WordNet

a quantitative or qualitative test of a substance (especially an ore or a drug) to determine its components; frequently used to test for the presence or concentration of infectious agents or antibodies etc.
analyze (chemical substances)
a substance that is undergoing an analysis of its components
an appraisal of the state of affairs; "they made an assay of the contents"; "a check on its dependability under stress" (同)check
a written report of the results of an analysis of the composition of some substance
the condition of being protected; "they were huddled together for protection"; "he enjoyed a sense of peace and protection in his new home" (同)shelter
the imposition of duties or quotas on imports in order to protect domestic industry against foreign competition; "he made trade protection a plank in the party platform" (同)trade protection
payment extorted by gangsters on threat of violence; "every store in the neighborhood had to pay him protection" (同)tribute
the activity of protecting someone or something; "the witnesses demanded police protection"
hardy and sure-footed animal smaller and with longer ears than the horse
a pompous fool
general term for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleic acid by cleaving chains of nucleotides into smaller units

PrepTutorEJDIC

(金属の品質・鉱石の金属含有量・薬品の)分析,試金 / 試金物,分析物 / …'を'試金する,分析する
〈U〉(…から)『保護すること』,『守ること』;保護されていること《+from(against)+名》 / 《単数形で》(…を)防いでくれる人(物),保護者《+『from』(『against』)+『名』》
ロバ / ばか者
《米俗》しり,けつ(《英俗》arse)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/04 22:25:31」(JST)

wiki en

Nuclease protection assay is a laboratory technique used in biochemistry and genetics to identify individual RNA molecules in a heterogeneous RNA sample extracted from cells. The technique can identify one or more RNA molecules of known sequence even at low total concentration. The extracted RNA is first mixed with antisense RNA or DNA probes that are complementary to the sequence or sequences of interest and the complementary strands are hybridized to form double-stranded RNA (or a DNA-RNA hybrid). The mixture is then exposed to ribonucleases that specifically cleave only single-stranded RNA but have no activity against double-stranded RNA. When the reaction runs to completion, susceptible RNA regions are degraded to very short oligomers or to individual nucleotides; the surviving RNA fragments are those that were complementary to the added antisense strand and thus contained the sequence of interest.

Probe

The probes are prepared by cloning part of the gene of interest in a vector under the control of any of the following promoters, SP6, T7 or T3. These promoters are recognized by DNA dependent RNA polymerases originally characterized from bacteriophages. The probes produced are radioactive as they are prepared by in vitro transcription using radioactive UTPs. Uncomplemented DNA or RNA is cleaved off by nucleases. When the probe is a DNA molecule, S1 nuclease is used; when the probe is RNA, any single-strand-specific ribonuclease can be used. Thus the surviving probe-mRNA complement is simply detected by autoradiography.

Uses

Nuclease protection assays are used to map introns and 5' and 3' ends of transcribed gene regions. Quantitative results can be obtained regarding the amount of the target RNA present in the original cellular extract - if the target is a messenger RNA, this can indicate the level of transcription of the gene in the cell.

They are also used to detect the presence of double stranded RNA, presence of which could mean RNA interference.

Northern blotting is a laboratory technique that produces similar information. It is slower and less quantitative, but also produces accurate information about the size of the target RNA. Nuclease protection assay products are limited to the size of the initial probes due to the destruction of the non-hybridized RNA during the nuclease digestion step.

References

Sandelin, A. et al. Mammalian RNA polymerase II core promoters: insights from genome-wide studies. Nature Rev. Genet. 8, 424–436 (2007)

This biochemistry article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 関節保護の概要 overview of joint protection
2. 上肢の関節保護プログラム joint protection program for the upper limb
3. 下肢の関節保護プログラム joint protection program for the lower limb
4. 頚部の関節保護プログラム joint protection program for the neck
5. 急性ST上昇型心筋梗塞におけるプライマリ経皮的冠動脈インターベンション後の適正でない再灌流 suboptimal reperfusion after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in acute st elevation myocardial infarction

English Journal

Evaluating the treatment of a synthetic wastewater containing a pharmaceutical and personal care product chemical cocktail: Compound removal efficiency and effects on juvenile rainbow trout.

