WordNet

any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
of or relating to the pelvis; "pelvic exam"; "pelvic inflammation"
control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"

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〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける
骨盤の

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2023/02/11 22:55:25」(JST)

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Pelvic splanchnic nerves or nervi erigentes are splanchnic nerves that arise from sacral spinal nerves S2, S3, S4 to provide parasympathetic innervation to the organs of the pelvic cavity.

Structure

The pelvic splanchnic nerves arise from the anterior rami of the sacral spinal nerves S2, S3, and S4, and enter the sacral plexus.^[1]^[2]^[3] They travel to their side's corresponding inferior hypogastric plexus, located bilaterally on the walls of the rectum.^[2]^[3] They contain both preganglionic parasympathetic fibers as well as visceral afferent fibers.^[3] Visceral afferent fibers go to spinal cord following pathway of pelvic splanchnic nerve fibers.

The parasympathetic nervous system is referred to as the craniosacral outflow; the pelvic splanchnic nerves are the sacral component. They are in the same region as the sacral splanchnic nerves, which arise from the sympathetic trunk and provide sympathetic efferent fibers.

Function

The pelvic splanchnic nerves contribute to the innervation of the pelvic and genital organs.^[2] The nerves regulate the emptying of the urinary bladder, control opening and closing of the internal urethral sphincter, influence motility in the rectum as well as sexual functions like erection.^[1]^[2]

In the distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, and through the sigmoid and rectum, and the cervix in females, the pelvic splanchnic nerves supply parasympathetic function, including transmitting the sensation of pain.^[1] The proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon, and the rest of the proximal gastrointestinal tract is supplied its parasympathetic fibers by the vagus nerve.

Clinical significance

Damage to the sacral spinal nerve roots can cause neurogenic bladder dysfunction^[2] and fecal incontinence.^[3]

Society and culture

The pelvic splanchnic nerves are featured as a key plot point in "Parasites Lost", a 2001 episode of the American animated TV comedy Futurama; when protagonist Philip J. Fry is infected with parasitic worms, the rest of the crew use micro-droids to enter his body with the intention of tickling the pelvic splanchnic ganglion to trigger a convulsive bowel movement that they believe will expel the worms.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul (2005). Gray's anatomy for students. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. p. 423. ISBN 978-0-8089-2306-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Oakes, W. Jerry; Rocque, Brandon G. (2015-01-01), Tubbs, R. Shane; Rizk, Elias; Shoja, Mohammadali M.; Loukas, Marios (eds.), "Chapter 25 - Dorsal Rhizotomy for Spasticity", Nerves and Nerve Injuries, San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 383–391, ISBN 978-0-12-802653-3, retrieved 2021-01-06
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Bharucha, ADIL E.; Klingele, CHRISTOPHER J. (2005-01-01), Dyck, Peter J.; Thomas, P. K. (eds.), "Chapter 13 - Autonomic and Somatic Systems to the Anorectum and Pelvic Floor", Peripheral Neuropathy (Fourth Edition), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 279–298, ISBN 978-0-7216-9491-7, retrieved 2021-01-06

External links

Anatomy photo:43:15-0107 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Autonomics of the Abdomen - Page 7 of 16 anatomy module at med.umich.edu
figures/chapter_32/32-6.HTM: Basic Human Anatomy at Dartmouth Medical School
pelvis at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (pelvicnerves)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における門脈血栓症の疫学および病因 epidemiology and pathogenesis of portal vein thrombosis in adults
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4. 成人における慢性門脈血栓症：臨床症状、診断、および管理 chronic portal vein thrombosis in adults clinical manifestations diagnosis and management
5. バッドキアリ症候群の病因 etiology of the budd chiari syndrome

English Journal

Anatomic relationships of the pelvic autonomic nervous system in female cadavers: clinical applications to pelvic surgery.

Ripperda CM1, Jackson LA2, Phelan JN3, Carrick KS4, Corton MM2.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.Am J Obstet Gynecol.2017 Apr;216(4):388.e1-388.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.12.002. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
PMID 27956200

Selective visualization of pelvic splanchnic nerve and pelvic plexus using readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance neurography: A preliminary study in healthy male volunteers.

Yamashita R1, Isoda H2, Arizono S3, Furuta A4, Ohno T5, Ono A6, Murata K7, Togashi K8.
European journal of radiology.Eur J Radiol.2017 Jan;86:52-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.10.034. Epub 2016 Nov 2.
PMID 28027765

Current concepts and practical techniques of nerve-sparing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy.

Kyo S1, Kato T2, Nakayama K3.
European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology.Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol.2016 Dec;207:80-88. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.10.033. Epub 2016 Oct 28.
PMID 27825032

Japanese Journal

神経温存広汎子宮全摘術における根治性拡大と機能温存(<特集>第56回日本産科婦人科学会シンポジウム4 : 安全性および確実性の向上を目指した婦人科手術の工夫)

加藤友康
日本産科婦人科學會雜誌 56(12), 1369-1376, 2004-12-01
… Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy was established by Japanese gynecologists to preserve the pelvic autonomic nerves while maintaining a high curability. … The superficial (ventral) vascular part that contains the uterine, vaginal and inferior vesical vessels is dissected, while the deep (dorsal) neural part that contains the pelvic splanchnic nerves is preserved. …
NAID 10016758459