膝蓋高位
WordNet
- a small flat triangular bone in front of the knee that protects the knee joint (同)kneecap, kneepan
- type genus of the family Patellidae: common European limpets (同)genus Patella
PrepTutorEJDIC
- =kneecap
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/14 01:52:02」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Attenuated patella alta is an extremely rare condition affecting mobility and leg strength. It is characterized by an unusually small knee cap (patella) that develops out of and above the joint. Normally, as the knee cap sits in the joint, it is stimulated to growth by abrasion from the opposing bones. When not situated properly in the joint, the knee cap does not experience such stimulation and remains small and undeveloped. Note that the cartilage under and around the kneecap is eight times smoother than ice, so "abrasion" may not be the best term.
A similar condition, patella alta, can occur as the result of a sports injury, though the large majority of the time it is a congenital/developmental condition that is unrelated to trauma. A kneecap in an "alta" position sits above the "trochlear groove" and therefore is less stable. The "patellar tendon" that connects the kneecap to the tibia (shinbone)is elongated (longer than normal). This cannot happen by way of trauma, unless there has been a rupture of the tendon and a less-than-optimal surgical repair.
There has been only one documented case of the disorder noted from birth. In 1988, three-year-old Eric Rogstad of Minneapolis, Minnesota was discovered to suffer from the condition in both knees after several attempts by his parents and family physician to discover the cause of his abnormal difficulties with walking and running. After surgery and physical therapy, Eric gained the ability to walk and run without significant difficulty.
Insall Ratio: This ratio is calculated with the knee flexed to 30 degrees. It is the ratio of the length of the patella to the length of the patellar tendon. Normally this ratio is 1:1 but 20% variation represents patella alta or patella infera. Actually, the Insall-Salvati ratio can be measured at any degree of flexion, which is one reason for its popularity.[1]
See also
References
- ^ Grelsamer, RP: Patellar Malalignment - Current Concepts. J Bone Joint Surg. 82A:1639-1650, 2000
|
Musculoskeletal disorders: Acquired musculoskeletal deformities (M20–M25, M95, 734–738)
|
|
| Upper limb |
| shoulder |
- Winged scapula
- Adhesive capsulitis
- Rotator cuff tear
- Subacromial bursitis
|
|
| elbow |
- Cubitus valgus
- Cubitus varus
|
|
| hand deformity |
- Wrist drop
- Boutonniere deformity
- Swan neck deformity
|
|
|
| Lower limb |
| hip |
- Protrusio acetabuli
- Coxa valga
- Coxa vara
|
|
| leg |
|
|
| patella |
- Luxating patella
- Chondromalacia patellae
- Patella baja
- Patella alta
|
|
| foot deformity |
- Bunion/hallux valgus
- Hallux varus
- Hallux rigidus
- Hammer toe
- Foot drop
- Flat feet
- Club foot
|
|
| knee |
|
|
|
| Head |
|
|
| General terms |
- Valgus deformity/Varus deformity
- Joint stiffness
- Ligamentous laxity
|
|
|
Index of joint
|
|
| Description |
- Anatomy
- head and neck
- cranial
- arms
- torso and pelvis
- legs
- bursae and sheathes
- Physiology
|
|
| Disease |
- Arthritis
- acquired
- back
- childhood
- soft tissue
- Congenital
- Injury
- Symptoms and signs
- Examination
|
|
| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- rheumatoid arthritis
- gout
- topical analgesics
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Anterior knee pain in patients with cerebral palsy.
- Choi Y1, Lee SH2, Chung CY1, Park MS1, Lee KM1, Sung KH3, Won SH1, Lee IH1, Choi IH4, Cho TJ4, Yoo WJ4, Lee SY5.
- Clinics in orthopedic surgery.Clin Orthop Surg.2014 Dec;6(4):426-31. doi: 10.4055/cios.2014.6.4.426. Epub 2014 Nov 10.
- BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for anterior knee pain in patients with cerebral palsy.METHODS: This prospective study investigated the risk factors for anterior knee pain in 127 ambulatory patients with spastic cerebral palsy in terms of walking pain, resting pain
- PMID 25436067
- Spontaneous bilateral avulsion fracture of the tuberositas tibiae in a New Zealand White rabbit - A counterpart to Osgood-Schlatter disease in humans?
- Nehrbass D1, Arens D2, Zeiter S2.
- Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie.Exp Toxicol Pathol.2014 Nov 27. pii: S0940-2993(14)00150-X. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.10.008. [Epub ahead of print]
- The first reported case describing a spontaneous bilateral avulsion fracture of the tuberositas tibiae in a New Zealand White rabbit is presented. So far in animals, this condition has been only described in dogs and horses. In humans, this condition is also called Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) or
- PMID 25435475
- High tibial valgus osteotomy: closing, opening or combined? Patellar height as a determining factor.
- Portner O.
- Clinical orthopaedics and related research.Clin Orthop Relat Res.2014 Nov;472(11):3432-40. doi: 10.1007/s11999-014-3821-5. Epub 2014 Jul 29.
- BACKGROUND: According to the literature, closing and opening wedge high tibial valgus osteotomies can raise or lower the patella, and diffèrent methods of patella height measurement show similarly conflicting results. Clarification of this was thought to be important because there is much literatur
- PMID 25070919
Japanese Journal
- 野村 智洋,鎮西 伸顕,藤井 正道,半仁田 勉,林 和生
- 整形外科と災害外科 56(3), 410-413, 2007-09-25
- NAID 10019942222
- 肘関節の後内側脱臼を伴った Nail-patella syndrome と思われた1症例
Related Links
- - See: - Lateral radiograph of the Knee - Patella Infera - Subluxation of the Patella - Discussion: - patella alta refers to an abnormally high patella in relation to femur; - may result in Subluxation and dislocation of ...
- A patella alta (or a high riding patella) describes a situation where the position of patella is considered high. It can be idiopathic or can result secondary to a patellar tendon rupture.AssociationsSeveral conditions are known to have a ...