出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/06 12:12:16」(JST)
| It has been suggested that Anterior branch of the obturator artery and Posterior branch of the obturator artery be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since September 2012. |
| Artery: Obturator artery | |
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The relations of the femoral and abdominal inguinal rings, seen from within the abdomen. Right side. (Obturator artery is visible at bottom.)
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Internal iliac artery and some branches.
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| Latin | Arteria obturatoria |
| Gray's | p.616 |
| Supplies | Obturator externus muscle, medial compartment of thigh, femur |
| Source | Internal iliac artery |
| Branches | anterior branch and posterior branch |
| Vein | Obturator veins |
The obturator artery is a branch of the internal iliac artery that passes antero-inferiorly (forwards and downwards) on the lateral wall of the pelvis, to the upper part of the obturator foramen, and, escaping from the pelvic cavity through the obturator canal, it divides into both an anterior and a posterior branch.
In the pelvic cavity this vessel is in relation, laterally, with the obturator fascia; medially, with the ureter, ductus deferens, and peritoneum; while a little below it is the obturator nerve.
Inside the pelvis the obturator artery gives off iliac branches to the iliac fossa, which supply the bone and the Iliacus, and anastomose with the ilio-lumbar artery; a vesical branch, which runs backward to supply the bladder; and a pubic branch, which is given off from the vessel just before it leaves the pelvic cavity.
The pubic branch ascends upon the back of the pubis, communicating with the corresponding vessel of the opposite side, and with the inferior epigastric artery.
Outside the pelvis, the obturator artery divides at the upper margin of the obturator foramen, into an anterior branch and a posterior branch which encircle the foramen under cover of the Obturator externus.
The obturator artery sometimes arises from the main stem or from the posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery, or it may arise from the superior gluteal artery; occasionally it arises from the external iliac.
In about two out of every seven cases it arises from the inferior epigastric and descends almost vertically to the upper part of the obturator foramen. The artery in this course usually lies in contact with the external iliac vein, and on the lateral side of the femoral ring (Figure A on diagram); in such cases it would not be endangered in the operation for strangulated femoral hernia.
Occasionally, however, it curves along the free margin of the lacunar ligament (Figure B), and if in such circumstances a femoral hernia occurred, the vessel would almost completely encircle the neck of the hernial sac, and would be in great danger of being wounded if an operation were performed for strangulation. Because of this danger, this anatomic variant is sometimes referred to as the "crown of death" (corona mortis) .[1][2]
Right hip bone. Internal surface.
Left Levator ani from within.
This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.
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