Osachoff HL1, Mohammadali M2, Skirrow RC3, Hall ER2, Brown LL3, van Aggelen GC3, Kennedy CJ4, Helbing CC5.
Water research.Water Res.2014 Oct 1;62:271-80. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.057. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) can evade degradation in sewage treatment plants (STPs) and can be chronically discharged into the environment, causing concern for aquatic organisms, wildlife, and humans that may be exposed to these bioactive chemicals. The ability of a common STP
PMID 24963889

Effects of Acute Exposure to the Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Ibuprofen on the Developing North American Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) Tadpole.

Veldhoen N1, Skirrow RC, Brown LL, van Aggelen G, Helbing CC.
Environmental science & technology.Environ Sci Technol.2014 Sep 2;48(17):10439-47. doi: 10.1021/es502539g. Epub 2014 Aug 15.
A variety of pharmaceutical chemicals can represent constituents of municipal effluent outflows that are dispersed into aquatic receiving environments worldwide. Increasingly, there is concern as to the potential of such bioactive substances to interact with wildlife species at sensitive life stages
PMID 25111458

Design and synthesis of new benzimidazole-carbazole conjugates for the stabilization of human telomeric DNA, telomerase inhibition, and their selective action on cancer cells.

Maji B1, Kumar K, Kaulage M, Muniyappa K, Bhattacharya S.
Journal of medicinal chemistry.J Med Chem.2014 Aug 28;57(16):6973-88. doi: 10.1021/jm500427n. Epub 2014 Aug 7.
Cell-permeable small molecules that enhance the stability of the G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures are currently among the most intensively pursued ligands for inhibition of the telomerase activity. Herein we report the design and syntheses of four novel benzimidazole-carbazole conjugates and demonst
PMID 25062468

Japanese Journal

B22-034 CAPILLARY STRUCTURED DNA DETECTION DEVICE

Shinohara Etsuo,Ohashi Yoko,Hashido Kento,Takahashi Takeo,Hamano Tamaki,Morimoto Nobuhiko,Makino Tohru,Karaki Sachiko
International Symposium on Micro-Mechanical Engineering : ISMME 2003, 392-396, 2003-11-30
… In order to evaluate its performance, several applications of gene expression profiling, SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) detection and Nuclease protection assay were examined. …
NAID 110002344897

ジャガイモXウイルス接種タバコプロトプラストから分離した粗膜画分におけるウイルスRNAのinvitro合成

閾暁楓,高松則之,細川大二郎
日本植物病理學會報 64(2), 85-90, 1998-04-25
… さらに, 本膜画分を micrococcal nuclease で処理すると, 内在性鋳型RNAは消化され, RNA合成産物はみられなくなったが, PVXRNAを鋳型として添加するとゲノム長RNAの合成のみが認められ, 二種類のサブゲノム長RNAの合成はみられなかった。 …
NAID 110002732358

In Vitro Viral RNA Synthesis in a Crude Membrane Fraction from Tobacco Protoplasts Inoculated with Potato Virus X.

闕暁楓,高松則之,細川大二郎
日本植物病理学会報 64(2), 85-90, 1998
… さらに,本膜画分をmicrococcal nucleaseで処理すると,内在性鋳型RNAは消化され,RNA合成産物はみられなくなったが,PVX-RNAを鋳型として添加するとゲノム長RNAの合成のみが認められ,二種類のサブゲノム長RNAの合成はみられなかった。 …
NAID 130003750201

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ヌクレアーゼプロテクションアッセイ」
拡張検索	「ribonuclease protection assay」
関連記事	「assay」「protection」「nuclease」