PrepTutorEJDIC
- うわさ好きな人,おしゃべり
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/27 02:24:37」(JST)
wiki en
For other uses, see Journalist (disambiguation).
"Reporter" redirects here. For other uses, see Reporter (disambiguation).
A television reporter holding a microphone.
| Journalism |
|---|
| News · Writing style Ethics · Objectivity List of
journalism articles |
| Areas |
| Arts · Business Data · Entertainment |
| Genres |
| Advocacy · Analytic · Blogging Broadcast · Citizen · Civic |
| Social impact |
| Fourth Estate Freedom of the press |
| News media |
| Newspapers · Magazines TV and radio |
| Roles |
| Journalists (reporters) Editor · Columnist |
| Category: Journalism |
|
A journalist collects, writes and distributes news and other information. A journalist's work is referred to as journalism.
A reporter is a type of journalist who researches, writes, and reports information to present in sources, conduct interviews, engage in research, and make reports. The information-gathering part of a journalist's job is sometimes called "reporting," in contrast to the production part of the job such as writing articles. Reporters may split their time between working in a newsroom and going out to witness events or interview people. Reporters may be assigned a specific beat or area of coverage.
Depending on the context, the term journalist may include various types of editors, editorial writers, columnists, and visual journalists, such as photojournalists (journalists who use the medium of photography).
Journalism has developed a variety of ethics and standards. While objectivity and a lack of bias are often considered important, some types of journalism, such as advocacy journalism, intentionally adopt a non-objective viewpoint.
Contents
|
Salaries and job outlook
The Henry W. Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Georgia has conducted its Annual Survey of Journalism and Mass Communication Graduates since 1997. According to its 2009 survey, the median salary earned by holders of either bachelor's or master's degrees in journalism and mass communication from colleges and universities in the United States (including Puerto Rico) entering the full-time job market in 2009 with $30,000. This was the same amount as in 2006, 2007, and 2008.[1]
According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook of the United States Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics, "employment of news analysts, reporters, and correspondents is expected to decline 6 percent between 2008 and 2018."[2] The Occupational Outlook Handbook report that the median annual wage for news analysts, reporters, and correspondents in the United States was $34,850 in May 2008, with the middle 50 percent earning between $25,760 and $52,160, and the bottom and top 10 percent earning less than $20,180 and more than $77,480, respectively. Median annual wages for reporters and correspondents were $33,430 in "newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishing" and $37,710 in "."[2]
Journalistic freedom
Journalists may expose themselves to danger, particularly when reporting in areas of armed conflict or in states that do not respect the freedom of the press. Organizations such as the Committee to Protect Journalists and Reporters Without Borders publish reports on press freedom and advocate for journalistic freedom. As of November 2011, the Committee to Protect Journalists reports that, 887 journalists have been killed worldwide since 1992 by murder (71 percent), crossfire or combat (17 percent), or on dangerous assignment (12 percent). The "ten deadliest countries" for journalists since 1992 have been Iraq (230 deaths), Philippines (109), Russia (77), Colombia (76), Mexico (69), Algeria (61), Pakistan (59), India (49), Somalia (45) and Brazil (31).[3]
The Committee to Protect Journalists also reports that as of December 1, 2010, 145 journalists were jailed worldwide for journalistic activities. Current numbers are even higher. The ten countries with the largest number of currently-imprisoned journalists are Turkey (ninety-five),[4] China (34 imprisoned), Iran (34), Eritrea (17), Burma (13), Uzbekistan (six), Vietnam (five), Cuba (four), Ethiopia (four), and Sudan (three).[5]
See also
| Journalism portal |
- Critic
- War correspondent
- 24-hour television news channels
- 24-hour news cycle
- Broadcast journalism
- Electronic field production (EFP)
- Electronic news-gathering (ENG)
- List of ITV journalists and newsreaders
- Local news
- News broadcasting
- News presenter
- News program
- Newsroom
- Outside broadcasting
- Student newspaper
Notes
- ^ Lee B. Becker et al. "2009 Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates" (August 4, 2010).
- ^ a b "News Analysts, Reporters, and Correspondents." Occupational Outlook Handbook (2010-11 ed.). United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
- ^ "887 Journalists Killed since 1992." Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved August 28, 2012.
- ^ "Number of Jailed Journalists Nearly Doubles in Turkey". Los Angeles Times. 5 April 2012. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/04/jailed-journalists-nearly-double-in-turkey.html. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
- ^ "Iran, China drive prison tally to 14-year high" (December 8, 2010). Committee to Protect Journalists. Retrieved November 18, 2011.
Further reading
- Fowler, Nathaniel Clark. (1913). The Handbook of Journalism: All about Newspaper Work.--Facts and Information of Vital Moment to the Journalist and to All who Would Enter this Calling. New York: Sully and Kleinteich.
- Huffman, James L. (2003). A Yankee in Meiji Japan: The Crusading Journalist. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. 10-ISBN 0-7425-2621-6; 13-ISBN 978-0-7425-2621-1
- Randall, David. (2000). The Universal Journalist. Sterling Virginia: Pluto Press. 10-ISBN 0-7453-1641-7; 13-ISBN 978-0-7453-1641-3; OCLC 43481682
- Stone, Ejijah Melville. (1921) Fifty Years a Journalist. New York: Doubleday, Page and Company. OCLC 1520155
- Woods, Donald. (1981). Asking for Trouble: Autobiography of a Banned Journalist. New York: Atheneum. 10-ISBN 0-689-11159-2; 13-ISBN 978-0-689-11159-4; OCLC 6864121
External links
| Look up journalist in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Journalists |
- Society of Professional Journalists
Related Links
- news·mon·ger (no oz′mŭng′gər, -mŏng′-, nyo oz′-) n. One who spreads news, especially a gossip. newsmonger (ˈnjuːzˌmʌŋɡə) n old-fashioned a gossip news•mon•ger (ˈnuzˌmʌŋ gər, -ˌmɒŋ-, ˈnyuz-) n. a person who spreads gossip or ...
- Seen and Heard What made you want to look up newsmonger? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).
Related Pictures
