論に向けて

• 林 以知郎
• 同志社アメリカ研究 48, 25-51, 2012-03
• 論説(Article)
• NAID 110009005467

Related Links

• Penchant | Define Penchant at Dictionary.com

Interdisciplinary programs with an increasing penchant for making humanities more 'applicable' might favor someone like you. Her penchant for low-tech solo travel hearkens to an earlier era of exploration. Human cooperation may ...

• penchantの意味 - 英和辞書 - 英語辞書 - goo辞書

penchantとは。意味や和訳。[名]((a～))（…に対する）強い好み，傾向((for ...))have a penchant for ...…をひどく好む. - goo英和辞書は14万項目以上を収録し、発音、音声、慣用句、例文が分かる英和辞書です。

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