硫酸ニッケル

WordNet

divide or reset the tail muscles of; "nick horses"
mate successfully; of livestock
(British slang) a prison; "hes in the nick"
cut a nick into (同)chip
cut slightly, with a razor; "The barbers knife nicked his cheek" (同)snick
plate with nickel; "nickel the plate"
a hard malleable ductile silvery metallic element that is resistant to corrosion; used in alloys; occurs in pentlandite and smaltite and garnierite and millerite (同)Ni, atomic number 28
five dollars worth of a drug; "a nickel bag of drugs"; "a nickel deck of heroin" (同)nickel note
a United States coin worth one twentieth of a dollar
convert into a sulfate
a salt or ester of sulphuric acid (同)sulphate

PrepTutorEJDIC

刻み目(notch) / 表面だけの切り傷,かすり傷 / …‘に'刻み目(傷)をつける・「in the nick of time」で「きわどい時に, ちょうどよく」
状態,体調
〈U〉『ニッケル』(金属元素;化学記号は『Ni』) / 〈C〉(米国・カナダの)5セント白銅貨 / 〈C〉(一般に)ごくわずかの金 / …‘に'ニッケルめっきをする

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/14 02:48:55」(JST)

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Nickel(II) sulfate, or just nickel sulfate, usually refers to the inorganic compound with the formula NiSO₄(H₂O)₆. This highly soluble blue-coloured salt is a common source of the Ni²⁺ ion for electroplating.

Approximately 40,000 tonnes were produced in 2005. It is mainly used for electroplating of nickel.^[1]

In 2005–06, nickel sulfate was the top allergen in patch tests (19.0%).^[2]

Structures

At least seven sulfate salts of nickel(II) are known. These salts differ in terms of their hydration or crystal habit.

The common tetragonal hexahydrate crystallizes from aqueous solution between 30.7 and 53.8 °C. Below these temperatures, a heptahydrate crystallises, and above these temperatures an orthorhombic hexahydrate forms. The yellow anhydrous form, NiSO₄, is a high melting solid that is rarely encountered in the laboratory. This material is produced by heating the hydrates above 330 °C. It decomposes at still higher temperatures to nickel oxide.^[1]

X-ray crystallography measurements show that NiSO₄·6H₂O consists of the octahedral [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺ ions. These ions in turn are hydrogen bonded to sulfate ions.^[3] Dissolution of the salt in water gives solutions containing the aquo complex [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺.

All nickel sulfates are paramagnetic.

Production, applications, and coordination chemistry

The salt is usually obtained as a by-product of copper refining. It is also produced by dissolution of nickel metal or nickel oxides in sulfuric acid.

Aqueous solutions of nickel sulfate reacts with sodium carbonate to precipitate nickel carbonate, a precursor to nickel-based catalysts and pigments.^[4] Addition of ammonium sulfate to concentrated aqueous solutions of nickel sulfate precipitates Ni(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂·6H₂O. This blue-coloured solid is analogous to Mohr's salt, Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂·6H₂O.^[1]

Nickel sulfate is used in the laboratory. Columns used in polyhistidine-tagging, useful in biochemistry and molecular biology, are regenerated with nickel sulfate. Aqueous solutions of NiSO₄·6H₂O and related hydrates react with ammonia to give [Ni(NH₃)₆]SO₄ and with ethylenediamine to give [Ni(H₂NCH₂CH₂NH₂)₃]SO₄. The latter is occasionally used as a calibrant for magnetic susceptibility measurements because it has no tendency to hydrate.

Natural occurrence

Nickel sulfate occurs as the rare mineral retgersite, which is a hexahydrate. The second hexahydrate is known as nickelhexahydrite(Ni,Mg,Fe)SO₄·6H₂O. The heptahydrate, which is relatively unstable in air, occurs as morenosite. The monohydrate occurs as very rare mineral dwornikite (Ni,Fe)SO₄·H₂O.

Safety

Patch test

In 2005–06, nickel sulfate was the top allergen in patch tests (19.0%).^[2]

Nickel salts are carcinogenic and irritate the skin.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c K. Lascelles, L. G. Morgan, D. Nicholls, D. Beyersmann “Nickel Compounds” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005. Vol. A17 p. 235 doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_235.pub2.
^ ^a ^b Zug KA, Warshaw EM, Fowler JF Jr, Maibach HI, Belsito DL, Pratt MD, Sasseville D, Storrs FJ, Taylor JS, Mathias CG, Deleo VA, Rietschel RL, Marks J. Patch-test results of the North American Contact Dermatitis Group 2005–2006. Dermatitis. 2009 May–Jun;20(3):149-60.
^ Wells, A. F. (1984). Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-855370-6.
^ H. B. W. Patterson, "Catalysts" in Hydrogenation of Fats and Oils G. R. List and J. W. King, Eds., 1994, AOCS Press, Urbana.

External links

International Chemical Safety Card 0063

v t e Salts and the ester of the sulfate ion
H₂SO₄																	He
Li₂SO₄	BeSO₄											B	(RO)₂SO₃	(NH₄)₂SO₄ N₂H₆SO₄ (NH₃OH)₂SO₄	O	F	Ne
Na₂SO₄ NaHSO₄	MgSO₄											Al₂(SO₄)₃	Si	P	SO₄²⁻	Cl	Ar
K₂SO₄ KHSO₄	CaSO₄	Sc₂(SO₄)₃	Ti(SO₄)₂ TiOSO₄	V₂(SO₄)₃ VOSO₄	CrSO₄ Cr₂(SO₄)₃	MnSO₄	FeSO₄ Fe₂(SO₄)₃	CoSO₄, Co₂(SO₄)₃	NiSO₄	CuSO₄	ZnSO₄	Ga₂(SO₄)₃	Ge	As	Se	Br	Kr
Rb₂SO₄	SrSO₄	Y	Zr(SO₄)₂	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	PdSO₄	Ag₂SO₄	CdSO₄	In₂(SO₄)₃	SnSO₄	Sb₂(SO₄)₃	Te	I	Xe
Cs₂SO₄	BaSO₄		Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	Au	Hg₂SO₄, HgSO₄	Tl₂SO₄	PbSO₄	Bi₂(SO₄)₃	Po	At	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Cn	Uut	Fl	Uup	Lv	Uus	Uuo
		↓
		La	Ce₂(SO₄)₃ Ce(SO₄)₂	Pr₂(SO₄)₃	Nd	Pm	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb₂(SO₄)₃	Lu
		Ac	Th	Pa	U(SO₄)₂ UO₂SO₄	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr

UpToDate Contents

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1. ニッケル過敏症と冠動脈ステント nickel hypersensitivity and coronary artery stents
2. アレルギー性接触皮膚炎の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis
3. アレルギー性接触皮膚炎のマネージメント management of allergic contact dermatitis
4. アレルギー性接触皮膚炎の一般的なアレルゲン common allergens in allergic contact dermatitis
5. ツタウルシ（トキシコデンドロン属）による皮膚炎 poison ivy toxicodendron dermatitis

English Journal

Cobalt allergy: suitable test concentration, and concomitant reactivity to nickel and chromium.

Lidén C1, Andersson N2, Julander A2, Matura M3.
Contact dermatitis.Contact Dermatitis.2016 Mar 21. doi: 10.1111/cod.12568. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Cobalt allergy is frequent, but knowledge about exposure is limited. The patch test concentration and relevance of positive reactions are sometimes questioned.OBJECTIVES: To assess the suitability of cobalt 1% versus 0.5% for patch testing, and to analyse the co-occurrence of allergy to
PMID 26996152

Puerarin protects mouse liver against nickel-induced oxidative stress and inflammation associated with the TLR4/p38/CREB pathway.

Liu CM1, Ma JQ2, Liu SS3, Feng ZJ3, Wang AM3.
Chemico-biological interactions.Chem Biol Interact.2016 Jan 5;243:29-34. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.11.017. Epub 2015 Nov 30.
Nickel (Ni), one of hazardous environmental chemicals, is known to cause liver injury. Accumulating evidence showed that puerarin (PU) possessed comprehensive biological effects. The purpose of the current study was to test the hypothesis that the puerarin protects against enhanced liver injury caus
PMID 26607348

Nickel allergy and relationship with Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis.

Anna BM1, Grazyna A2, Wojciech D3, Aleksander O4, Anna B5, Andrzej K6, Zofia M7, Krystyna O8.
Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS).J Trace Elem Med Biol.2016 Jan;33:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.06.009. Epub 2015 Jul 20.
BACKGROUND: The increase of nickel air pollution is supposed to frequent side effects of nickel action related to virulence potential of Staphylococcus aureus in patients with nickel allergy in atopic dermatitis. The goal was to investigate the relationship between nickel allergy and infection by S.
PMID 26653736

Japanese Journal

硫酸酸性浴による亜鉛-ニッケル合金めっきの均一電着性に及ぼすシリカナノ粒子共析の影響

日野実,村上浩二,村岡賢 [他]
日本金属学会誌 = Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials 78(1), 31-36, 2014-01
NAID 40019936916

Magnetic Separation Technique Using High Temperature Superconducting Bulk Magnets and Application to Plating Liquid Waste Treatment

Oka T.,Fukazawa H.,Yoshizawa N.,Takayanagi Y.,Ogawa J.,Fukui S.,Sato T.,Ooizumi M.,Tsujimura M.,Yokoyama K.
粉体および粉末冶金 61(S1), S164-S166, 2014
… A magnetic separation technique has been conducted to recycle the nickel (Ni) element from the waste fluid of electroless Ni plating processes. … In order to extract the Ni element at first, we formed the coarse Ni-sulfate crystals with the sizes over 1 mm from the Ni-phosphite precipitates by controlling the temperature and the pH value. …
NAID 130004482659

残油水素化脱硫触媒の再生技術

岩本隆一郎
Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute 56(3), 109-121, 2013
残油水素化脱硫触媒は，年間使用量も多いため，その再生利用は非常に重要であるが，再生条件が過酷であることと，触媒上に堆積したバナジウムの存在により，留出油水素化脱硫触媒と比較して再生は困難である。そこで残油水素化脱硫触媒の再生技術について，留出油水素化脱硫触媒再生との相違，再生メカニズム，商業再生プロセス，再生触媒の構造，物性，活性，バナジウムの影響，再生に好適な触媒改良の観点から概説した。バナジウ …
NAID 130003365145

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

関連記事	「sulfate」「nick」「sulfated」「nickel」「sulfa」

「sulfate」

Nickel(II) sulfate
Anhydrous	Hexahydrate
Names
	IUPAC name Nickel(II) sulfate
	Other names Nickelous sulfate
Identifiers
CAS Number	7786-81-4 (anhydrous) ; 10101-97-0 (hexahydrate) ; 10101-98-1 (heptahydrate)
ChEBI	CHEBI:53001
ChemSpider	22989
EC Number	232-104-9
	InChI InChI=1S/Ni.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 Key: LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/Ni.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2 Key: LGQLOGILCSXPEA-NUQVWONBAG ;
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
PubChem	24586
RTECS number	QR9600000
	SMILES [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ;
UNII	4FLT4T3WUN
Properties
Chemical formula	NiSO4
Molar mass	154.75 g/mol (anhydrous); 262.85 g/mol (hexahydrate); 280.86 g/mol (heptahydrate)
Appearance	yellow solid (anhydrous); blue crystals (hexahydrate); green-blue crystals (heptahydrate)
Odor	odorless
Density	4.01 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 2.07 g/cm3 (hexahydrate); 1.948 g/cm3 (heptahydrate)
Melting point	> 100 °C (anhydrous); 53 °C (hexahydrate)
Boiling point	840 °C (1,540 °F; 1,110 K) (anhydrous, decomposes); 100 °C (hexahydrate, decomposes)
Solubility in water	65 g/100 mL (20 °C); 77.5 g/100 mL (30 °C) (heptahydrate)
Solubility	anhydrous; insoluble in ethanol, ether, acetone hexahydrate; very soluble in ethanol, ammonia heptahydrate; soluble in alcohol
Acidity (pKa)	4.5 (hexahydrate)
Refractive index (nD)	1.511 (hexahydrate); 1.467 (heptahydrate)
Structure
Crystal structure	cubic (anhydrous); tetragonal (hexahydrate); rhombohedral (hexahydrate)
Hazards
Safety data sheet	External MSDS
EU classification (DSD)	Carc. Cat. 1; Muta. Cat. 3; Repr. Cat. 2; Toxic (T); Harmful (Xn); Irritant (Xi); Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases	R49, R61, R20/22, R38, R42/43, R48/23, R68, R50/53
S-phrases	S53, S45, S60, S61
NFPA 704	0 2 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (Median dose)	264 mg/kg
Related compounds
Other cations	Cobalt(II) sulfate; Copper(II) sulfate; Iron(II) sulfate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references